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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, Vol. 20, No. 285 |
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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, London,
Volume 20,
Issue 285,
1904,
Page 213-238
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Issued 2411 1/04 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. VOl. 20. No.285. Wednesday, November 16th, 1904. Professor W. A. TILDEN, D.Sc., F.R.S., President, in the Chair. Professor P. C. Ray was formally admitted a Fellow of the Society. Certificates were read for the first time in favour of Measrs. Francis William Frederick Arnaud, A.I.C., 17, Maddox Street, W. George Douglas Clarkson, Ash House, Mirfield, Yorks. Samuel George Eade, 10, Eagle Street, Port Talbot, S. Wales. Carl Richard Hennings, Ph.D., 19, St. Dunstan’s Hill, E.C. Tudor Foulkes Jones, B.Sc., Bro Dawel, Bangor, North Wales. William Sloan Mills, M.A ., Queen’s College, Galway. Harold Schroder, Lithgow, New South Wales. Ernest Wheeler, 335,Park Road, Oldham, Lancs. John Henry Beoher Wigginton, Kennington Cross, S.E.A certificate in favour of the following was authorised by the Council for presentation for ballot under Bye-law I. Gustav Komppa, Ph.D., Polytechnik, Helsingfors. OF the following papers, thoae marked * were read : 214 *189. “The isomerism of the amidines of the naphthalene series (fifth communication on anhydro-bases).” By Raphael Meldola and Joseph Henry Lane. When 2 :4-dinitroaceto-a-naphthalideis reduced by tin and hydro- chloric acid, the aminoamiditie (M. and S. ethenyltriaminonaphthalene) has the a-NH constitution (No. I),and the isomeric base (Markfeldt’s), produced when iron and hydrochloric acid are used for reduction, has the 6-NH constitution (No. 11). The constitution of the correspond- ing ethenyldinminonaphthalenes follows from this result : NH*C*CH, NH*C CH, N=C CH, N=C*CH, /\A# /\/\N /\/\&* /\/)&H‘ I -+I I I I I I -+I I\/\/I \/\/ \/\/ \/\/NH2 NH2 I.New ethenyldiamino-11. Prager’s ethenyldi-naphthalene (Trans., aminonaphthalene.1903,83,1190). This conclusion has been reached by a comparison of the N-alkyl- amidines obtained by the direct alkylation of the ethenyldiamino-naphthalenes with the N-alkylamidines prepared synthetically and of known constitution. Thus the A’-ethylamidine, prepared by the direct ethylation of Prager’s base, is identical with the base prepared by reducing the compound No. 111, and the isomeric N-ethyl-amidine, obtained by the ethylation of the new ethenyldiamino-naphthalene (Trans., 1903, 83, 1193), is identical with the base prepared by reducing compound No.IV and then debrominating the product : 111. C2H5N<CO*CH, N(C2H5)>c.gH,/\/\--N(\(yo2 -+I I 1 \/\’ \/\/Br I v. It has thus been shown that the isomerism of the ethenyltriamino- naphthalenes is a case of structural isomerism brought about by a novel and, up to the present time, unique method, namely, the action of different reducing agents on the same dinitro-compound. In 215 explanation of this isomerisation, the hypothesis is advanced that one of the reducing agents, probably the iron, effects a fractional reduction of the nitro-groups, while the other reducing agen t attacks both nitro-groups simultaneously.The formation of the amidine ring would thus take place in one case under the orienting influence of the NO,-group, and in the other case under the orienting influence of the NH,-group, and the resulting anhydro-bases might. under these conditions be expected to be isomeric, the intermediate phases being the compounds : The investigation is being extended to the benzene series so as to obtain evidence, if possible, of the intermediate phases. The transformation of the a-NH-aminoamidine into the P-NH-amino- amidine (Trans., 1903, 83, 1200) is explained by the temporary saturation of the amidine ring by hydrogen and the subsequent removal of the element in accordance with the scheme : (4 +HZ -H2.NH2*C,,H,<~~>C*CH,-+ NH,*C,,H,<~~>CH*CH, -+ Gel (4 NH, C,,H,<Gg>C* CH,.(B) DISCUSSION. Dr. LANDEKasked whether Professor Meldola had observed tauto- meric relationships between the isomeric amidines. The work might be regarded as settling the nature of the so-called ‘<virtual ” tauto-merism of the open-chain mixed amidines discovered by von Pechmann. Dr. KOHNinquired whether the author had tried to reduce the dinitro-compound electrolytically. If not, this method might throw some light on the suggested hypothesis of the formation of the two amidines, since the stages observed in the electrolytic reduction of nitro-compounds were somewhat different from those which obtained with the use of metals and acid. Dr. DIVERSasked whether the production of one or other amino- amidine, according to the metal employed, might not rather be due to the reducing action of stannous or ferrous chloride than to that of the metal itself. But even although due to the action of the metal, 216 there may be difference in the effect because the reduction is not caused actually by hydrogen, but by the combined simultaneous action of the metal and the 2 : 4-dinitroaceto-a-naphthalideon the hydro-cbloric acid.Dr. MORGAN remarked that the hypothesis that iron and hydrochloric acid reduced the nitro-groups of 2 : 4-dinitroaceto-a-naphthalide successively was supported by the known behaviour of this reducing agent towards m-dinitro- compounds in the benzene series. The production of m-nitraniline from m-dinitrobenzene by the action of limited amounts of iron and acid had formerly been patented (D.R.-P.67018). He had likewise found that, in the case of dinitromesitylene, the use of iron and water with a small amount of acetic or hydrochloric acid as catalyst led to the production of nitromesidine, whereas com- plete reduction to diaminomesitylene mas effected by employing tin and hydrochloric acid. Quite recently, Meister, Lucius, dz Briining (D.R.-P. 151768, Abstr., 1904, i, 943) had obtained 1-acetylamino-2 : 4-diamino-naphthalene from 2 : 4-dinitroaceto-a-naphthalideby using iron and acetic acid. As the authors assumed that this acetyltriamine was an intermediate product in the formation of one of the two isomeric aminoamidines, it would be of interest to ascertain whether the acetplnted base would yield by direct dehydration the isomeride predicted by their theory.Professor MELDOLA,in reply, stated that both ferrous and stannous chlorides had been tried as reducing agents. The latter gave rise to the M. and S. base, the former was apparently without action under ordinary conditions, Several metals other than tin and iron had been used as reducing agents, and the results were described in the present and in former papers. Thus far, the action of iron in giving rise directly to Markfeldt’s base appeared to be unique. The practical difficulty that presented itself in all the experiments was the great insolubility of 2 :4-dinitroaceto-a-naphthalide. This compound was practically insoluble in cold alcohol and acetic acid.With con- centrated sulphuric acid as a solvent, there was a danger of the acetyl group being split off. For this reason, electrolytic reduction had not hitherto been attempted. He agreed with Dr. Lander’s view that the results arrived at might be regarded as settling the question of the ‘‘ virtual ” tautomerism of the amidines raised by von Pechmann. There seemed to be no tautomeric relations between the isomeric amidines or aminoamidines. The patented process for preparing acetyltriaminonaphthalene referred to by Dr. Morgan had not yet been tried. 217 “190. Theory of the production of mercurous nitrite and of its con-ti version into various mercury nitrates.” By Prafulla Chandra Ray.Mercurous nitrite is the sole product, other than water, of the immediate action of mercury on dilute nitric acid containing any nitrous acid. In the absence of the latter acid, the former is quite inactive. The formation of the salt may be expressed by the equation 2Hg +NO,H +HOmNO,=Hg,(NO,), +H,O, but it is in part converted by nitric acid into nitrate and nitrous acid. At suit-able temperatures and in presence of the right proportions of water and nitric acid, a stage is soon reached in which the quantity of nitrite produced by nitrous acid is just balanced by that decomposed by nitric acid. There then ensues for some time a steady accumulation OF mercurous nitrite, during which the production of permanent nitrite is due wholly to the nitric acid, as expressed by the equation 4Hg +4HN0, =Hg,( NO,), + Hg,( NO,), + 2H,O.So long as this equation is valid, there is present in the solution an unvarying quantity of nitrous acid, acting, as it were, catalytically. Analyses of portions of the solution drawn off close to the surface of the mercury give support to the foregoing theoretical considerations. When working at 35’’ the mercurous nitrite and mercurous nitrate are present in molecular proportion, The basic constitution of Marignac’s mercurous nitrates is traced to the behaviour of mercuric nitrite, which is itself derived from mercurous nitrite (Trane., 1904, 85, 523). The production of hemi-hydroxy-mercurous nitrate is explained by the following equation : 2Hg,(NO,), + 3Hg +Hg,(N02), + 2H20= 4HO*Hg,NO, + 2NO.Two oxy-mercurosic nitrates, one orange-yellow and the other lemon-yellow, the latter best known through Gerhardt’s work, the former a salt obtained by the author, are both traced to their origin from mercurous nitrite through the agency of mercuric nitrite. Direct oxidising action, whether by nitric asid or by air, is demonstrated to be at least unnecessary for the production of the mercuric and mer-curosic nitrates which result from the prolonged changes occurring in a nitric acid solution of mercury. “191. (‘Amidechloroiodides.” By George Druce Lander and Harry Edwin Laws. When pure dry hydrogen iodide is passed into a solution of benz- anilide imidechloride in light petroleum, an amidechloroiodide, probably having the constitution Ph*CClI*NHPh, is precipitated as 218 a microcrystalline, yellow powder (m.p. 106’ with decomposition). A similar result is obtained with the imidechloride of benzo-p-toluidide. With arylamines and sodium alkyloxides, amidines and imino-ethers respectively are formed, the ohloroiodides first losing hydriodic acid and the imidechlorides then reacting in the usual way. As the iodine atom is not capable of giving reactions of substitution no direct evidence in support of the given constitution can be adduced, but the compounds are analogous in physical properties and chemical behaviour to Biltz’s amideiodides, RCI,*NH,. Benzamidedi-iodide, PhCI,*NH,, can be easily prepared by means of dry hydrogen iodide instead of the concentrated aqueous solution used by Biltz.Benzonitrile is formed from it by the action of alcoholic sodium ethoxide. 192. A new synthesis of isocaprolactone and certain derivatives.” By David Trevor Jones and George Tattersall. isoCaprolactone may be easily obtained by the action of magnesium methyl iodide on ethyl lsvulate in ethereal solution, the yield being 30 per cent. CH,*CO* CH2*CH,*C0,Et -+CH,*C(OMgI)(CH3)2*CH2*CH2*C0,Et -+ C(OH)(CH3),-CH2*C13,*C0,Et -+ C(CH3),<~~~>CH2. On treating isocaprolactone with phosphorus pentabromide in the cold and pouring the product into alcohol, ethyl y-bromoisocaproate, (CH,),C Br*CH;GH,*CO,Et, is formed, which decomposes on distil-lation.Ethyl y-methyZaZZyZacetate, C H,: CMe* CH,*CH,*CO,E t, olutai ned by treating ethyl y-bromoisocaproate with diethylaniline at 140’ for 10 minutes, is a fragrant, mobile liquid boiling at 85’ under 20 mm. pressure. y-MetliyZaZlylacetic (y-meth~l- AY-pentenoic) acid, CH,:CMe*CH,*CH,*CO,H, produced when the preceding ester is hydrolysed with aqueous caustic soda, is a liquid with a pungent odour; it is volatile in steam and polymerises on distillation. 219 193. “The influence of substitution in the nucleus on the rate of oxidation of the side-chain. Part 11. Oxidation of the halogen derivatives of toluene.” By Julius Berend Cohen and James Miller. The authors have stridied the behaviour of the isomeric chloro- brorno- and dibromo-toluenes, and the following table contains a synopsis of the results obtained with these substances and also with the dichlorotoluenes (compare Trans.,1904, 85, 174), the compounds on the left being least, those on the right most, rapidly oxidised. The bracket indicates an approximately equal rate of oxidation.c1a ...... 3.5 2-5 2.6 2-3 2.4 3.4 u -+Cl*Br ..... 3.5 2.5 2.6 2-3 2.4 3.4 Br*Cl...... 2.5 2.3 2.4 3.4 Br*Br...... 3.5 27-2-5 2.6 2.4 3.4 --/ The order of oxidation is the same in all three series with the exception of the 2 :3-dibromotoluene, which follows the 3 :5-instead of the 2 :5-and 2 :6-compounds, as in the other two series. A comparison of the pairs of chlorobromo-compounds with reversed positions of the halogens indicates that the compound, in which bromine occupies the meta-position, is the less rapidly oxidised of the two.The dibromotoluenes are in all cases less rapidly oxidised than the dichlorotoluenes, and where bromine is in the meta-podion the re-tarding action is much more pronounced than in the other cases. The position occupied by the chlorobromotoluenes as regards the rate of oxidation is not always midway between the other two series (the dichloro- and dibromo-toluenes), but appears at first sight to be quite irregular; it may be accounted for by the fact that the three monobromotoluenes are much more rapidly oxidised than the three moaochlorotoluenes, and if, as appears probable, two different halogens interfere less with each other’s individual influence than two similar halogens, the apparent irregularities vanish.The problem is, however, thereby rendered more complex. The authors propose to introduce the word “i8otopic” (Toos, equal ;T~POS, place) to indicate similar compounds substituted in the same positions. Thus the 2 :3-dichloro-, 2 :3-chlorobromo-, 3 :2-chlorobromo-, and 2 :3-dibromo-toluenes would be ‘‘ isotopic ” substances. 220 194. L‘The halogen derivatives of naphthaceneqwinone.” By Samuel Shrowder Pickles and Charles Weizmann. In the systematic investigation of the halogen derivatives of naphthacenequinone, C18H1002,the preparation o€ these compounds by direct bromination or chlorination is not advisable, inasmuch as the separation and identification of the products would be a matter of considerable difficulty, The authors have succeeded in obtaining a monochloro-derivative, in which the position of the chlorine atom is defined by first treatiog hydroxynaphthoyl-o-bttnzoic acid with phos-phorus pentachloride, thus obtaining a chloronaphthoyl-o-benzoicacid.On treating this acid with concentrated sulphuric acid, water is elimin-ated and chloronaphthacenequinone is produced. CO OH CQ C1 /\/\A/\ -+I1 I/\/\/\A irczl I I \/\CO,H\/\/ C0,H Hydroxynaphthoyl-o-benzoic acid. co c1 Chloronaphthacenequinone. 195. 6L The constitution of pyrazolidone derivatives : P-phenylazoiso-valeric acid and s-/3-phenylhydrazidobutyric acid.” By Bertram Prentice. When 1-phenyl-3 :3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolidone (m.p. 74-75Oj is hydrolysed with barium hydroxide, P-phenylazoisovaleric acid (m. p. 57-58’) is produced (Arzncclen, 1896, 292, 272). When treated with reducing agents in acid solution, P-pheny lazoisovaieric acid yields 1-phenyl-3 :3-dimethyl-5-pyrazolidone, which is formed by the con-densation of the intermediate P-phen ylhydrazidoisovaleric acid. l-Pheny1-3-methyl-5-pyrazolidone,prepared according to Knorr and Duden’s method (Ber., 1893,26,103), was also hydrolysed, and yielded s-P-phenylhydrazidobutyric acid, C,H,*NH*NH*CH(CII,)*CH,*CO,H (m. p. 96--97O), an unstable substance with strong reducing properties, which on fusion loses 1 molecule of water and becomes converted into l-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolidone(m. p.84-85’>. 221 196. (( Preliminary notice of some condensations of phenanthra-quinone with ketonic compounds." By Francis Robert Japp and James Wood. Very few condensations of this class have hitherto been studied, and in these only alkaline condensing agents have been employed; but in many cases such agents give no result. The authors find, however, that acetic anhydride containing a little sulphuric acid frequently brings about the desired reaction. Thus a mixture of phenanthraquinone and acetophenone yields, with this reagent-slowly at the ordinary temperature, more,rapidly atq 40"-3-acetoxy-2-phenyl-4:5-dipl~enyZen~urSuran, 'f-f*o*C,H,o,whichIC,H,*C C*C,H5 \/ crystallises from benzene in slender needles (m.p. 232'). With phenanthraquinone and ethyl benzoylacetate, on the other hand, ethyl diphenylenedibenzoylmuconate (ethyl py-diphenylene-ai3-di- benxoy lbutudiene-a8dicaybox ylate), y,H4*$XC(CO*C,H,) *CO,*C,H, C,H,*C:C(CO*C,H,).CO,*C,H,' is obtained, the acetic anhydride in this case furnishing no part of the resultant molecule, This substance crystallises from benzene in rect-angular plates with bevelled edges, It softens and almost melts between 170" and 174", but immediately resolidifies, finally melting sharply at 223O. This phenomenon is due to the transformation of the condensation compound in to an isomeride, which crystallises from acetic acid in slender needles melting at 223.5'. Under the foregoing conditions, phenanthraquinone also yields con- densation products with ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl malonate, and analogous compounds, The authors wish to reserve the study of these various condensations.197. The decomposition of ethylene iodide under the influence of the iodide ion." By Arthur Slator. The following is a summwy of the results obtained : (1) Ethylene iodide in aqueous-alcoholic solution decomposes quantitatively in the presence of potassium iodide, yielding ethylene and iodine. (2) The velocity of reaction is proportional to the concentration of ethylene iodide and also to that of the iodide ion, showing that the potassium iodide takes some direct (or catalytic) part in the reaction. The temperature quotient for loo is 2.5. 222 (3) This reaction is distinct from that between ethylene iodide and sodium thiosulphate, for the two reactions may be superimposed without any great mutual interference. (4) The rate of liberation of iodine from solutions of methyl iodide, isopropyl iodide, and etbyl iodoacetate is accelerated by the addition of potassium iodide.(5) Ethylene bromoiodide in presence of potassium iodide liberates iodine according to the equation : C,H41Rr + KI = C,H4+ I, +EBr. (6) The reaction velocity is proportional to the concentration of the bromoiodide and also to that of the potassium iodide, and the tempera- ture quotient for 10” is 2.45. Ethylene iodide is probably not an intermediate product in the reaction. The iodide decomposes about three times as fast as the bromoiodide. ‘L198.The spectrum generally attributed to ‘chlorophyll ’ and its relation to the spectrum of living green tissues.” ByWalter Noel Hartley. The author formerly showed (Trans., 1891, 59, 106) that the alcoholic extract of fresh green leaves and also the alcoholic extract of dried leaves do not give the same absorption spectrum as the material in the living leaf when examined under normal conditions. This difference was believed to be due either to the formation or the occurreuce of acid in the extract and in the dried leaves, this acid effecting chemical changes in the colouring matter. The same changes in the spectrum could be brought about in the living leaf in an oxidis-ing atmosphere under the action of intense sunlight, and these are conditions which would lead to the formation of an acid.Marchlewski and Schunck (Trans.,1900, ’77,lOS0) cast doubt on the accuracy of the author’s observations, and more particularly on the efficiency of the process described for extracting the bluish-green colouring matter, Sorby’s ‘I blue chlorophyll,” in an unchanged condi-tion from an alcoholic extract of green leaves. The author therefore found it desirable to have the process re-examined by an independent observer, and subsequently he repeated the experiments himself. Further measurements of spectra are recorded which confirm the accuracy of the original observations. 199. Studies on comparative cryoscopy. Part 11. The aromatic acids in phenol solution.” By Philip Wilfred Robertson. As in the case of the fatty acids, an intimate relationship is shown between the association and the velocity of esterification ; those acid6 which are most di&cult to esterifg associate the least.223 Substitution in the ortho-position with respect to the carboxyl group reduces the ‘Irate ” of association. The substituent groups or atoms may be arranged in the following order : OH, CH,, C1, Br, NO,. The lighter groups exert only a slight influence, but there is a marked diminution in the case of the heavier groups. In the case of acids containing two ortho-substituents, however, there is practically no association, whether the substituent is heavy or light. Compounds of this nature are characterised by the fact that they yield esters only with the greatest difficulty, whereas the velocity of esterification of the ortho-substituted benzoic acids is dependent on the weight of the substituting group or atom.Substitution of the nitrogoup in the meta-position still causes a reduction in the “rate ” of association, but a lighter group, like methyl, has no influence in this position. The hydroxylic and dibasic acids are characterised by their sparing solubility in phenol. 200. (6 Isomeric change of diacylanilides into acylaminoketones. Transformationof dibenzoylaminobenzophenoneinto 1-benzoyl-amino-2: 4-dibenzoylbenzene.”By Frederick Daniel Chattaway and William Henry Lewis. It has recently been shown (Trans., 1904, 85, 386, 499) that diacyl derivatives of aromatic amines can undergo an intramolecular rearrangement whereby an acyl group leaves the nitrogen and enters the nucleus in an ortho-or a para-position with respect to this element.The transformation of such diacylamino-derivatives can progress beyond the first stage, so that two groups may enter the ring in positions probably ortho- and para- to the nitrogen. The isolation of 1-amino-2: 4-dibenzoylbenzene from the product obtained by heat- ing aniline (1 mol.) with benzoyl chloride (3 mols.) was described, ERRATUM. PROC.,1904, p. 199. Line 1, after ‘‘ periiianganate ” insert “ in the presence of potassium persulphate.” 224 RESEARCH FUND. A Meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in December next.Applications for grants, to be made on forms which can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, must be received on or before Monday, December 5th, 1904. At the next Meeting, on Thursday, December lst, 1904, at 8 p.m., there will be a ballot for the election of Fellows, and the following paper will be communicated : ‘‘The nitrites of the alkali metals and metals of the alkaline earths and their decomposition by heat.” By P. C. RBy. ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY, I. Uoncbtions. Guttmann, Leo F. Percentage tables for elementary analysis. pp. vii + 43. London 1902. From the Author. Meldola, Raphael, The chemical synthesis of vital products and the inter-relations between organic compounds. Vol. I. Hydro -carbons, alcohols and phenols, aldehydes, ketones, carbohydrates and glucosides, sulphur and cyanogen compounds, camphor and terpenes, colouring-matters of the flavone group.pp. xvi + 339. London 1904. From the Author. Trait6 de chimie min6rale. Publie sous la direction de Henri Moissan. Tome I. ii. M6talloi’dee. Tome IT. ii. Mdtaux. Paris 1904. From Professor Henri Moissan. XI. By Purchase. Bischoff, C. A. Materialien der Stereochemie in Form von Jahres-berichten, 1894-1902. 2 vols. pp. cxxxvi + 1977. Braunschweig 1904. Donath, Eduard. Der Graphit. Eine chemisch-technische Mono-graphie. pp. 175. ill. Leipzig 1904. 225 Engler, C., und Weissberg, J. Kritische Studien uber die Vorgange der Autoxydation. pp. xi + 204. Lafar, Franz. Handbuch der technischen Mykologie.Zweite Auflage. Erste Lieferung. ill. Jena 1904. RoozeboDm, H. W. Bakhuis. Die heterogenen Gleichgewichte vom Standpuckte der Phasenlehre. Heft 1. Die Phasenlehre-Systeme aus einer Komponente. Heft 2. i. System aus zwei Komponenten. pp. xiii +221, xii + 467. ill. Braunschweig 1904. III. Pamphlets. Dyer, Bernard. The manuring of hops, (From the Byewing Tvade Review, 17, 3903.) Dymond, T. S., and Bull, B. W. On tillage crops. (Essex Field Experiments, No. 2.) Chelmsford 2903. Grindley, H. S., and Mojonnier, Timothy. Experiments on losses in cooking meat, 1900-1903. (U.S. Dept. of Agric. Office of Experi- ment Stations, Bulletin No. 141.) Harding, H. A., and Nicholson, J. F. A swelling of canned peas accompanied by a malodorous decomposition.(New York Agric. Exper. Station, Bulletin No. 249,) Henderson, G. G. Some developments in chemical theory during the nineteenth century. (From the Proc. Roy. Phil. SOC.Glasgow, 35, 1904.) Hooper, David. Silajit : an ancient Eastern medicine. (From the Journal of the Asicctic Societg of Bengul, 72, 1903.) Hooper, David. The occurrence of Melanterite in Baluchistan. (From the Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 72, 1903.) Jordan, W. H., and Fuller, F. D. Inspection of feeding stuffs. (New York Agric. Exper. Station, Bulletin No. 240.) Kebler, Syman F. Adulterated drugs and chemicals. (U.S. Dept. of Agric, Bureau of Chemistry, Bulletin No. SO.) 1904. New Zealand, Mines Department. Thirty-seventh annual report of the Colonial Laboratory, By J.S. Maclaurin. pp. 30. Welling-ton 1904. Page, Logan Waller, and Cushman, Allerton S. The testing of road materials. (U.S. Dept. of Agric. Bureau of Chemistry, Bulietin No. 79). Patten, A. J., and Hart, E. B. The nature of the principal phos- phorus compound in wheat bran. (New York Agric. Exper. Station, Bulletin No. 250.) 226 CERTIFICATES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTION AT THE NEXT BALLOT. N.B.-The names of those who sign from General Enowledge ” are printed in itdics. The following Candidates have been proposed for election. A ballot will be held on Thnrsday, December lst, 1904. Allen, William Harold Richard, c/o Straits Trading Go., Butterworth, Penang, S.S. Assayer to the Straits Trading Company’s Penang Smelting Works.Studied Chemistry for four years under Dr. Wm. Norman Bott, then Government Analyst and Science Lecturer, Straits Settlement,s ; part time assisting in his laboratory, since which (ie. for past 7 years) have been in the Straits Trading Company, acd am now head of their Penang Laboratories, where have done much Research Work on Tin. W. Norman Bott. George T. Holloway. James W.Epps. E. G. Clayton. L. C. Deverell. 3’. M. Mercer. Bentley, Walter Henry, 3 8, Oaten Hill, Canterbury. Science Master, Simon Langton Schools, Canterbury. B.A,, Merton College, Oxford. Second Class Honours in Chemistry. Chemistry Master at the Simon Langton Schools since Sept. 1902. John Watts. Allan F. Walden. M7. W. Fisher. H. L.Bowman. J.E. Marsh. R.de J.3’Zeming-&ruthers. Black, John Wyclif, 20, Mardale Crescent, Edinburgh. Analytical Chemist. Principal Assistant to the late Dr. A. P. Aitkea. Lecturer on Practical Chemistry, Royal Dick Veterinary College, Edinburgh, and Demonstrator in Pract. Agricultural 227 Chemistry, Edinburgh Universiicy. Acting Chemist to the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland and the Turriff and Garioch Analytical Association, Aberdeenshire. George McGowan. J. Falconer King. Stevenson Macadam. J. A. Voelckev. Samuel Walker. Jams Hendrick. G. H. Gemrnell. J. Alan Murray. Busher, Thomas Story, Queen’s College, Oxford. Student. Special study of Science generally, and Chemistry in particular, for 5 years. Queen’s Priaemsn in Theoretical Inorganic Chemistry, 1899.Hastings Exhibitioner in Natural Science, Queen’s Coll., Oxford, 1899. Bachelor of Arts, with Honours; 2nd Class, Final School of Natural Science (Chemistry), Oxford, 1903. I wish, by means of the publications of the Society, to keep in touch with modern chemical thought and progress. W. W. Fisher. John Wutts. Allan F. Walden. T.Vipond Bwker. J. E. Marsh. R.de J. Fleming-Struthers. Caldecott, Lawrence, 47, Woburn Place, Russell Square, W.C. Schoolmaster. I am keenly interested in Chemical Science, and wish to keep in touch with modern chemical advances by obtaining use of the publications of the Society. I have been working at Univ. Coll. since January, and propose to take up Research Work at the end of the year.J. Norman Collie. A. W. Stewart, Samuel Smiles. Oscar J. Cole, Chas. H. Lockitt. Caldwell, Robert John, 49, Merritt Road, Crofton Park, S.E. Demonstrator, Department of Chemistry, Central Technical College, S.W. Bachelor of Science (London). A.C.G.I. Published 3 papers (2 in conjunction with Dr. E. F. Armstrong, Ph.D., F.C.S.) in Proc. Roy. Soc., 1904. Late Chemist to British Explosives Syndicate, Ltd., Glasgow, and Pitsea, Essex. Henry 33. Armstrong. T. Martin Lowrg. Gerald T. Moody. E. Frankland Armstrong. William A. Davis. William Robertson. 228 Clark, Peter Skinner, Cape Town, Cape Colony, South Africa. Medical profession and Public Health. M.B., Ch.M. ; late Assistant Demonstrator in Materin Medica and Pharmacy, University of Glas-gow.Reason for desiring election, to assist in promotion of Chemical Science (especially in regard to Public Health) in Cape Colony. G. G, Henderson. Thomas Gray. W. Carrick Anderson. A. Runzboldt Sexton. John Ferguson. Matthew A. Parker. Clarkson-Harold, Frederick, 10, Fee’s Terrace, Longford, Ireland, Analyst to Messre. J. & J. Lollsdale & Co., Ltd., Longford. Late Student of Cheshire County Council Agric. College and Univ. College, Reading. Co-worker with Dr. W. F. Sutherst in researches on (‘Available phosphoric acid in manures and its estimation,J’ ‘‘The re- version of superphosphate of lime in the soil,” ‘‘Effect of lime on the insoluble phosphates in soils,” &c., &c.Edric Druce. Henry J. S. Sand. John Hughes. Arthui. Xlator. George Tate. R.M. Caven. C. ?V. Wcdker-Tisdale. Cooper, Jabez Horace, 13, Victoria Terrace, Exeter. Science Master, Exeter Grammar School, Scholar in Chemistry at Jesus College, Oxford. First Class Honours in Chemistry, Honour School of Natural Science, Oxford, 1903. Exhibitioner in Chemistry, London Intermediate B.Sc. W. W. Fisher. W. H. Lewis. John Watts. J. E. Marsh. P. Elford. N. V. Sidgwick. Cornthwaite, Robert, Agricultural Laboratory, Halifax. Agricultural Chemist and Analyst. Analyst to the West Riding Farmers’ Association. Investigator and Lecturer on Agriculture and Milk Analysis. Formerly Scudent under Prof. Iogle, late of the Yorkshire College and the West Riding County Council Experimental Farm.Fredk. J.Lloyd. John A. Dewhirsst. Jag. Proude. Alfred Sibson. Edgar M. Chapman. 229 Crabb, William, The Grammar School, Yenistone, Yorks. Chemistry Master. Associate of, and late ‘‘ Capper Pass ” Metal-lurgical Scholar at, University College, Bristol. B.Sc. (Lond.), 1st Division, in Chemistry, Physics, and Pure Mathematics. Wish to keep in touch with modern developments of Chemistry, with a view to taking up research work later on. Sydney Young. Ernest Bowman Ludlam. Francis E. Francis. W.A. $henstone. F. Wallis Stoddart. Cunningham, James Edward, 2 1, Blenheim Gardens, Willesden Green, N. W. Analyst. June 1897--Sept. 1898, Assistant to Ed. Riley, Esq., F.I.C., F.C.S., City Road.Sept. 1898-Dec. 1900, Assistant Chemist to the Ebbm Vale Steel and Iron Co. Oct. 1901-June 1904, at the Rojal College of Science, obtaining the Associateship in June 1904 (Chemistry). William A. Tilden. G. T. Morgan. M. 0. Forster. Chapman Jones. James C. Philip. Dalton, William Herbert, 85, Hagter Road, Brixton Hill, London, S.W. Consulting Geologkt (late of H.M. Geological Survey (17 years) ; 40 years’ study of chemical principles in application to geological problems; and desirous of use of the Chem. SOC.Library for works not in that of the Geological Sxiety. David Howard. Boverton Redwood. John Heron. Bernard Dyer. Horace T.Brown. Deane, Harold, 34, Drakefield Road, Upper Tooting, S.W. Pharmaceutical Chemist. B.Sc.(Lond.). For the past three years Demonstrator of Chemistry in the Pharmaceutical Society’s School. Associate of the Institute of Chemistry. J. Norman Collie. Herbert Jackson, W. Palmer Wynne. M. Carteighe. T. E. ‘Wallis. Dickinson, Francis, 26, O’Connell Avenue, Berkeley Road, Dublin. Analytical Cbemist. Was educated at the Manchester Grammar 230 School and the Owens College, Manchester. Engaged as assistant for 4years to J. Carter Bell, Esq., F.I.C., A.R.S.M., Public Analyst for Salford, &c. ;and have for over 3 years been Head Assistant to Prof. Chas. R. C. Tichborne, F.T.C., &c. Public Analyst to the County of Longford, &c. Am also Junior Demonstrator at the Pharmaceutical School of Chemistry, Dublin. Chas.R. 0. Tichborne. Frank Scudder. J. Carter Bell. Robert Pettigrew. Francis Jones. Evans, Edward, 33, Ranelagh Road, Westminster, S.W. Chemist to Chief Engineer of South Metropolitan Gas Co., Old Kent Road, S.E. 7 years’ experience with research and working of gas manufacture processes and the recovery of by-products. J. Tcherniac. 12obei-t Hellon. Otto Hehner. Oscar Guttmann. H. F. Brand. B. 3. R.Newltcnde. W. F. Eichenauer. Evans, John, Public Analyst’s Laboratory, 67, Surrey Street, Sheffield. Analytical Chemist. Studied for 2 years at the Pharmaceutical Society’s Laboratories under Professor J.Norman Collie (1897-1899), Jacob Bell Scholar, 1897. Two years at King’s College, London, under Professor J. M. Thomson. Associate of the Institute of Chemistry (A.1.C).At present and for the last three years assistant to Mr. Alfred H. Allen, of Sheffield. J. Norman Collie. Herbert Jackson. Arthur Lapworth. Patrick H. Kirkcaldy. John M. Thomson. G. E. Scott-Smith. Arnold R. Tankard. Fagan, Thomas Wallace, Harper Adams Agricultural College, Newport, Salop. Lecturer in Chemistry (Pure and Applied) at the Harper Adams Agricultural College. Graduate of Cambridge University with Honours in Chemistry; in my reading am constantly referred to con- tributions and articles in the Society’s Journal, and am anxious to become a Fellow so that I might have copies of the Society’s publications. R. S. Cahill. Hubert Thompson. C. E. Womersley. Edric Druce. A. Peacock. 231 Forrest, John Kerr, Hawsleigh, Balaclava Road, St.Kilda, Victoria. Manufacturing Chemist. Studied Chemistry under the late Dr. Stevenson Macadam in Edinburgh, also under Prof. Hartley and Dr. Muter in London. Have had 14 years’ experience in laboratory work as Manufacturing Chemist, and 18 years as Manager of Chemical Works. Qualified as Chemist and Druggist in 1874. President of Victorian Society of Chemical Industry, 1904. Fred. W. Steel. D. Avery. Orme Mnsson. A. W. Craig. Frederic Dunn. Henzell, Archie Willoughby, Witton Hall Industrial School, Birmingham. Schoolmaster [Head]. Adv. Chem. (Bd. of Educ.) Teacher’s Certifi- cate. Studied Boro’ Polytechnic ; Univ. Coll., Liverpool ; Leicester Tech. School, and Wyggeston School, Leicester.F. Mollwo Perkin. Alexander M. Chance. J. Gale. R.J. Friswell. R. L. Barnes. Rudolph Messel. A. E. Beunes. Hodgson, Thomas Reginald, The Sycamores, Poulton- le-Fy ld e, Lsncashire. Student in Chemistry, Student in Chemistry for Part II of the Natural Sciences Tripos at Cambridge University. Charles T. Heycock. H. J. H. Fenton. W. J. Sell. F. W. Dootson. H. 0. Jones. A. Hutclzinson. G. D.Liveing. Horrod, George William Thomas, 294, Brixton Hill, London, S.W. Chemist. Analytical Chemist to The Associated Portland Cement Manufrs. (1900), Ltd., Central Laboratory, Gravesend, Kent. Quali-fied Chemist of the Pharmaceutical Society. E. J. Read. Edward Horton. Frank B. Gstehouse. Frank E. Weston. H. K. G. Bamber. Inglis, John Kenneth Harold, University College, London.Assistant (Chemical Dept.), M.A., B.Sc. (New Zealand), B.Sc. (Edinb.). (1) Action of Ammonium Salts on Solutions of Amm. 232 Persulphate, Proc. R.S.E., 1903, in conjunction with Hugh Marshall, D.Sc. (2) A Suggested Theory of the Aluminium Anode, I'M.Mug., 1903, in conjunction with W. W. 'Caylor, D.Sc. (3) Ozon als Oxyda- tions-mittel (with R. Luther), Zeit. physikal. Chem., 1903. (4)Notes on Ozone, &c., J.C. X., 1903. (5) Bemerkungen zur Elektrochemie der Uebermangansiiure, Zeit. Elektrochem., 1903. William Ramsay. Edward C. Cyril Baly. J. Norman Collie. Samuel Smiles. N. T. 11.Wilsmore. James, Thomas Campbell, 4, Belmont Terrace, Llanelly. Demonstrator in Chemistry at Univ.Coll. of Wales, Aberystwyth. B.Sc. University of Wales in Chemistry and Physics. 1st Class Nat. Sci. Triyos, Part I, Cambridge. 2nd Class in Chemistry and Physics Nat. Sci. Il'ripos, Part 11. B.A. of Trinity College, Cambridge. G. D. Liveing. P.W. Dootson. W. J. Sell. H. 0. Jones. H. J. H. Fenton. J,J. Sud boruug h. James,Walter Richmond, 49, Wednesfield Road, Wolverhampton. Assayer and Metal Refiner. Student of Metallurgy, University, Birmingham. Formerly Student at Wolverhampton Technical School, taking Honours in Chemistry and Metallurgy. Thomas Turner. Frank E. Thompson. Wm. Whitehouse. Alex. Findlay. Alex. McKenxie. Johnson, John Richard, Apothecaries' Hall, London, E.C. Pharmaceutist. Pharmaceutical Chemist and Member of Pharma-ceutical Society.Lste Government Analytical Chemist in Jamaica, British West Indies, 1899-1900. Undergrad. Lond. University Inter. Science ; Intermediate Exam. Institute of Chemistry. W. Palmer Wynne. Peter MacEwan. Bernard Dyer. John Cdstell-Evans. R. Meldola. F. Southerden. Jones, Horace Francis, 3, Kerry Crescent, Calne, Wilts. Assistant Master County School, Calne, Wiltp. Assistant Science Lecturer, County School, Calne. Science Lecturer (includes Chemistry), 233 Pupil Teachers’ Centre, Calne. Assistant Instructor and Lecturer, Wilts. County Council Nature Study Courses. Frank Dixon. Lawrence W. Jfathieson. J. Murray Crofts. TK R. Bi9-d. C. H. Corbett. Thomas C. Duvison. Jones, William App, 12, E.18th Street, New York City. Chemist. A.B. 1893. A.M. 1897. Wake Forest College, N.C. Ph.D., 1898, Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore. Scholar 1896 and 1897 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, Fellow, 1S98, Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore. 1898, ‘(Study of cuprous chloride-carbon mon-oxide.” 1903, ‘‘ Action of ozone, &c., on carbon monoxide.” Ira Remsen. Edward C. Worden. Benj. L. Murray. R.C. Wooilcock Virgil Coblenlx. Joseph, Alfred Francis, 95, Marylands Road, Msida Yale, W. Lecturer on Chemistry, Wimbledon College, S.W. For 6 years (1896-1902) teaching assistant and lecturer in Chemistry at the Regent Street Polytechnic. Associate of the Royal College of Science (Lond.) in Chemistry, 1st class (Course 1902 -1906). At present, lecturer as above, William A.Tilden. James C. Philip. Chapman Jones. G. T. Morgan. 31.0. Forster. Lauder, James Stanley, c/o B. Harvey, Qu’Appelle, N.W.T. Assa., Canada. Analytical Chemist. I have been under Prof. J. R. Watson, BI.A., Public Analyst, Andersons College Medical Sch., Dumbarton Rd., for four yews as his assistant. Since leaving College, I have been on research with ‘‘Acetylene Gas,” for which I am taking out a patent. A. Humboldt Sexton, R. T. Thomson. R. R. Tatlock. G. G. Hendemon. Thomas Grag. Levy, Arthur Garfield, c/o Bertram Blount, Esq., 76, York Street, Westminster. Assistant to Mr. Bertram Blount. Bachelor of Science (London). Associate of the Institute of Chemistry. Certificated Student of the Technical College, Finsbury, Chemical Department.Bertram Blount. John Castell-Evans. Herbert Jackson. Lewis Eynon. R. Meldola. P. Henry Streatfeild. Patrick H. Kirkcaldy. 234 Longetaff, James Patrick, 19, Fettes Row, Edinburgh. A.ssistant, Chemistry Department, The University, Edinburgh. B.Sc. (Edin.) with “special distinction ” in Chemistry. Vans Dunlop Scholar, 1897-1 900. Formerly Demonstrator in Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh. ‘<Ammonium molybdate as a delicate reagent for stannous chloride ” (Chem. News, 1899, 282). Alex. Crum Erown. J. Gibson. Leonard Dobbin. Bertram D. Steele. Hugh Marshall. Alexander Lauder. McDougall, Arthur Thomas, 3, Albion Road, College Park, London, S.E. Senior Science Master, Deptford Pupil Teachers’ Centre.B.A. (Lond.), Int. B.Sc. (Lond.). 2 years student in Honours Classes at Carpenter Co.’s Institute, Stratford. 6 years Science Master at Deptford P.T. Centre. William Ping, Edgar E. Hormill. W. A. Rugginz. Arthur H. Coote. A. TV. Harvey. Mathews, Harold Joseph Clarke, Massey’s Burnley Brewery, Ltd., Burnley, Ltncs. Brewer and Analytical Chemist, Honours Stage in Inorganic and Organic Chemistry (Sci. and Art Dept.); 1st Class Honours, and 1st Prize Silver Medal and Money Prize in Brewing (City and Guilds of London Institute). William J. Pope, F. S. Sinnatt. Jas. Grant. Stan ley J. Peachey. L. G. Radclife. Millar, Ernest Westby, Windsor, Monkstown, Co. Dublin. Student of Chemistry. For 3 years studied at the Royal College of Science, Dublin, of which he is an Associate, and also at University College, London, for 2 years.J. Norman Collie. Edward C. Cyril Baly. Samuel Smiles. A. W. Stewart. Alex. W. Bain. Phillips, George Frederick, ‘L Ton bridge,” Colworth Road, Leytonstone. Lecturer in Chemistry to the Ilford Council. Bachelor of Science 235 (Lond.). Third year student by election at Boro’ Road College.(‘Triarian ” Special Merit Certificate for Science. G. T. Morgan. Thomas L. D. Porter. H. Burrows. Chapman Jones. M. 8. Forster. Rouillard, Marie Jean Louis Ernest, Malvem, Natal. Analyst. B.Sc.. (Edin.). Student in Analytical Chemistry under Fulconer King and Hunter, Edinburgh ; was Analytica,l Chemist in Mauritius for four years with Planter3 Chemical Manure Co., Ltd.At present Assistant to Public Analyst, Durban, Natal. H. H. C. Puntan. J. S. Jamieson. W. H. Pay. A. Perdy. E. Nevil2. Spielmann, Percy Edwin, A.R.C.S., 21, Cadogan Gardens, S.TVT. Student. Associate of the Royal College of Science. Student at the University College, Gower Street. Desirous of keeping in touch with the progress of Chemistry. William A. Tilden. Chapman Jones. M. 0. Forster. G. T. Morgan. James C. Philip. Stanley, Harry, The Park, Southend Village, Catford, S.E. Mathics. and Chem. Tutor. B.Sc. (London). First in order of merit in Honours, Part 11, Brd. of Education Chem. Exam. for year 1903. For last 4years Student at Merchant Venturers’ Tech. Coll., Bristol. Desirous of keeping in touch with present day research.Bevan Lean. G. P. Darnell-Smith. J, Wert heimer. A. J.Carrier. Frank B. Gatehouse. Sutcliffe, Thomas, 19, Rhodes Street, Halifax, Yorks. Schoolmaster. 3 years Student at Higher Grade School, Halifax, (Analytical Chemistry); 1 year Student at The Tech. Sch., Halifax, Teacher: W. Ackroyd, F.I.C., P.C.S. ; 2 terms Student at the Grammar School, Tideswell (under W. G. Boul, M.A., D.C.L., LL.D., F.C.S.). Teacher of Chemistry at Pellon Bd. Sch., Halifax. Teacher 236 of Chemistry at the Grammar Sch., Elland. Reason: that I may keep in touch with Chemical Research, and thus teach the subject more intelligently. W. G. Boul. C. E. Womersley. W. Ackroyd. A. Peacock. R. S, Cahill. li“. w.Richardson. Thibault, Paul John, Howell, N.S.W., Australia.Metallurgical and Analytical Chemist and Assayer. Have practised for a period of thirteen years as a Metallurgical and Analytical Chemist and Assayer, seven years of which were spent as an assidant and student, and six years as a senior man in charge of various laboratories. Alexander Orr. Will. A. Dixon. James Taylor. J. A. Schojeld. i? B. Gzcthrie. Tonkin, Arnold Bertram, Durban, Natal. Assistant in the Government Laboratory, Natal. Studied at Penzance School of Mines, 1896-1S99. Appointed Assistant in Natal Govt. Laboratory, May lst, 1902. Am desirous of becoming a member of the Society, in order that I may benefit by the use of the Society’s publications. E. Nevill.J. S. Jamieson. W. H. Pay. A. Pardy. H. H. C. Puntan. Twiss, Douglas Frank, 89, Wood Lane, Harborne, Birmingham. Lecturer in Chemistry. 1902, Honours B.Sc. at University of Birmingham (awarded University Scholarship) ; 1903, M. Sc. Degree at University of B’ham. ; 1903-1904, Priestley Research Scholar at University of B’ham. Recently appointed Ch smistry Lecturer at Birmingham Municipal Technical School. Percy F. Frankland. Alex. McKenzie. T. Slater Price. Alex. Findlay. W. E. S. Turner. Watson, Edwin Roy, 1, Fair Street, Cambridge. Student. B.Sc. London, 1st Class Honours in Chemistry. B.A., Cambridge Nat. Science Tripos, Parts I and IT. Late member of 237 Bathymetrical Survey of Scottish Fresh Water Lochs. 5.Huhemann and E.R. Watson, ‘(Contribution to the knowledge of the P-diketones ” (TTUJ~~.,85,456). 8.Ruhemann. R. S. Morrell. M. M. Pattison Muir. Charles T. Heycock. F. ET. Neville. Watson, Herbert Wood, 111, Brudenell Road, Hyde Park, Leeds. Analytical Chemist. Studied from 1893 to 1896 at Yorkshire College, taking degree of B.Sc. in Honours School of Chemistry of Victoria University in 1896. From 1896 to 1903, chief assistant to Messrs. Murphy & Lonsdale, Leeds, Brewers, Chemists, &c., and at present Chemist and Bacteriologist to Messrs. Joseph Hobson & Son, Spruce Beer and British Wine Manufacturers, Dantzic Works, Leeds. First Class Honours in Brcwing (City and Guilds Exam.). Associate of Yorkshire College. Member of Institute of Brewing, and of Society of Chemical Industry.Arthur Smithells. Thomas Fairley. Julius B. Cohen. Alfd. C. Chapman. A. J. Murphy. John Heron. Arthur B. Ling. Weeks, Henry Bridges, The R etreat, Infield Park, Barrow-in-Furness. Chemist and Metallurgist. Fellow of the Institute of Chemistry ; Member of Society of Chemical Industry; Member Iron and Steel Institute ;Chemist and Metallurgist, Tickers, Sons & Maxim, Ltd. Formerly Chemist and Metallurgist, Govt. of India (Ordnance Dept.). L. Archbutt. J. C. Aylan. R. J. It edding. Wesley Larubert. Ernest A. Lewis. Willcox, William Henry, St. Mary’s Hospital, Paddington, W. Lecturer on Pathological Chemistry and Practical Toxicology, St. Mary’s Hospital, W. Degrees, &c.: B.Sc. (Lond. Univ.) ; Fellow of Inst. of Chemistry ;M.D., (Lond. Univ.) ;D.P.H. ;London University Gold Medallist and Exhibitioner in Organic Chemistry, Materia Medica and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, and Forensic Medicine. Bppoint-ments : Lecturer on Chemistry, Queenwood College, Hants, 1893-1895 ;(‘Scientific Analyst to the Home Office ” ;Lecturer on Chemistry, St. Mary’s Hospital, London, 1900-1904 ; Lecturer on Pathological Chemistry, St. Mary’s Hospital (now held). Research 238 Work : Researches on Bran Fermentation (Jour. Xoc. Chem. Industry), May, 1893. On a pure cultivation of a bacillus fermenting bran infusion (J.SOC.Chem. hd., June, ‘1897). Barium butyrate and the estimation of butyric acid (Jour. Chem. Soc., 1897).Toxicological detection of arsenic and influence of selenium on its tests (Lancet, March, 1901). The use of phenylhydrazine in the clinical examina- tion of urine (Lancet, 1904). Thomas Stevenson. Frank Clowes. Arthur P. Luff. John M. Thomson. Henry Eorster Morley. Wyeth, Frank John,M.A. Csntab., L.C.P., Int. B.Sc.,Lond. 14, Preston Drove, Brighton. Science Master, Elizabeth College, Guernsey ; 1st Class Hons. Natural Science Tripos, Cambridge, 1899 ; Chem. Research Student, London Univ. ; 4 years’ experience as Chemistry Master in Public Schools; OEcial Analyst to the States of Guernsey, 1904. W. J. Stainer. 3’. W. Dootson. H. J. H. Fenton. H. 0. Jones. John E. Mackenzie. W. J.Sell. The following was recommended by the Council for presentation to ballot under Bye-law I.(3) : Komppa, Gustav, Polytechnik, Helsingfors. Professor of Chemistry and Director of the Chemical Laboratories. Author of a large number of original papers dealing especially with the camphor group, and among these may be mentioned the synthesis of both apocamphoric acid and camphoric acid. W. H. Perkin, jun. Harold B. Dixon. F. Stanley Kipping. R. CLAY AND SONS, LTD., BREAD ST. HII.L, E.C., AND BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.
ISSN:0369-8718
DOI:10.1039/PL9042000213
出版商:RSC
年代:1904
数据来源: RSC
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