DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0001

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

General principles regarding protection are discussed, emphasis being laid on the importance of considering the prevention of faults as part of the problem equally with their isolation. From an analysis of the causes of interruptions, which show that a large number are only transient, and from the special conditions pertaining to a rural system, it is concluded that it is preferable to restrict the number of points at which automatic protection is provided, in order to facilitate the rapid resumption of supply.The methods of protection adopted in one large rural area are briefly described, together with a summary of the experience gained in operating several classes of equipment, including arc-suppression coils, automatic-reclosing switches and fuse gear.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0002

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The paper consists of a description of the area supplied by the Lancashire Electric Power Co., and of the nature of supplies afforded in that area. The 11-kV distribution system and the protective arrangements employed thereon are described, and figures showing availability of supply to consumers during a period of 1 year are given. The testing necessary to ensure satisfactory functioning of the protective gear is also described.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0003

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The importance of installing suitable and efficient protective apparatus on rural networks, at all stages of their development is emphasized.A typical protective scheme for an 11-kV and 33-kV rural distribution system which has been put into operation in a particular area of supply is described, and the reasons leading to its adoption are given. The practical difficulties met with in securing efficient operation and of carrying out proper maintenance are discussed. Some statistical records of fault interruptions are presented. These indicate the number and type of faults causing total or partial failures of supply and show the conditions under which the protective gear is called upon to function.The nature of the faults which occur on rural networks is analysed and a suggested standard form of keeping fault statistics is put forward for general adoption by undertakings distributing in rural areas.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0004

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

This paper explains what is believed to be a unique method evolved for protection of a grid network of 37.5-kV transmission lines against line-to-earth faults, which enables automatic selection and isolation of a section subjected to a sustained fault to take place without utilizing earth-fault current for the operation of protective relays, or pilot wires between sectionalizing stations remote from one another.The scheme provides for the installation of Petersen coils together with special automatic selectors and associated equipment, and has been employed with considerable success since 1936 for protection of the Ganges Canal hydro-electric grid in the United Provinces, India.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0005

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

The present position of existing types of high-voltage cables is briefly reviewed and the reasons underlying the development of the gas-filled cable are given. After a brief description of the cable, the design is dealt with in detail.The cable construction and manufacture are described and then the physical behaviour of the cable in service is considered. Details of the accessories associated with the cable system are given and the routine type and research testing of both cable and accessories are discussed.After dealing with gas-pressure considerations of the cable system in service and installations carried out, a brief survey of the economic aspect of the cable is given.It is concluded that the cable system has certain special advantages and that since its technical and economic positions are sound it should, in the future, be a factor to be taken into consideration when schemes involving power transmission at voltages of 33 kV and upwards are envisaged.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0006

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET

摘要:

In certain areas, supplies have been furnished to storage water-heaters and other such loads through relays permitting the supply to be temporarily suspended by superimposed control during peak times at the discretion of the engineer. The tests described in this paper were carried out in two areas in which such methods of control were available. The tests were made independently of peak-time suspension, and were aimed at finding out how many heaters were consuming at any given time. For this purpose the supply was arbitrarily cut off from the heaters and resumed again as quickly as possible. The changes in the feeder load were then used as a measure of the heater load at that moment. By repeating the process at regular intervals it was possible to separate out the heater load curve from the curve for the remainder of the load, and thus determine the diversity of the water-heater load.

DOI:10.1049/ji-2.1944.0007

出版商:IEE    

年代:1944

数据来源: IET