摘要:

Alectridium auranticumGilbert and Burke, which was previously known from a single specimen and synonymized withAlectrias alectrolophus(Pallas), is redescribed. Many new specimens indicate that the species is readily distinguishable from the other members of the stichaeid subfamily Alectriinae by a single median interorbital head pore and the scales on the body not extending in front of the 13th anal fin ray. It is found in the lower intertidal and subtidal waters between the Commander Islands, USSR, and Kodiak, Alaska.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-001

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

This paper is an outline of a recent study which shows that the storage life of fresh whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) is extended considerably by the low levels of gamma radiation. On the basis of bacteriological and sensory evaluations, a dose of 150,000 rads proved to be the most effective treatment; the samples exposed to this level of radiation were judged acceptable up to 29 days of storage in ice. Fish treated with 75,000 rads were acceptable up to 22 days whereas those treated with 300,000 rads, though bacteriologically acceptable, received lower sensory scores throughout the experiment.Bacteriological studies showed that unirradiated fresh samples were dominated by Gram-negative microorganisms belonging to the generaPseudomonas,Achromobacter, andFlavobacterium. Samples treated with 150,000 rads showed survival of Gram-positive microorganisms belonging to the generaCorynebacteriumandMicrococcuswhich were replaced by Gram-negative microorganisms after 29 days of storage.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-002

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Rates of recapture as grilse of salmon tagged as smolts at two counting fences located 7 and 40 miles above tidehead on the Northwest Miramichi River, New Brunswick, were from 2.5–3.8%. The Northwest Miramichi has early (June–July) and late (September–October) runs of grilse and larger salmon. In this study, returns by and after August 16 are described as early and late respectively. Grilse returns from smolts produced in the headwaters (and tagged at the upper counting fence) were mainly in the early run. Smolts marked at the lower counting fence (but produced in all parts of the river above lower fence) were well represented in both the early and late runs of grilse. Of grilse ascending past the lower counting fence by August 16, a higher percentage of those tagged as smolts at the upper fence than at the lower fence reached the upper part of the river. Of the tagged grilse which ascended past the lower counting fence after August 16, none were recaptured in the upper part of the river. Times of smolt migration to sea and return of grilse appeared to be related to smolt age. Older smolts (age 3 and 4) tended to migrate earlier than younger ones (age 2). Grilse from older smolts were nearly twice as numerous in the early as in the late run; those from younger smolts were nearly equally represented in the early and late runs.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-003

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The vertical distribution of 12 benthic marine algae and one animal are described for Indian Arm, an inlet in British Columbia. In general, the vertical distributions had distinct limits and the relative vertical positions of the species were constant throughout the inlet. The relative vertical distributions of the biota within the inlet are essentially the same as described for the northeast Pacific by other authors concerned with the same biotic elements. However, the upper limits ofLaminaria saccharina(L.) Lamouroux,Costaria costata(Turn.) Saunders, andConstantinea subuliferaSetchell are from 1 to 3 m lower within the inlet than elsewhere, whereas those ofAgarum cribosumBory,Fucus evanescensC. Agardh, andSargassum muticum(Yendo) Fensholt are essentially the same within and outside of the inlet. For the remaining species studied (Enteromorpha compressa(L.) Greville,E.linza(L.) J. Agardh,E.intestinalis(L.) Link,Monostroma fuscum(Postels & Ruprecht) Wittrock,Ulva lactucaLinnaeus,Navicula grevillei(C. Ag.) Cleve, andBalanus glandulus(Darwin)) there were no comparable distribution data outside of the inlet.Available data suggest the deepening of the upper limits of some algae in Indian Arm reflects their intolerance to the high temperature and low salinity of the surface waters of the inlet.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-004

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Scales began to form on the body of young carp at 16–18 mm in total length. Scales first appeared anteriorly. The first row formed immediately below the lateral line, except for the posterior four or five scales being typically on the line. Later rows formed in succession above and below the first, each beginning anteriorly. Young carp acquired the typical structure and form of the adult fish by 21 mm. Squamation was completed on fish of 22–26 mm. The development of mouth parts, swim bladder, fins, and body scales appeared to be a function of length.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-005

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

In otter-trawl catches of Atlantic halibut (Hippoglossus hippoglossusL.) by research vessels from 1959 to 1964, mature males less than 66 to 70 cm long were not regularly encountered. Males were 96 to 100 cm long before the majority were mature, and females slightly longer. The research catches and commercial samples taken by longline from 1961 to 1963 indicated that spawning occurred at various times during the first half of the year. Halibut up to 30 cm long ate invertebrates; from 30 to 80 cm, invertebrates and fish; and over 80 cm, fish almost exclusively.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-006

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

In unfed adult sockeye salmon,Oncorhynchus nerka, histological examination showed extensive degenerative changes in the thyroid, pancreas, and kidney during gonad development. The more pronounced changes were generally noted in starved fish spawned in the wild. Feeding either prevented (thyroid) or distinctly reduced (pancreas, kidney) these changes in the sexually ripe fish. In fed spent sockeye the thyroid showed little change, the kidney exhibited further deterioration although not as marked as in the corresponding unfed fish, but the pancreas showed marked degenerative changes comparable with those exhibited in the unfed.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-007

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A hatchery release tank was designed which permitted the voluntary release of pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) fry. Fry release was stimulated by rising temperatures and increasing turbidity. Because even relatively immature fry left the tank under these conditions, fry were released only between 0800 and 1000 hr, when both temperature and turbidity were low. After entering the stream, hatchery-produced fry appeared to behave normally. They buried themselves during daytime and, within a few days, moved downstream during the night.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-008

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Total yearly growth of smallmouth bass,Micropterus dolomieuiLacépède, of ages 3–5 in South Bay, Lake Huron, and in several other widely scattered populations was related to mean surface water temperature for the period July through September, more growth being associated with warmer waters. No such relationship was demonstrated for bass of the same ages in Lake Opeongo, Ontario, nor for older bass in Lake Opeongo and South Bay. The difference in the manifestation of a growth–temperature relationship appears to be real, rather than a result of differences in data or treatments of them, and indicates, therefore, that other factors may influence total annual growth as much as, or more than, temperature.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-009

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The thermal regime of South Bay is described from records collected from 1953 to 1962 with thermometers, thermographs, and bathythermographs, the last being cast at 11 stations along the bay and one in Lake Huron. Warming begins in April and thermal stratification is established in June. Shallow areas warm more rapidly than deep in the spring and cool more quickly in autumn. The boundary between the epilimnion and the thermocline becomes sharper as summer advances but the transition from thermocline to hypolimnion remains gradual. The average seasonal trend of surface temperatures is a sine function with a maximum of 66 F in mid August and a minimum of 34 F in late March, though values outside this range occur frequently. At 180 ft the maximum of 47 F is attained in November. At the lake and outermost bay stations there is a temperature slump in June and July which may be due to an upwelling in the lake. Evidence of an exchange of water between the lake and bay is seen in vertical temperature sections and water movements Variations in epilimnial temperatures are correlated with those of the air temperature, but variations in epilimnial and hypolimnial temperatures appear to be unrelated. Finally, literature describing the influence of temperature on the year class strength of smallmouth bass, the distribution of lake trout, the growth of yellow perch, and the life history ofPontoporeiain South Bay is reviewed.

ISSN:0706-652X    

DOI:10.1139/f67-010

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1967

数据来源: NRC