&NA;Two important serologic studies from China and Wales have shown a significant association betweenHelicobacter pyloriand gastric cancer; and in Finland and Colombia the intestinal type of gastric carcinoma has been associated withH. pyloriearly in life. Anti‐H. pyloritherapy traditionally consists of bismuth and antibiotics, but recently, clinical studies of acid‐reducing drugs plus antibiotics have shown significant eradication rates ofH. pylori.An animal model showed a fivefold increase of antibiotic concentration at pH 5.0 compared with pH 2.0. An immunoblotting study indicated that the 120‐kD protein ofH. pylorimay be significant for peptic ulceration.Current Opinion in Gastroenterology 1992,8:122‐127