ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.898

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.900

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The historical relation between Durkheimian and Marxist social theory, as one of “mutual disregard,” is indicated. A Marxist criticism of the general orientation of Durkheim's sociology is then outlined, and this is followed by a more detailed critical examination of Durkheim's conception of the state and of the moral regulation of society. Finally, the value of Durkheim's sociology for understanding present day societies is scrutinized.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.902

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

We argue that both Weber and Durkheim are theoretically committed to similar liberal values: the concern for the free individual and the belief that individuals should participate actively in social life. Each embrace democracy as the political form best suited to promote the realm of individual freedom. Their common ideological commitments give away to two different analytic theories of democracy because of their different empirical assessments of the possibilities for individual freedom in modern society. Weber's pessimism promotes a formal theory of democracy; political inclusion is the central feature of modern democratic orders. Durkheim's faith in modern society leads to a substantive theory of democracy characterized by moral integration. We further argue that Weber has been most influential in political sociology; concern for formal structures of rule has predominated over Durkheimian substantive concerns. We address the contemporary problem of democratic instability and suggest that our understanding could benefit from a largely neglected Durkheimian analysis.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.918

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The opposition between phenomenological sociology and Durkheimian sociology is not as absolute as it is often presented. The various ways in which Durkheim's work has been read by phenomenological authors throughout the last fifty years testify to a development toward greater proximity, implying changes in phenomenologists' interpretation of Durkheim as well as in their own starting points.Beginning with an exposition of one of the most antithetical stands towards Durkheim, the article points out different phases of the aforementioned development: (1) A more or less totalopposition;(2) A positive view of thechallengethat phenomenologists can find in Durkheim's work and an attempt toincorporateit into their own viewpoints without really changing the latter; (3) Asimultaneous reinterpretationof Durkheim's sociologism and the phenomenological notions of subjectivity and intentionality, on the common basis of a renewed insight into thecorporealcharacter of human social phenomena.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.951

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Stipulating that an adequate integrated paradigm for sociology must embrace two basic social dimensions, macro- to micro-social and the objective— subjective aspects of social life, we ask whether Durkheim's work meets these requirements. We find that although his work can contribute to this end (with its recognition of multiple levels of reality, the relations among these levels and their change through history, and with its marked contributions at the macro-subjective level) it is nonetheless an inadequate exemplar for an integrated paradigm. His work is marred by one-way causal attributions, by an overemphasis on the macro-subjective level, by an undeveloped conception of human nature, and a restricted view of science.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.966

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Beginning with Durkheim and surveying representative works in social anthropology that reflect the Durkheimian perspective, this paper traces the movement from a sociologistic to a culturalistic emphasis. A classical period of structuralist-functionalist initiated by Malinowski and Radcliffe-Brown was followed by two developments: a dynamicist school, which elaborated the processual aspect of the social order in relation to culture, and a social structuralist school, which elaborated the structural aspect. From the second derived the cultural structuralist approach, which treats cultural structure rather independently of society; Claude Lévi-Strauss and his Anglo-American counterparts represent this development.A concluding section considers possibilities for new paradigms that both synthesize and transcend previous trends.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.996

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The full theoretical potential of Durkheim's ideas on crime and punishment has not been developed by his followers, who have focused on his earlier, less defensible formulations at the expense of his later, more significant developments. while labeling theory and functionalist approaches have drawn heavily on Durkheim's work, his contribution to an evolutionary theory of crime and punishment has only recently begun to attract attention. It is argued that a reformulated Durkheimian model needs to be developed before further progress towards an adequate evolutionary theory may be achieved.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.1009

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Although relegated to a minor place in his writings, Durkheim did consider aspects of sexuality and sexual regulations as basic features of social organization. This paper begins with an examination of sexual anomie inSuicide.Durkheim uncovered some unexpected data as to which sex really benefits from the institution of marriage but did not draw out the implications of his findings because, we suggest, the findings were too anomalous in terms of the bourgeois worldview of his period.Yet the notion of sexual anomie is heuristic in approaching features of contemporary society that involve transformations in sexual relations and sexual identity. In addition to structural changes and deregulations in sexual relations, attention is also given to ideological ones, such as expressions of an ideology of “androgyny.” We conclude that the question and meaning of sexual relations will become a central concern for the social order of advanced modernity, and therefore should be reconsidered as a major variable in societal change.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.1025

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/59.4.1054

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1981

数据来源: OUP