In China there are many kinds of traditional fermented food products, which have a centuries‐long history. The main products are alcoholic beverages,Chiang, Chi, soy sauce, vinegar, red rice, and fermented bean curd. These products play a very important role in Chinese cuisine. The ancient methods of making fermented foods are changing gradually through modern microbiology and technology. This paper discusses the historical aspects, the manufacturing technology, and the future outlook on fermented food products in China.