摘要:

The hypothesis that urban social structure is a single hierarchy may be tested by two approaches. First, conventional scaling theory can be used, for example Guttman scaling theory. Classes are represented as respondents and status symbols are represented as items in this approach. Second, the frequency of equal status contacts among members of different classes can be used by deriving behavioral measures of the items on the Bogardus social distance scale and testing to see if the greater the distance between two classes on the scale, the less likely the frequncy of contact—a Guttman simplex pattern.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573164

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The local-cosmopolitan dimension refers to the scale of social environment in which the individual sees himself. Locals view themselves primarily as members of the local community, while cosmopolitans are more aware of their relationships to larger social organizations. Locals and cosmopolitans among political leaders and residents of sixteen suburban communities were identified by their consistency of response on a five item local-cosmopolitan scale. Localistic attitudes were found to be inversely related to status. Political leaders at the municipal level appeared to be more localistic in outlook than their constituents. Local-cosmopolitan attitudes were also found to be related to varying opinions in three current metropolitan problem areas, transportation, municipal jointure, and zoning.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573165

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This paper discusses some basic shifts in the color composition of cities and total metropolitan areas in the United States. Special attention is given to regional variations throughout this country. Each of the fifty largest cities in the United States evidenced large increases over the last decade in the proportion nonwhite. When considering the total SMSA, however, important regional differences are noted. Outside the South, an overwhelming majority of the metropolitan areas experienced sizeable relative gains in the number of nonwhites; in the South, over six out of every ten SMSA's hadlowerproportions nonwhite in 1960 than in 1950.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573166

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

A study of Negro housing in Toledo, Ohio tested some common assumptions about race and housing and discovered a post-war transition from renter to owner status for the Negro. The study explored the means by which Negro families had financed purchases of homes, the quality of the homes, comparative prices, and the economic status of the Negro families concerned. Some implications of these findings are noted.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573167

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This paper presents a comparative typological analysis of ten communities where Air Force Bases were located. Data for the analysis were secured from questionnaires, field interviewers with local dominants, census data, and historical records. Utilizing pattern analysis, the ten communities were found to cluster into four “types.” Materials from the interviews with local leaders and “top” base officers were analyzed, and distinctive types of interaction processes between the base and its host community were revealed. Four types of interaction processes were identified for the ten communities. Thus, two typologies, one of the process and one based on structure were developed. In all cases the bases in any given structural type also fell into the same process type.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573168

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Persons in leadership positions in a village confronted with urbanism (1) expected change, and (2) possessed rather definite concepts concerning the form the change will take. However, they preferred developments other than those they expected, and they thought of themselves as better prepared to assist in developing the preferred (rather than the expected) changes.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573169

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The theory of the demographic transition is proposed as a theory with considerable generality. A systematic statement of the theory is suggested including not only trends of birth and death rates but also concomitant changes in form and size of family, differential fertility, differential mortality, sex ratio, age composition, occupational distribution, and residential patterns.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573170

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Migrating sects are frequently disorganized, making them very unlike the ideal-typical, “stationary,” sect, a cohesive body of “intimate personal fellowship.” It is suggested that: (1) the sect's cohesion is based on value-consensus, not collective interdependence, (2) value-consensus is insufficient to hold together a migrating sect, and (3) intense value-consensus may even contribute to the sect's disorganization by: (a) minimizing the importance of subsistence problems inevitable in the migration setting, thus making less likely their solution, and (b) moving sectarians to define conflicts in ideological terms, thus leading to schism and defection. The argument is illustrated from early Norwegian immigration.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573171

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

In achieving economic goals a prison administration devised threat and exchange systems to insure inmate cooperation. Subsequently, a rehabilitation administration attempted to eliminate differentials in privileges and deprivations. Elements of power and prestige are analyzed in relation to this change, and generalizations concerning egalitarian, totalitarian, and authoritarian administrations are made.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573172

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This paper first reviews the evaluations of family research made in 1947–8 by Professors Burgess, Cottrell, and Nimkoff. Second, it describes family research in the period 1947–61 in terms of changes in statistical techniques, samples, hypotheses, orientation to prior research, data gathering technique, and the variables studied. Finally, three general problems are posed with respect to current research: failure to employ individual research competence to the maximum, inadequate communication between researchers, and too little attention to methodological research, per se. Special attention is given to the use of theory, measurement techniques, and the control and manipulation of variables. It is concluded that the principal need in family research is not a larger volume or attention to particular substantive areas but to the improvement of methodology broadly conceived to include the entire process from conception of the problem to the implication of the findings.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.2307/2573173

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1963

数据来源: OUP