This study investigated the relationship between perceived attributes of the contraceptive sponge and use of this innovative method. Data were collected from a national sample of 779 women: 372 current sponge users and 407 former sponge users. Current users at initial interview also participated in a six‐month follow‐up interview. While in one of two samples current sponge users view attributes of the sponge much more positively than do former users, perceptions of the characteristics of the sponge do not prospectively predict who will later continue or discontinue use. Importance ratings, however, can prospectively and retrospectively discriminate between women who continue to use and those who stop using the sponge. Women who remain sponge users believe it is more important that a method be available without contact with a physician and that it have certain vaginal method conveniences.