The technical competitiveness of the US economy versus other leading nations, as measured by relative efficiency, is examined given a US policy commitment to develop Lunar Solar Power (LSP) as a new energy technology. The impact of LSP is quantified in terms of the effect on national income, the balance of trade, capital investment, and primary energy consumption. The analysis uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the effect of the strategy on US technical competitiveness for two scenarios reflecting different stages of technology implementation. DEA evaluates the relative efficiency of producers and identified the ‘‘best practice’’ production frontier. In this application, the producers are nations. The results show the US economy remains technically competitive during all periods of the early and mature phases of LSP development. ©American Institute of Physics 1995