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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, Vol. 22, No. 315 |
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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, London,
Volume 22,
Issue 315,
1906,
Page 263-277
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摘要:
lssued 12/ 11/06 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. VOl. 22. No. 315. Thursday, November lst, 1906, at 8.30 p.m. Professor R. MELDOLA, F.R.S., President, in the Chair, The PRESIDENTreferred to the loss sustained by the Society through the death, on October 19th, of Geh. Rath Professor Fedor Beilstein, who was elected an Honorary and Foreign Member on February lst, 1883. Messrs. H. R. Cooper, F. E. E. Lamplough, and W. H. Rawles were formally admitted Fellows of the Society. Certificates were read for the first time in favour of Messrs. : Richard Abegg, Ph.D., Landbergstrasse 4,Breslau, Germany. William Heath Bayliss, Brewery House, Ashwell, Herts. Charles George Edgar Farmer, 16, Herbert Crescent, S.W. David Paton Grubb, B.Sc., Windsor Hill, Newry.John Hamer, 44,Sugden Road, Clapham Common, S.W. Alexander Edmund Middleton, 112, South Park Road, Wimbledon, s.w. Arthur Higgs Morris, 77, Beverly Road, Bolton, Lancs. Arthur Percival Newton, B.Sc., Red Cot, Coulsdon, Surrey. Benjamin Dawson Porritt, 33, South Park Hill, South Croydon. Herbert Stanley Redgrove, 137-140, Tottenham Court Road, W. William R. R. Starling, 23, Magdalen Road, Norwich. 264 Of the following papers, that marked * was read : “190. ‘‘A development of the atomic theory which correlates chemical and crystalline structure and leads to a demonstration of the nature of valency.” By William Barlow and William Jackson Pope. The authors represent atoms in the combined state by (‘spheres of influence,” and inquire how such spheres can be close-packed in a homogeneously symmetrical manner so as accurately to simulate crys- talline compounds.An examination of the geometrical properties of close-packed assemblages of spheres shows that the atoms of the elements must be represented by spheres of influence directly pro- portional in volume to their fundamental valencies, and that a close- packed assemblage built up of spheres of the appropriate sizes, so as to represent some particular compound, can be partitioned into units identical with the chemical molecule, and possesses symmetry and dimensions compatible with those of the crystalline substance. A detailed inquiry concerning benzene, triphenylmethane, naphtha- lene, anthracene, and their derivatives, shows that, with the inclusion of the above assumption, all the requisite data are available for pre-cisely determining the configuration of the benzene molecule.The configuration deduced is in accordance with the crystallographic and chemical evidence and leads to an explanation of the meta-, ortho- para-law of substitution, and of other previously unexplained features of the chemistry of aromatic substances. In addition to the geometrical property, which demonstrates that valency is a volume relation, it is shown that close-packed homogeneous assemblages of spheres possess others which lead to simple physical interpretations of multivalency and tautomerism. It is also indicated that ethylenic and acetylenic bonds and isomerism have complete analogues in peculiarities of homogeneous assemblages of spheres.The relations briefly indicated above have been worked out in detail and are shown to be in entire agreement with the quantitative evidence afforded by the crystallographic measurements of the compounds con-cerned. DISCUSSION. Prof. ARMSTRONG,after expressing his opinion that the communica- tion was one of altogether fundamental importance, in the first place referred to it as showing the extreme value to chemists of the study of crystallography-a subject of which hitherto relatively far too little notice had been taken. It was to be hoped that a sense of proportion would begin to prevail and that the study of form would now receive 265 proper attention.The success with which the authors appeared to have correlated crystalline form with structure was very remarkable especially their determination of the manner in which water or other complexes became attached in one particular direction to a molecule- slabwise. Perhaps the most important feature of the communication and the most interesting to chemists, at present, was the manner in which valency mas accounted for as a volume property and a very ingenious explanation given of varying valency. In particular, he had been struck, when discussing the work with Prof. Pope, by the explanation which was given of the departure from the ordinary law of increase or decrease of valency by two units at a time (the law of odd or even valency) observed in the case of the simpler compounds of an element-as in the oxides of nitrogen, for example, Hitherto chemists had been forced to deal with variation of valency simply as a fact; they were now, for the first time, presented with an explanation of the cause of variation and of the manner in which this was effected. Another point of extreme interest was the view put forward that it could not be supposed that elements preserved a constant ‘‘atomic volume,” since it was often found, in cases in which the introduction of a radicle involved an alteration in volume, that the complex changed as a whole, the original form being preserved, alteration taking place proportionally along each axis. Like the theory of structure at present in use, the mode of treat-ment now advocated did not enable us to deal with the dynamical side of chemical phenomena; it was to be regarded as an amplification of that theory, not as over-riding it or as proving it to be in any way inconsequent.The opportunities it afforded of discussing problems which had eluded our grasp hitherto appeared to be very numerous. Mr. JOHNCASTELL-EVANSasked whether he had rightly understood Prof. Pope’s statement relative to the substitution of two or more spheres for one? As he understood it, Prof. Pope seemed to say ‘‘that if from a closely packed aggregation of spheres one individual sphere of volume m be removed, the resulting cavity could be filled by ni spheres each of unit volume and the ‘close packing’ be still preserved.” This is not the case; if a cube, say, be described about the sphere of volume m, then into this cube m unit spheres could be packed, but certainly not into the cavity left by the removal of the original sphere.Mr. BALYpointed out that the particular asseniblageiof atoms adopted by Prof. Pope for the benzene molecule would onlyiexist in the benzene crystal. In the liquid state the molecule of benzene would probably not exist in the rigid condition pictured by the authors; there mould seem to be no doubt that the molecule possesses an inherent tendency to vibrate, this tendency being dependent very largely on the temperature. Probably the melting point of a crystal marks the temperature at which the tendency to vibrate on the part of the molecules overcomes the elastic energy of the crystalline form.Inasmuch as the reactions of benzene and its compounds usually take place with the substance in solution or in the liquid scate, any property based only on the rigid structure in the crystnl would not necessarily hold good. For example, the authors base an explanation of the ortho-, meta-, and para-substitution on this rigid structure. Owing to the dynamic condition obtaining during reactions this explanation would seem to fall to the ground. Mr. WOOLHOUSEexpressed surprise that in the complex NaNO, the element C with a volume of 4 could replace the N with a volume of 3, and that the element Ca with a volume of 2 could replace the Na with a volume of 1, and yet calcite could have such a similarity of crystalline form, as it is known to have, to that of sodium nitrate.Although the replacement of N by C might leave the x, y, x ratios the same in spite of the increase of each, still the substitution of Ca for Ka must result in an alteration of shape of the complex, resulting in the increase of at least one of these values. Prof. MIERS,speaking as a crystallographer, stated his conviction that the new theory propounded by the authors was destined to be of immense value in the problems of crystal structure. Crystallographers were accustomed to treat these as statical problems, and (largely owing to the researches of Mr. Barlow) feel fairly confident that they now know something of the manner in which the crystalline material is arranged.The principle of packing was liable to suspicion so long as there was no clue to the nature of the units, but had now acquired quite a new meaning with the valency volumes to indicate the dimensions of the bodies to be packed: so that we might now hope to realise a true model of the crystal structure. The case of the Humite group, in which the increase of an axis is absolutely proportional to the valency volume of the introduced radicle, was in his opinion a very convincing one. The theory was one of profound interest to all students of crystals. Dr. TUTTONsaid that he considered a notable advance had been made by the authors of this paper, which furnished another example of the advantages of the study of crystallography by chemists, an object which he had long been striving to further.There appeared to be three salient points in the work, the results of which were laid before the Society that evening. The first mas the emphasis of the individual influence of the atom as distinguished from the properties of the molecule as a whole, and the influence of certain predominating atoms 267 in particular in determining those properties. This had been one of the chief results of his (Dr. Tutton’s) own work on the sulphates and selenates, and the present work was based on that now absolutely incontrovertible foundation. The second point was that the teaching of the “topic axial ratios,” introduced to the Society by him (Dr.Tutton) in the year 1894, simultanemsly with and independently of Dr. Muthmann in the Zeitschrijt fur Krystallographie,was now advanced by the authors of the present paper a step fnrther, inssmuch as in the formulae for those ratios the term V respecting the molecular volume would now be replaced by W, the valency volume. Not only did this involve the remarkable geometrical explanation of valency which had been explained to them, hut, and this was the third point which the speaker desired to emphasise, it enabled the ratios in question to be no longer confined to exhibiting in a highly instructive manner the structural relationships between the members of the same series of isomorphous compounds, but connected various series together and indeed, in general, enabled comparisons to be made between compounds of totally dissimilar, as well as of similar, nature.It was, therefore, obvious that a great advance in the correlation of chemical composition and crystalline form had been made. Mr. W. BARLOWpointed out that the spheres employed to picture the equilibrium conditions of the atoms must not be regarded as actually existent in nature; the actual spheres of influence of the atoms are not supposed to be separated by interstices, and the models are merely the best means that the authors have found for expressing, in a concrete form, the results of their resewches. The balls used to represent the atomic spheres of influence should be made of solid soft india-rubber, so as to be elastic and deformable, but not compressible, and the close-packed assemblages, composed of balls of appropriate sizes, should be compressed to an extent which will practically annul the interstices.Prof. POPEstated that in the substitutions referred to by Mr. Evans, the interstitial space is regarded as available for occupation by the new contents of the cavity. The total space available for the substituting spheres is thus not spherical, but of the irregular shape bounded by the curved surfaces of the enveloping spheres. The series of substitutions as a result of which the NaNO, assemblage is converted into that of CaCO, can be performed so that the crystalline form changes but slightly, although the equivalence parameters x,y, and x increase, but remain equal to one another in accordance with the rhombohedra1 symmetry. It is not claimed that the rigid assemblage of solid spheres reyre- sents accurately the condition of crystalline benzene ; the spheres of atomic influence may well be regarded as domains of considerable 268 dynamic activity.The existence of ''liquid crystals " suggests that much symmetry of arrangement occurs transiently in liquids generally, and the uniformity of chemical reaction in solution must be largely attributable to symmetry of arrangement as between reacting molecules. There is no reason to suppose that considerable change in molecular configuration attends the liquefaction of benzene ;as the suggested mode of regarding the meta-and ort ho-para-law only postulates symmetry of arrangement, it appears to be perfectly valid.191. ''Synthesis of carvestrene. Preliminary notice." By William Henry Perkin, jun., and George Tattersall. When 92-hydroxybenzoic acid is reduced by means of alcohol and sodium, it is converted into hexahydro-m-hydroxybenzoic acid, which crystallises from ether and melts at 130-132' (compare Einhorn, Annaien, 1896, 291, 298). Oxidation with potassium bichromate and sulphuric acid converts this hydroxy-acid into y-keto-hexnhydrobenxoic acid, which had previously been obtained only in the form of a syrup. (Baeyer and Tutein, Ber., 1889, 22,2182 ;Einhorn, Zoc. cit., p. 304 ; Goodwin and Perkin, I'runs., 1905, 87, 852). It crystallises from benzene in glistening prisms, melts at 75-76", distils at 210' (25 mm.), and yields a semicarbuxone melting at 182-183' with decomposition.Ethyl y-ketohexahydrobenxoate (b. p. 150" under 30 mm.) reacts with magnesium methyl iodide with the formation of the lactone of y-hydroxyhexahydro-m-toZuicacid, ,0--co a colourless oil which distils at 145O (20 mm.), and when heated with hydrobromic acid is quantitatively converted into y-b?.omohexcchydro-which, so far, has only been obtained in the form of a syrup. It readily loses hydrogen bromide when treated with pyridine, and is 269 converted into a tetrahydro-m-toluicacid of boiling point 142-1 44O (15 mm.), which probably has the constitution The ester of this acid (b. p. 128” under 60 mm.) reacts readily with magnesium methyl iodide, and is almost quantitatively converted into Al-m-rnentheno2(8), which had not previously been prepared.This tertiary alcohol distils at 110--112° (30 mm.), has a pleasant odour of menthol and terpineol, and when digested with potassium hydrogen sulphate is almost quantitatively decomposed with elimination of water and formation of cayvestvent?, The hydrocarbon thus obtained distilled at 179-180O and yielded a dilqdrocidoi-ide, C,oH,,,2HC1, melting at 52.5”, and a dihydi*obromide, CI,H1,,2HBr,melting at 48”. Its solution in acetic anhydride was coloured deep blue by the addition of sulphuric acid. Since these properties coincide exactly with those of carvestrene, which Baeyer (Ber., 1894, 27, 3488) first prepared by the distillation of vestrylamine hydrochloride, and which Baeyer and Villiger (Ber., 1898, 31, 1402) subsequently proved to belong to the nz-cymene series, there can be little doubt that the above experiments are to be regarded as a synthesis of this important terpene.192. ‘‘ Some derivatives of catechol, pyrogallol, benzophenone, and of substances allied to the natural colouring matters.” ByWilliam Henry Perkin, jun., and Carl Weizmann. This communication contains the description of the preparation and properties of a number of new substances obtained at different times in connection with researches on the constitution of brazilin, hsematoxylin, and other natural colouring matters. 193. “Experiments on the synthesis of the terpenes.Part IX. The preparation of cyclopentanone-Scarboxylic acid and of cyclohexanone-4-carboxylic acid (6-ketohexahydrobenzoic acid).” By Francis William Kay and William Henry Perkin, jun. When ethyl butane-apStricarboxylate, C0,Et *CH,-CH( CO,Et)*CH,*CH,*CO,Et, 270 is heated with sodium and the product acidified, it yields ethpl cyclo-pentnnone-2 :4-dica~boxyZate,CO,Et*CH< CH,*YO a colourless CH,*CH*CO,Et' oil, which distils at 166' (18 mm.), and, when digested with dilute sulphuric acid, is readily hydrolysed with elimination of carbon dioxide and format ion of cyclopenntnnone-3-cc~~ox~~Zic cccid, L.4 This new acid melts at 65O, and yields an oxime (m. p. 141') and a semicccrbaxone (m. p.195'). When ethyl pentane-ayetricarboxylate, CO,Et*CH,*CH,*CH(CO,Et)*CH,*CH,* CO,Et, is treated with sodium, it is converted in a similar manner into etlql cyclohexanone-2 :4-dicarboxylate7 CH, --which distils at 180' (20 mm.), and, on hydrolysis with dilute sul- phuric acid, yields 8-ketohexahydrobenzoic acid, this method of preparation being much more uonvenient than that previously described (Trccns., 1904, 85,418). The authors wish to reserve the further investigation of the substances described in this preliminary communication. 194. '(The hydrolysis of 'nitrocellulose ' and ' nitroglycerine '." By Oswald Silberrad and Robert Crosbie Farmer. The authors have studied the hydrolysis of nitrocellulose, nitro-glycerine,and mixtures of the two in the form of cordite and ballistite.The hydrolysis is complicated by the simultaneous reduction of the nitric acid, as shown by (1) the formation of large quantities of nitrites, (2) the degradation of the cellulose and glycerol to hydroxy-acids, &c., (3) the abnormally high saponification equivalents found (9.2 to 9.5 for pentanitrocellulose and 4.85 for nitroglycerine), (4) the abnormality of the velocity curves. Intermediate products are formed which are gradually acted on by the alkali; these are practically insoluble in water and do not give rifie to free acid when left in contact with water for several days. With the aid of velocity determinations with varying quantities of gun-cotton, a formula was deduced whereby the velocity was calculated with which the reaction would occur if perfect diffusion took place.The following results were obtained when gun-cotton was suspended in 400 C.C. of acid or alkali at 37-89 27 1 Velocity (gram-equiv. of acid liberated per hour).hGrams of Concentration of /-7 gnn-cotton. H or OH ions. Calculated. Found. (1) Hydrolysis by Baiytcb #ohtion. 3.10 4 *97 0-197 0.391 0.0035 0-0051 0,0033 0.0053 20.42 0.096 0.0070 0.0071 22.10 m 0.189 1’000 0 ’0144 0.168 0’0142 - (2) Hydrolysis by Nitric Acid. 5-10 0.821 0*00018 0*00018 10.00 0’821 0*00022 0~00021 20-35 0-821 0 ’00025 0 ‘00024 00 1-000 0 ‘000347 - From the limiting velocities thus determined, it was calculated that the hydrolysis of nitrocellulose will take place with the minimum velocity when the concentration of the hydrogen ions is 3.7 x 10-6and that of the hydroxyl ions 7.8 x gram-equivalents per litre.Under these conditions, the hydrolysis will proceed with such a velocity as to liberate 5.6 x gram-equivalents of acid per litre of water per year. 195. “The acidic constants of some ureides and uric acid derivatives.” By John Kerfoot Wood. The investigation was undertaken with the object of determining the influence of other groups on the acidity of the imino-group. In compounds which contain the grouping *CO*NH-CO*NH*CO-,there appears to be a mutual reinforcement of the imino-groups, analogous to the reinforcement of the carboxyl groups in succinic acid.Divergent results were obtained with barbituric and C-ethylbarbituric acids, the dissociation constants of which are many times greater than those of the other substances investigated ; this high acidity is due to the CH, or CH(C,H,) group. 196. ‘‘The affinity constants of xanthine and its methyl derivatives.” By John Kerfoot Wood. The author described the results of determinations OC the basic and acidic con8tants of xanthine, 7-methylxanthine, the three isomeric dimethylxantbines, and caffeine. There is no great variation in the values of the basic constants, but a very striking difference in the values of the acidic constants is to be noticed. The dimethylxanthines, especially paraxanthine and theophylline, are stronger acids than any 272 of the other members of the series.Moreover, when the results for the three dimethylxanthines are compared amongst themselves, it is seen that they are not in agreement with the constitutions of the isomerides. The conclusion is drawn that these results are to be explained by a stereochemical influence exerted by the two methyl groups, the influence varying in magnitude according to the positions in the xanthine nucleus which the methyl groups occupy. 197. The explosive combustion of hydrocarbons. 11.” By William Arthur Bone, Julien Drugman, and George William Andrew. The authors have further examined the phenomena associated with the “inflammation ” of mixtures of ethane or ethylene and oxygen corresponding to C,H, + 0, and 3C,H4+ 20, respectively, by a method which allows of discrimination between the various products according as they arise at an earlier or later stage in the flame.In each case, steam, aldehydes, ethylene, and acetylene are prominent during the initial stages of combustion, whilst carbon is a later product. Steam is so rapidly decomposed by carbon at high temperatures that pro- longed duration of the flame diminishes the quantity of water which separates on cooling. The authors have also succeeded in producing ‘‘detonation ’’ in mixtures of ethane, or butane, and oxygen corresponding to C‘,H6+0, and C4H,,,+20, respectively, at initial pressures of 900 mm. and upwards. The mechanism of combustion under these conditions does not, however, appear to be essentially different from what it is in ordinary flames.198. ‘‘ Contributions to the theory of solutions. I. The nature of the molecular arrangement in aqueous mixtures of the lower alcohols and acids of the paraffin series. XI. Molecular com- plexity in the liquid state. 111. Theory of the intermiscibility of liquids.” By John Bolmes. The author has determined the relative densities of mixtures of carbon disulphide with ethyl- and 1%-propyl-alcohols respectively, and of pyridino with water and ethyl alcohol. From a consideration of the nature of the volumetric changes occurring in these and other mixtures of liquids, it is concluded that the sphere OF activity of a molecule is not an invariable function of the molecular volume, as ascertained from its molecular weight and specific gravity.273 On these changes the author bases a theory of intermiscibility, depending on differences in the degree of repulsion between liquid molecules, 199. The relation between natural and synthetical glyceryl- phosphoric acids. Part 11.” By Frank Tutin and Archie Cecil Osborn Ham. With the object of ascertaining the nature of the natural and fiynthetical glycerylphosphoric acids, the authors have synthesised the unsymmetrical or a-acid, OH*CH,-CH(0H)*CH2*O*PO3H2,and the symmetrical or P-acid, (CH,*OH),:CH*O-PO,H,, and have compared the barium and brucine salts with the corresponding salts of the natural and synthetical acids. a-Glycerylphosphoric acid was prepared by the action of phosphoric acid on P-dichlorohydrin and subsequent hydrolysis of the product./3-Glycerylphosphoyic acid was prepared by the hydrolysis of P-diglyceryZphosphoric acid (m. p. of calcium salt, 249-250°), which had been obtained by the action OF phosphoryl chloride on a-dichloro-hydrin and subsequent hydrolysis of the product. The racemised natural acid was prepared by the hydrolysis of egg lecithin with hot baryta solution. The synthetical acid was obtained from glycerol and phosphoric acid under such conditions as had been previously shown to give only the mono-ester. The barium salts of these acids differ considerably in appearance, solubility, and in the amount of water they contain. The brucine salts differ in the amount of their water of crystallisation, but all melt at 157-159”, and not at 18l0, as stated by Carre (Compt.rend., 1903, 137,1070). It is concluded from the results of this investigation that the natural and synthetical glycerylphosphoric acids are differently con- stituted mixtures of the a-and P-acids. 200. 64Thiocarbonic acid and some of its salts.” By Ida Guenevere ODonoghue and Zelda Kahan. Thiocarbonic acid has been prepared by the cautious addition of calcium thiocarbonate to cold concentrated hydrochloric acid. It is a heavy, red oil, boiling with decomposition at SO’, and on distillation under diminished pressure decomposes into carbon disulphide, hydro- gen sulphide, and sulphur. Thiocarbonic acid expels carbon dioxide from carbonates, and on txeatment with metallic sodium or potassium 274 yields the corresponding salts.The normal metallic thiocarbonates are formed by the action of the salts of weak acids on thiocarbonic acid, and are constituted similarly to the corresponding carbonates. The acid has therefore the formula H2CS,. The salts are very unstable both in air and in a vacuum, some decompose quantitatively into carbon disulphide and metallic sulphide, whilst others give, under similar conditions, a variety of basic compounds. 201. '(Studies in optical superposition. Part 11." By Thomas Stewart Patterson and John Kaye. Di-Z-menthyl I-tartrate, di-Z-menthyl diacety 1-Z-tartrate, and sodium I-menthyl I-tartrate have been prepared and examined in regard to their optical activity, both in the homogeneous condition, so far as possible, and also in solution.The results are discussed in connection with the problem of optical superposition. 202. Optically active dibydrophthalic acid." By Allen Neville. When the hydrogen strychnine salt of trans-A3:5-dihydrophthalic acid is fractionally crystallised from alcohol, the acid is resolved into its lavo- and dextro-isomerides. These melt at 122' and do not lose weight at 100'. They are readily soluble in alcohol, fairly so in ether .or chloroform, and insoluble in water. They have [.ID about 126' in alcohol and about 140°in chloroform. Heated with water or alkali, they pass to the optically inactive A2'6-modification and, warmed with acetic anhydride, are transformed 40 the c&3-A3'5-modification of dihydrophthalic acid.275 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. I. Doncctions. Alexeyeff, 2’. General principles of organic syntheses. Authorised translation with revision and additions by J. iMerritt Matthews. pp. viii + 246. New York 1906. (Recd. 29/9/06.) From the Publishers : Messrs. John Wiley & Sons. Berthelot, Marcelliiz. Archkologie et histoire des sciences. pp. 377. Paris 1906. (Recd. 23/7/06.) From the Author. Brown, S. E. A practical chemistry note-book for matriculation and army candidates. pp. 4’7. ill. London 1906. (Recd. 28/9/06.) From the Publishers : Messrs. iMethiien & Co. Church [Arthu~Herbert]. Church’s laboratory guide. A manual of practical Ohemistry .. . specially arranged for agricultural students. Revised and partly rewritten by Edwrtrd Kinch. Eighth edition. pp. xvi + 349. London 1906. (Recd. 5/10/06.) From Professor E. Kinch. Grossmann, J. Ammonia and its compounds. pp. xi + 151. London 1906. (Red 28/9/06.) From the Publishers : Messrs. Harper & Brothers. Guttmann, Oscar. Monumenta Pulveris Pyrii. Reproductions of ancient pictures concerning the history of gunpowder, with explanatory notes. [Explanatory notes, 34 pp. 104 illustrations on 94 pp.) Printed for the Author at the Artists’ Press, Balham, S.W. London 1906. (Reference.) From the Author, Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. Herausgegeben von R. Abegg. Band 111. Abteilung I. pp. x+466. Leipzig 1906. (Reference.) From the Publisher : S.Hirzel. Institute of Chemistry. A list of official chemical appointments held in Great Britain and Ireland, in India and the Colonies. Corn-piled . , , by Richard B. Pilcher. pp. 123. London 1906. (Recd. 17/7/06.) From the Institute. McCrudden, Francis H. Uric acid : the chemistry, physiology, and pathology of uric acid and the physiologically important purin bodies ;with a discussion of the metabolism in gout. pp. xi+ 318. New York [1906]. (Recd. 29/9/06.) From thetPublisher : Paul B. Hoeber. Pellet, H. 0 acido salicylic0 e a questgo dos vinhos Portuguezes no Brazil eiii 1900. Vertida para Portuguez por A. J.Ferreira da Silva. pp. xxiii + 521. Coimbra 1906. (Recd. 14/8/06.) From the Translator. 276 Schrgver, Sainuel Barnett.Chemistry of the albumens. Ten lectures delivered in the Michaelmas Term, 1904, in the Physiological Department of University Colleg., London. pp. 192. London 1906. (Recd. 7/10/06.) From the Author. Smith, W.Cccrlton. Lecture-notes on chemistry for dental students. pp. viii+273. ill. New York 1906. (Recd. 11/7/06.) From the Publishers : Messrs. John Wiley (r: Sons. Strunz, Franx. Ueber die Vorgeschichte und die Anfinge der Chemie. Eine Einleitung in die Geschichte der Chemie cles Altertums. pp. viii + 69. Leipzig und Wien 1906. (Recd. 20/8/06.) From the Publisher : Franz Deuticke. Woods, Hugh. Bther : a theory of the nature of aether and of its place in the universe. pp. xii + 100. London 1906. (Recd.13/8/06.) From the Author. 11. By Purchuse. American Electrochemical Society. Transactions. Vol. 1-111. Philadelphia 1902-3. (Reference.) Ditte, Alfred. Etude ghnhrale des sels. 2 vols. pp. vii + 304, 383. Paris 1906. (Recd. 11/7/06.) 111. Pamphlets. Guarini, Emile. L’ozone. pp. 24. Paris [1906]. Losanitsch, 8. M. Die Grenzen des periodischen Systems der chemischen Elemente. pp. 30. Belgrad 1906. Mingage, John C. H., and White, Harold P. Analyses of artesian and sub-artesian waters in New South Wales. pp. 5. Sydney 1906. Rydberg, J. R. Elektron, der erste Grundstoff. pp. 30. Lund 1906. RESEaRCH FUND. A Meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in December next. Applications for grants, to be made on forms which can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, must be received on, or before, Monday, 10th December, 1906.Those Fellows who received grants in December, 1905, or whose grants, allotted in December of previous years, have not been closed, are reminded that reports must be in the hands of the Hon. Sec-retaries not later than Saturday, 1st December next. ERRATA. PROCEEDINGS,1906, p. 260. Lines 12 and 13 from top, for ‘I disulphide” read ‘‘ethyl sodium thio- sulphate.” ,, 13 from top, jor ‘‘ ‘ the ’ mercaptan ” reud ‘‘ some ’ mercaptan.” ,, 14 from top,fo~(( cm.” read dcm.” At the next Ordinary Meeting, on Thursday,November 15th, 1906, at 8.30 p.m., the following papers will be communicated : “The determination of the rate of chemical change by measure-ment of gases evolved.” By F. E. E. Lamplough. Xanthoxalanil and its analogues.” By S. Ruhemann. R. CLAY AND SONS, LTD., BREAD STREET BILL, E.C., AND BUSGAY, YUFFOLIZ.
ISSN:0369-8718
DOI:10.1039/PL9062200263
出版商:RSC
年代:1906
数据来源: RSC
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