摘要:

The following thiols were tested for their effectiveness in counteracting the systemic toxic action of lewisite (β-chlorovinyldichloroarsine) in the rat: 1- and 2-mercaptopropane, 2-mercaptoethanol, 1,2-dimercaptoethane, 1,2- and 1,3-dimercaptopropane, 1,2,3-trimercaptopropane, 1,2-dimercapto-n-butane, 2,3-dimercaptopropanol, 1,3-dimercapto-2-propanol, 2,2′-dimercaptodiethyl ether, 2,2′-dimercaptodiisopropyl ether, and 3,3′-dimercaptodipropyl ether. The toxicity and volatility of these compounds were also studied.The tests of antidotal activity were conducted by applying the thiol to the skin at a site which had been dosed with approximately twice the LD50of lewisite. Under these conditions the monothiols gave no evidence of antidotal activity whereas all the dithiols and the trithiol studied showed some activity. 2,3-Dimercaptopropanol (BAL) and its isomer, 1,3-dimercapto-2-propanol, were much more effective as antidotes to lewisite than any of the other compounds tested. Not only did 2,3-dimercaptopropanol show a somewhat higher antidotal activity than its isomer, but it was also found to be much less toxic.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr50e-020

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1950

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The functional condition of the thyroid glands of 32 hypertensive subjects was assessed by measurements of the plasma protein bound iodine. These did not differ significantly from those of a control group. No correlation was found within the hypertensive group between the severity of the disorder and the level of the plasma protein bound iodine. It was concluded that the activity of the thyroid gland is not affected by the presence of hypertension.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr50e-021

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1950

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Further investigations have been carried out on the previously reported increase in iodine excretion which occurs following the stress of surgical operations. By means of adrenocorticotrophic hormone it was demonstrated in four subjects that increased activity of the adrenal cortex does not of itself cause an increase in iodine excretion. In six patients subjected to elective surgical procedures it was shown with the aid of radioactive iodine that the inorganic iodide of the body tissues is not the source of increased iodine excretion which follows such operations. Other possible causes and sources of the postoperative increase in iodine excretion are discussed.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr50e-022

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1950

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

An hypothesis is presented to account for the invariable persistence of unagglutinated red blood cells in agglutinated samples even when potent isoagglutinating serum is used. It is postulated that the cells which remain free represent the few which become completely saturated with the agglutinin during the sensitization phase of the reaction. These cells, which amount to only a fraction of a per cent of the total originally present in the sample, are incapable of reacting with one another but can undergo agglutination with fresh cells of the same blood type thus indicating that they are morphologically normal. Evidence is presented in support of the hypothesis. The free-cell count is reproducible provided the agglutinating serum is potent and the conditions of the experiment are standardized. The influence of various factors on the free-cell count, and the usefulness of the count for following changes in the avidity of isoagglutinating serum with time, are discussed.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr50e-023

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1950

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A method has been developed for expressing quantitatively the results of measurements of human skin sensitivity to compounds of the mustard gas type. Using this method a study has been made of induced hypersensitivity tobis(β-chloroethyl)sulphide, and to ethylbis(β-chloroethyl)amine, and of cross reactions involving these two compounds. The relationship between hypersensitivity and the "flare reaction" has been investigated, and a simple method of inducing the latter is reported. A possible significance of these findings in connection with the healing of mustard gas burns is suggested.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr50e-024

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1950

数据来源: NRC