摘要:

Green and seasoned jack pine were found to have an average crude resin content of 4.58% and an ether-soluble of 3.52%. The value of "total acids" present in the resin was the same in each case, but the proportion of "fatty" acids was greater in green wood, while the unsaponifiable matter was considerably less. The seasoned wood contained a lower percentage of fats than the green wood and a correspondingly higher percentage of resin acids. The amount of unsaponifiable, polymerized terpenic substances was also higher. There was a marked decrease in the amounts of phytosterol and "resene" in the seasoned wood.The isolated resin acids obtained by distillation, or esterification, contained a high percentage of abietic acid formed by transformation of the original acids. The percentage of natural (pimaric) acids was, however, quite high in the resin acids isolated by petroleum ether and recrystallized only twice.A higher percentage of crystalline acids was found in the resin acids from green wood than from seasoned, due presumably to change into amorphous products during storage.The fatty constituents were chiefly members of the unsaturated series, present both as free acids, glycerides, or other esters. The seasoned wood contained much less linolic acid in the glycerides than green wood. Oleic acid was present in about the same proportion in both cases; linolenic was present in only very small amount. The free fatty acids had practically the same percentage composition in both green and seasoned wood.The amount of the total unsaturated fatty acids was higher in the glycerides and free acids from green wood than from seasoned wood. The latter was found to contain a high percentage (30.2%) of oxidized acidic material in the fatty glycerides, indicating that extensive polymerization, or decomposition of some kind, had taken place in the fats present in the green wood during the time of seasoning.The quantities of essential oil obtained from the resins of each kind of wood were very small, amounting to 1.5 to 4.3% of the total crude resins. The products showed no difference in properties, or variation in amount, with time of storage of the wood. Owing to the small amount available for investigation, only α-pinene could be identified, although other terpenes may possibly be present.The percentages of phytosterol and resene were extremely small, and were appreciably less in the seasoned than in the green wood. The amount of polymerized terpenic material found in the unsaponifiable matter was much higher in the case of the seasoned wood. This was probably due to extensive polymerization of the essential oil having taken place during the storage of the wood.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-001

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Preliminary results obtained by measuring changes in conductivity of organic acids mixed with aqueous hydrogen peroxide show a rapid though measurable progression to the attainment of a maximum or minimum within an hour. These establish previous findings, and afford a clue to the conductivity of organic peracids.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-002

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The calcium content of timothy and red clover hays was found to increase directly as the total calcium content of the clay loam soils in which they were grown, and to decrease as the "lime requirement" of these soils increases. There is no proportionate increase of protein nor of phosphorus as the calcium content of the hays increases.The timothy hays from the area investigated are extremely low in calcium content but are otherwise normal. The ratiosandfor these timothy hays are, respectively, abnormally low and abnormally high. These values appear to be normal in the red clover hays.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-003

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A narrow and distinct arch of light was observed to stretch across the sky overhead from East to West, remaining steady in position for some forty minutes. A photograph, on microscopic examination, showed an unexpected fine structure that was not observed visually.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-004

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The work of French and Kahlenberg on gas-metal electrode potentials suggested that the potentials obtained at inert metal electrodes immersed in growing cultures of bacteria, and generally regarded as an oxidation-reduction phenomenon, might be of a similar type.This has been tested by passing air, hydrogen, nitrogen and carbon dioxide through sterile beef broth and observing the potentials developed at platinum, gold, and mercury electrodes. It is shown that air causes a rise in potential at all three electrodes; hydrogen causes a marked fall in potential at the platinum and a slight change at the gold and mercury electrodes; nitrogen and carbon dioxide cause little or no change in the potential at the three electrodes. These changes are in agreement with French and Kahlenberg's results except in the case of the mercury electrode which is shown to react chemically with the broth.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-005

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

In these studies the natural microflora of the black loam soil typical of the Edmonton district of Alberta had a marked inhibitive action on the development of the wheat foot-rotting fungusHelminthosporium sativumwhen the latter was grown directly in this soil. The severity of foot-rot infection of wheat seedlings caused by this pathogene was correspondingly reduced as a result of this action. A trace of unsterilized soil serving as a source of the saprophytic soil organisms had almost as great an influence as a relatively large amount. A similar effect onFusarium graminearum, another fungous pathogene which causes loot-rot of wheat, is indicated.Bacteria, actinomycetes and fungi isolated from black soil each had a suppressive action onH.sativumin the soil and reduced the severity of foot-rot infection caused by it, but the fungi were considerably more effective than the bacteria and actinomycetes tested. A combination of all of these organisms produced the most marked effect and one equivalent to that produced by the organisms of unsterilized soil.The significance of the results in connection with the foot-rot problem of wheat is briefly discussed and their possible bearing on other plant diseases caused by soil-borne pathogenes is mentioned.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr31-006

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1931

数据来源: NRC