摘要:

Soldier and reproductive proportions ofReticulitermes flavipes(Kollar) were determined in sampling baits from 89 colonies and 5 logs. Soldiers averaged 2% of the colony and neotenics, when present accounted for up to 1.28%. The sex-ratio ofR. flavipesneotenics was ca. 2 females for every male. Soldier proportions were always high in the vicinity of the neotenics.

ISSN:1754-5692    

DOI:10.1093/ee/9.4.458

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1980

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The diet ofGnathamitermes tubiformans(Buckley) consisted primarily of 3 grass species,Aristida longisetaSteud., red three-awn;Buchloe dactyloides(Null.) Englm., bulfalograss; andBouteloua gracilis(H.B.K.) Griffiths, blue grama. Feeding activity was lowest in the spring and highest in the fall. Over the season red three-awn, buffalograss and blue grama comprised ca. 46, 26, and 24% of the diet, respectively, and were consumed at rates of ca. 27.1, 15.4, and 14.1 g/m2/yr, respectively. Red three-awn was abundant throughout the season and increased in dietary importance through mid- and late summer. Bulfalograss became increasingly abundant during late spring and summer and was utilized most heavily during May, July, and Aug. Blue grama contributed most heavily to the termite diet during spring and early summer and its importance increased slightly again in the fall. It was preferred or highly preferred during most of the season. Living plants were the major dietary component during spring and early summer and standing dead plants were the major dietary component during late summer and fall. Grass litter remained a relatively constant dietary component throughout the season.

ISSN:1754-5692    

DOI:10.1093/ee/9.4.461

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1980

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Decomposing onion seedlings and bulbing plants elicited a greater host-finding response by female (but not male) onion flies,Hylemya antiqua(Meigen), than did healthy plants. Clear acetate cone traps baited with the onion chemical, n-dipropyl disulfide, caught more female and male onion flies than traps baited with plants or propanethiol. Of variously damaged onions, only mechanically injured plants released a significant male response, whereas female onion flies were caught by traps baited with maggot infested,Fusariuminoculated, and mechanically injured hosts. Seed corn fly,H. platura(Meigen), females showed a slight, but statistically significant, preference for rotting onion plants, rotting seedlings and healthy seedlings. These results suggest that distinctive blends of host plant volatiles, differing quantitatively or qualitatively, release varying degrees of female and male onion fly host-finding behavior. The apparent advantage of female preference for the decomposing onion would be increased larval survival due to easier larval penetration of onion bulbs and faster larval development.

ISSN:1754-5692    

DOI:10.1093/ee/9.4.467

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1980

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:1754-5692    

DOI:10.1093/ee/9.4.473

出版商:Oxford University Press    

年代:1980

数据来源: OUP