Ten new species ofHaliotremafrom Australian fish are described and figured:H. cteno‐chaetisp. n.fromCtenochaetus strigosus; H. falcanalissp. n.fromTriacanthus falcanalis; H. lineatesp. n.fromAcanthurus lineatus; H. chrysotaeniaesp. n.fromLutjanuschrysotaenia; H. cromileptissp. n.fromCromileptis altivelis; H. epinephelisp. n.fromEpinephelus merraandE. fasciatus; H. holocentrisp. n.fromHolocentrus ruber; Haliotrema chrysostomisp. n.fromLethrinus chrysostomusandPlectorhinchus pictus; H. fletisp. n.n. fromL. fletusandL. chrysostomus; H. scarisp. N.fromScarus fasciatus.H. dempsteri(Mizelle&Price, 1964)comb. n.fromAcanthrus mata, A. dussumieriandA. xanthopterus: H. johnii(Tripathi, 1959)comb. n.fromLutjanus johniandL. fulviflamma: H. parahaliotrema(Mizelle&Price, 1964)comb. n.fromZebrasoma veliferumandA. grammoptilus:andH. obesa(Caballero, Bravo Hollis&Grocott, 1955)comb. n.fromTetraodon hispidusare redescribed and transferred from the generaParahaliotremaMizelle&Price, 1964,AncyrocephalusCreplin, 1839,Parahaliotrema, andTetrancistrumGoto&Kikuchi, 1917 respectively.H. brevis(Mizelle&Price, 1964)comb, n.,H. canescens(Mizelle&Price, 1964)comb. n.andH. zanclus(Mizelle&Price, 1964)comb. n.are transferred fromPseudohaliotremaYamaguti, 1953;H. eilatica(Paperna, 1965)comb. n.,H. teuthis(MacCallum, 1915)comb. n.,H. triacantha(Tripathi, 1959)comb. n.andH. lethrini(Yamaguti, 1937)comb. n.are transferred fromAncyrocephalusCreplin, 1839.The generic diagnosis is emended to include the above‐mentioned species and the taxonomy of the genus is discussed and the formation of six species groups is propo