摘要:

Serological methods were applied in an attempt to differentiate a number of closely related members of the family Ustilaginaceae. The results of two series of reciprocal precipitin-ring tests showed that different genera and species of the same family were satisfactorily differentiated by this technique; so also were compatible cultures of the same species, where no detectable differences existed, other than the necessity of the haploid counterparts being brought together on the appropriate host plant to induce the diploid phase, and subsequent infection of the host. A parent culture and its mutant that were different morphologically but alike in their pathogenicity, were the only ones that could not be differentiated by this technique. Reciprocal absorption tests were applied to these two fungi, but the powder of either culture absorbed the antibodies of both from the immune sera. Optimal proportions of antigen and antibody were determined, but could not be applied in absorption tests because of the dilution of antisera. Agglutination tests were attempted but were unfruitful.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr38c-038

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1938

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Determinations of free and total saccharifying activity were made on 144 samples of barley, and free saccharifying activity (Lintner value) was also determined on kilned malts made from these barleys. The samples represent 12 varieties of barley grown at 12 widely separated experimental stations in Canada.Varietal differences were demonstrated with respect to each determination. In total barley activity and malt activity, Olli was outstandingly high; the remaining six-rowed rough-awned varieties, Pontiac, Mensury Ott. 60, O.A.C. 21, and Peatland, and the smooth-awned variety Velvet, also yielded comparatively high values; the two-rowed variety Hannchen gave intermediate values; and the two-rowed varieties Victory and Charlottetown 80, and the remaining smooth-awned six-rowed varieties, Nobarb, Wisconsin 38, and particularly Regal, were low in activity. With respect to free barley activity the varieties fell in the same order with the exception of Olli, Peatland and Charlottetown 80 which gave very low values. These three varieties have only about 22% of total barley amylase in free form whereas figures for the other nine varieties range between 38 and 44%.There is a close correlation (r = 0.997) between total barley activity as measured by the papain and hydrogen sulphide methods, the former giving rather higher values. Varieties that are high in total barley activity also tend to be high in malt activity (papain,r = 0.904; H2S,r = 0.868). A similar relation exists between free barley activity and malt activity for nine of the varieties (r = 0.971), but if the three varieties having low percentages of free amylase are included the correlation is not significant (r = 0.217). Environment affects each property in essentially the same manner so that mean values for the different stations fall in much the same order for each determination and correlation coefficients for station means are all high.The possible utility of determinations of total barley saccharifying activity for facilitating the selection of strains of good malting quality from collections of hybrid lines is discussed.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr38c-039

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1938

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Results are given of hybridization work involving 27Triticumforms and 18Agropyronspecies. Only twoAgropyronspecies,A.glaucumandA.elongatum, crossed successfully withTriticum. Several hundredF1plants have been obtained.Hybrid seeds varied greatly in size; some were deficient in endosperm, others lacked the embryo. Seed germination and seedling nutrition were materially aided by use of 2 to 5% glucose solutions.In general,Agropyroncharacters tended to be dominant in inheritance, particularly in crosses involvingA.elongatum. The dominance relations for important characters are:Agropyrondominance in perenniality, vegetative vigor, and extent of mature root; partialAgropyrondominance in general morphological type, shattering of rachis, adherence of glumes to seeds, and winter hardiness; intermediate inheritance in texture of mature root, size of seed, rigidity of leaf, and leaf pubescence.A method of root extraction is described in which plants are grown in special containers that permit reasonably normal root development and greatly facilitate extraction.F1plants of crosses involvingA.glaucumare completely sterile, while inA.elongatumcrosses a fair proportion are moderately fertile. Chromosomal associations and relative proportions of functional and non-functional pollen are discussed in relation to fertility.The more important results from similar work in Russia are outlined and discussed in relation to present results and future prospects of the investigation.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr38c-040

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1938

数据来源: NRC