The distribution of the alkaline lamprophyres (dikes and diatremes) of the central and southern parts of the Kola Peninsula and of the kimberlite pipes on its southeastern coast is controlled by the Onega‐Kandalaksha graben zone. In the western part of this zone the dikes and diatremes are confined to alkaline‐ultramafic plutons, but in the eastern part they form independent fields. The depth of the magma chambers increases from west to east, toward Arkhangel'sk Oblast. The kimberlites probably formed at depths of 110 to 160 km. The Kola and Arkhangel'sk lamprophyres, picrites, and kimberlites probably represent a single alkaline‐ultramafic province.