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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. April 19th, 1904. Extra Meeting, Professor W. A. TLLDEN,D.Sc. F.R.S., President, in the Chair. This meeting was held in the Theatre of the Royal Institution, by kind permission of the Managers. The PRESIDENT,in opening the proceedings, said :-So many Sears have elapsed since we enjoyed the delivery of a Paraday Lecture that perhaps a few words of introduction may not be regarded as inopportune. Faraday died in 1867, and immediately after his decease the Council of the Chemical Society met together and deter-mined that, if possible, they would do something permanently to do honour to his memory; and the result was that, after considerable deliberation, they decided to establish this system of lectures. The first of the course was given in 1869 by Dumas, only two years after Fsraday’s death.Dumas was succeeded by Cannizzaro, Hof-mann, Wurtz, Helmholtz, Mendeleeff and Lord Rayleigh. You will see, therefore, that the most eminent men of science living at the time were ready to accept the invitation to undertake the office of Faraday Lecturer. Owing to accidental circumstances it is, however, a rather long period-some 23 years-since we heard the voice of n Paraday Lecturer. Thanks to the kindness of the Members and the Managers of the Royal Institution, the lectures have all, hitherto, been given within this place, the walls of which for so many years echoed to the voice of Paraday, and which were the witness of his teaching and his triumphs.The Council of the Chemical Society were naturally 78 anxious on the present occasion, as on all previous occasions, to find a man who might safely be regarded as qualified by his own researches and by his own contributions to science, worthily to fill the office of Faraday Lecturer; and they are satisfied that they have found such a man among their own Honorary Members. Professor Ostwald is a man who is not only honoured in the country of his adoption, but is famous throughout the world as the apostle of the modern doctrines concerning chemical affinity and the mechanism of chemical action. I will not, however, occupy any further time, but ask Professor Ostwald to be good enough to give us his lecture. Professor OSTWALDthen delivered the Faraday Lecture, of which the following account is an abstract.‘(Elements and compounds.” The most general concept underlying all chemical theory is that of a phase created by Willard Gibbs. A phase is a physical homo-geneous body, which may be either chemically homogeoeous or com-posed of any number of substances. Every single phase has two degrees of freedom, irrespective of its chemical simplicity or com-plexity. A difference arises only if a second phase is formed. When that happens, we have two different cases : either the properties of the remaining part of the first phase change during the transformation into a new phase, or they remain constant. Phases of the first order we call solutions ;of the second, hylotvopic bodies.By forming a new phase of a solution, we get two portions possess- ing different properties. On separating these parts, and on repeating the separation into two phases, every solution finally splits up into a finite number of hylotropic bodies. Generally, a hylotropic body behaves as such only within certain limits of temperature and pressure. Beyoud these limits of stability, it assumes the properties of a solution, aud can therefore be split up again into a finite number of other hylotropic bodies. These we call simpler bodies than the former. At last it becomes impossible to change the hylotropic body into a solution, because it is not found practicable to reach its limit of stability. Substunces which can form only hylotropic phcises we call elements.With hglowopic substances, we can again distinguish two cases. (1) Either the hylotropic body can exist as such only at one definite temperature and pressure, and by changing these conditions the body is transformed into a solution. This is the case with solutions of con-stant boiling point (for example, the solution of acids investigated by Sir Henry Roscoe) or with cryohydrates, &c. (2) Or there is a finite range of temprratures and pressures within which the phase invariably 79 behaves as a hylotropic body ; in this case, we have a substance proper. A substance or chemical individual is therefore the limiting case of hylotropic solutions, and is defined experimentally by its not changing its properties if the phase is partially transformed into another, for example, by distillation or crystallisation.This is indeed the may in which pure substances are defined and identified practically. The constancy of properties is causally connected with constancy of composition; that is, if it is possible to produce a substance proper fromother substances or bylotropic bodies, the ratio of the weights of the component parts must have a certain value in order that this peculiar body of constant properties may be formed. This is the law of constant proportions. In forming such peculiar bodies, elements and compounds behave alike, and there is, therefore, in every case a certain definite relation between a substance and its components, the last being compounds or elements.A compound substance can therefore be split up into, or regenerated from, elements only in one definite manner. If we form a ternary compound ABC of the elements A, €3, and C, we get the same substance by forming first Al3 and uniting it with C, or by first preparing AC and combining this with B, or, lastly, in forming the compound ABC directly from the elements. By combining A with B, we get a certain ratio of weights between the two elements, and also a ratio for C by combining it with AB to form ABC. Now, as the composition of ABC is independent of the manner of formation, the composition of a substance AC is not more arbitrary, but is already defined by the composition of ABC, for it must contain A and C in the same ratio as in ABC.In the same may, the composition of a substance BC is defined in such a manner that the elements A, B, C, can combine only in definite ratios, regulated by the combining weight of each element for the compound ABC. This is the law of combining weights, generally spoken of as the law of atomic weights. From this law, the law of multiple poportions can be deduced easily by applying the same considerations to the case of two elements forming more than one compound. A 11 the stoichiometrical laws, which have hitherto been deduced and explained only by the atomic hypothesis, prove to be direct conse-quecces of the purely empirical definition of the concept of a substance proper or a chemical individual, and the atomic hypothesis is rendered superfluous for the purpose of this deduction. According to the energetic theory of the elements, these bodies are explained as being distinguishing points of maximum stability relative to all adjacent conceivable substances.Jf we assume that the two charac-teristicsare sufficientto determine the nature of a substance, and if we 80 put these characteristics in plane co-oi-dinntes horizontally and erect vertical lines in every point of the plane to express the free energy of the corresponding substances, we get a continuous surface like the stalactitic ceiling of a cavern, the end of each stalactite representing an element. A drop of water hanging on the ceiling represents by its flow the possible changes between the elements.To bring the drop from one stalactite to another, it must be raised above the pass between the two stalactites. This requires a certain concentration of free energy, and the practical impossibility of changing one element into another is due to the practical impossibility of bringing about the required concen-tration of energy. Now, with radium and other unstable elements, energy is not a relative minimum compared with the adjacent possible substances, but only a change in the slope of the surface which represents it. The drop of water can flow of its own accord from the point of the element, and will only lessen its speed on passing through this point. As the drop arrives finally at the end of the stalactite of helium, which is very low indeed (because helium cannot even form compounds), the enormous development of energy connected with this transmutation is explained at once.From the general law, that the most stable point of a changing system is not reached directly, but only through all the possible stages of unstable forms of the system, the intermediate formation of new and transitory substances and of new and transitory forms of energy is also explained, again without any application of hypothetical atomic concepts. In presenting the Fsraday Medal to Professor Ostwald at the con- clusion of the Lecture, the PRESIDENTsaid :-It is now my pleasant duty, Professor Ostwald, in the name of the Society, to offer for your acceptance this medal, which bears the image of Faraday, and which has been struck in commemoration of this occasion. Professor DEWAR: You, Sir, have placed upon me the very onerous duty of expressing the grateful thanks of the members of the Chemical Society of London to Professor Ostwald for the magnificent way in which he has discharged the duties of Faraday Lecturer, and the honour he has done us in accepting that office.You, Sir, have pointed to the great galaxy of talent with which he must be associated for all time, in referring to the great names of those who in the past have occupied the position. Now I am quite sure that every chemist in England, when he heard that Professor Ostwald was selected for this office, had a hopeful anticipation that he would rival his compeers.You, fellow-workers, have listened to the mode in which he has passed through this great ordeal, and I am sure that you will all acknowledge the splendid achievement of his success. I think, Sir, we might even go farther and say that no greater enjoyment could have been 81 given to Faraday, if we could imagine his being present here this evening, than to have received Professor Ostwald ; for his life and spirit has been the spirit of Faraday, and that has led to his great position as a worker and to the establishment of his great school of physical chemistry. We may rest assured that the man who has done so much to develop the electro-chemical theory and the theory of dielectrics which originated in this place would have been a delight to Faraday.But I think we ought to go farther, and say that, while in the past we have had the eulogy of Faraday, while we have had admir- able summations of his character and work by his admirers, we have never before had such an original pronouncement. We have received for the first time an original contribution that is likely to give us matter for thought for many a day to come. I think that the selection of the subject of the address in itself would have delighted Paraday, who again and again returned to the discussion of the nature of the elementary bodies. I was curious to ascertain what was the last pro-nouncement which Faraday gave in this room with regard to the elements; and I found it in a Friday evening lecture in the year 1836 (snbsequeht to his discovery of definite electrolysis), entitled “ The Nature of the Chemical Elements.” The last sentence is most interesting, He says : “Thus, either present elements are the true elements, or else there is the probability before us of obtaining Some more high and general ~OWCYof Nature even than electricity, which at the same time might reveal to us an entirely new grade of the elements of matter now hidden from our view and almost from our suspicion.” That was Faraddy’s view sixty-eight Sears ago, given in this very room and at that very table.It is quite clear that at that t,ime he would have been staggered if he could have known that a substance with which he was familiar, in the form of an oxide, and which had been taken for an element-namely, the substance uranium -contained within itself that very spontaneous change into the ‘‘new grade of the elements” which Professor Oatwald has so admirably illustrated.The Professor’s stalactite cavern is a cavern of great mystery, and is indeed one in which we may require a great deal more light before we can get acclimatised to the surroundings. But that does not withdraw one iota from the originality and the brilliancy of the lecture which we have had to-night, and I ask you, Sir, to allow me, on behalf of the Chemical Society and the world of’Esglish science to propose a vote of thanks to Professor Ostwald for the noble way in which he has dis- charged his duty. Dr. THORPE: Ladies and Gentlemen, I rise at the bidding of the President to discharge what I feel to be a very honourable duty, namely, to join with Professor Dewvar in giving expression to the 82 gratitude which the Fellows of the Chemical Society feel to Professor Ostwald for the Faraday Lecture which he has given to night.The President has told you that one characteristic of the Faraday Lectures is that they are given in this hall, a hall which, of course, is hallowed by the associations of Faraday. Now, if anybody will cast a retro-spective glance over the Faraday Lectures, they will find that there is one fundamental conception common to them all. However different they may seem at first sight, they are all concerned fundament- ally with the idea of the essential nature of chemical action and the essential nature of elements and compounds.Now, if those two things be the characteristics, namely, that the Faraday Lectures are given here and that they are all concerned with that fundamental idea-Professor Demar would seem to have proved that Faraday himself was the first Faraday Lecturer. I venture, how- ever, to point out that in reality the first Faraday Lecturer was John Dalton, for it was from that very place which Professor Ostwald has just occupied that John Dalton, in the winter of 1809, developed before such an audience as wo have here to-night the conceptions which are immortally associated with his name. It was to an audience which, I suppose, may have comprised men like Young, Wollaston, Sir Joseph Banks, and Humyhry Davy himself, that John Dalton, in his Characteristic, simple, straightforward, lucid way, laid before a Royal Institution audience the first ‘‘Faraday Lecture.” 1have the greatest possible pleasure, Ladies and Gentlemen, in echoing the sentiment which has been so eloquently expressed by my colleague, Professor Dewar, in asking you to tender to Professor Ostwald our most grateful thanks for the intellectual treat which he has afforded us to-night.Lord RAYLEIGH:I wish the President had seen fit to call upon someone more conversant than I am with the course of chemical thought and speculation to speak to this resolution. I feel that I follow only at a distance, and, although anyone who has heard Pro-fessor Ostwald to-night could not fail to take up some valuable ideas, I think most of us must feel that a good deal of thought is required before we should be in a position to do justice to what has been laid before us.We certainly live in a very interesting time. Twenty or thirty years ago an idea was not uncommon, I think, that we under- stood tolerably weil the general course of Nature, and that all that was wanted was to fill UPcertain details where difliculties of one sort or another had interfered with our acquiring adequate knowledge. believe that the feeling at the present day among scientific men, and, perhaps, especially among those scientific men who have taken the largest part in recent work, would be a very much more modest one, and that most of us are quite prepared to recognise that we must face 83 possible revolutions in those ideas which in many cases we have hitherto regarded as most firmly established.It is in connection with such thonghts that I think we recoguise the value of what we have heard to-night, and I,certainly, for one shall look forward to studying in detail what has been set before us. I desire most heartily to support the resolution which has been moved and seconded. The motion was then put by the PRESIDENTand carried with acclam- ation. Professor OSTWALD: Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen :--Now that my task of reading from print is at an end, I feel a difficulty in going some steps farther into unknown English periods. I cannot bring sufficient English together to express my deep feeling of thanks for the honour which has been shown to mo in the way in which you have received my ideas.I feel that I was not mihtaken when I tried to bring this work into your own land in the face of one of the best things ever done in science, Imean the atomic hypothesis. My purpose was to show that the atomic hypothesis is no longer necessary to explain the stoichiometrical laws. But the views arrived at, and the progress attained by the use of the atomic hypothesis cannot be destroyed. They have directed the discoveries of chemistry for a whole century, and if any hypothesis can do good, this one has done so. Therefore I do not think this hypothesis need be interred yet, and when the time comes it should be interred with the greatest honour.Wednesday, April 20th, 1904. Professor W. A, TILDEN,D.Sc., F.R.S., President, in the Chair. Messrs. G. E. P. Broderick, H. W. Gadd, and T. S. Price were formally admitted Fellows of the Society. Certificates were read for the first time in favour OF Messrs. Albert Ernest Bellars, B.A,, Magdalene College, Cambridge. Herbert Frank Brand, M.A., B.Sc., 13, Clifton Road, Brockley, S.E. Thomas Alfred Gerard, 122, Foxhall Road, Nottingham. James Gray Gilchrist, M. A,, 48, Ovington Street, Chelsea, S.W. John Haslam Johnston, M Sc., Public Offices, Hampton, Middlesex. Alfred Pell, 44,Cumballa Hill, Bombay, David John Pinkerton, 17, Orbiston Street, Motherwell, Percy Richard Sanders, West Cliffe, Seaford, Sussex.James Alfred Wilkinson, M.A., Transvsal Technical Institute, Johannesburg. 84 The PRESIDENTstated that the Council had resolved to present the following address to Sir Henry E. Roscoe on the occasion of the celebration of the Jubilee of his Doctorate, on Friday, April 22nd, 1904, fifty years having elapsed since he graduated as Doctor of Philosophy at Heidelberg on March 15th, 1854. To SIRHENRY ROSCOE,ENFIELD Ph.D., LL.D., D.Sc., F.R.S. The Officers and Council of the Chemical Society desire to join the rest of your Scientific friends in offering hearty congratulations on the attainment of the Jubilee of your Doctorate. More than forty years ago, when there were few schools of scientific chemistry in this Country, by your teaching and example you not only revived the fortunes of the College in Manchester to which, during so many years, you were attached, but assisted in arousing a new spirit in the other teaching institutions of Great Britain.They recall with pleasure and gratitude the services you rendered to the Society when, many years later, you became its President and by your genial personal influence assisted so materially in promoting its activity and usefulness. They wish you many years of health to enjoy the further develop- ments of Scientific Research and the further applications of Scientific Knowledge to useful purposes, to which the greater part of your life has been devoted. (Signed.) WILLIAM President.A. TILDEN, ALEXANDER Treasurer.SCOTT, W.PALMERWYNNEXecTetaries. M. 0. FORSTER } WILLIAM Foreiyn Secretary. RAMSAY, Of the following papers, those marked * were read : *58, “The vapour density of hydrazine hydrate.’’ By Alexander Scott. The determinations by Curtius and Schulz (J.pr. Chem., 1890, [ ii], 42, 529) of the vapour density of hydrazine hydrate at various temperatures are interpreted by them to indicate something quite anomalous in the behaviour of this substance in the state of vapour. They state that at 100’ the vapour density determined by Hofmann’s method corresponds with the molecule N,H,,H,O, and at 170’ at abmospheric pressure to N2H4+ H,O, but that at higher temperatures larger molecules are largely regenerated and that at very high tem- peratures the vapour density indicates a, molecular weight double that of the original.The author finds that at 98.8” the vapour density is 15.8 instead of 25 as required by Ku’,H,O,at 138’ the dissociation into N,H, +H20 is complete, and that at higher temperatures, a certain amount of decomposition into nitrogen, ammonia, and water occurs. If the vapour densities by V. Meyer’s method mere determined in an atmosphere of air, oxidation of the hydrazine would ensue, leading to completely erroneous results, even at comparatively low temperatures, but by using nitrogen this source of error is avoided. “59. “The combining volumes of carbon monoxide and oxygen.” By Alexander Scott. The ratio by volume in which carbon monoxide combines with oxygen has been determined by means of the same apparatus as was employed by the author in estimating the composition by volume of water (PM.Trans., 1893, 184, A, 543).The results of the author‘s experiments indicate that the molecular concentration of carbon monoxide is slightly greater than that of oxygen, the combining volumes being CO :0 : : 1,9985 :1 with carbon monoxide from calcium oxalate and 1.9994 :1 with that from formic acid. Applying a correc-tion for this to Lord Rayleigh’s recently published value for the density of carbon monoxide so as to obtain its molecular weight, we obtain GO =27 -99 and C = 11~99. “60. ‘‘A revision of the atomic weight of rubidium.” By Ebenezer Henry Ar chib ald. Commercial rubidium iodide was converted into the dichloriodide (RbC1,I) and fractionally crystallised many times until the salt had become spectroscopically free from potassium, when the product was divided into four portions, which each received a different number of additional fractionations.In order to remove the cesium, the rubidium was either repeatedly precipitated as chloride with hydrogeu chloride or the hydrogen tartrate was fractionally crystallised. After being fused and bottled by means of Richards’ bottling apparatus (Proc. Amr. Acad., 1896, 32, 55), four samples of rubidium chloride purified by these processes were nnalysed by precipitating the chlorine with silver nitrate, estimating the amount of silver required for complete precipitation, and also the amount of silver chloride produced.The mean values of the atomic weighti of rubidium obtained from 14 analyses were 85.490 and 85.484 from the ratios AgC1:RbCl and Ag :RbCl respectively (0== 16.0). Analyses of rubidium bromide led to the value 85.483, obtained from either of the ratios AgBr :RbBr or Ag :RbBr. 86 "61. "Experiments on the synthesis of the terpenes. Part I. Synthesis of inactive terpineol, dipentene, and terpin hydrate." By William Henry Perkin, jun. It was recently shown (I'rans., 1904, 85,416) that pentane-aye-tri- carboxylic acid, CO,H*CH(CH,*CH,*CO,H),, when digested with acetic anhydride and subsequently distilled, is converted into 6-keto- hexahydrobenzoic acid. The ester of this acid reacts readily with magnesium methyl iodide, yielding, among other products, cis-6-hydr- oxyhexahydro-p-toluic acid (compare Stephau and Helle, Ber., 1902, 35, 2153): CO<CH2'CH2>CH*C0,Et -+ CAIe(OH)<~~~:~~~>CH*CO,€€.CH,*CH, This acid melts at 153", and on distillation is readily converted into its lactone, a solid, crystalline substance, which melts at 70" and distils at about 185" under 150 mm.pressure. When the hydroxy-acid (or its lactone) is left in contact with f uxuing aqueous hydrobromic acid, it is converted into 6-bromohexa- hydro-p-toluic acid, a crystalline substance which melts at 12S0, and which, when digested with pyridine or with sodium carbonate, yields A3-tetrahydro-p-toluic acid (m. p. 99") : If the ester of this acid is mixed with an excess of an ethereal solution of magnesium methyl iodide, and the product, after remaining for 24 hours, is treated with dilute hydrochloric acid, a colourless oil is obtained, which distils at 133" under 60 mm.pressure and has a pronounced odour of lilac. That the above reaction takes place according to the scheme : and that the oil obtained is therefore inactive terpineol is clearly proved by the following facts. It yielded, on analysis, numbers agreeing with the formula C,,H,,O, and, when digested with potassium hydrogen sulphate, was converted almost quantitatively into dipentene, 11 The dipentene thus synthesised was found to be identical in all respects with that obtained from ordinary terpineol by the same process.It distilled at 181-182°, had a chaxacteristic odour of 87 lemons, and yielded, with bromine, dipentenet&r&wm&e, CloNfsBr4 (m. p. 125"), and, with hydrogen chloride, dipen%@ dih&vochlo&de CI,H1,,2HC1 (m. p. 48-50'}. Furthermore, the synthetical terpineol was slowly converted by treatment with dilute sulphuric acid into terpin hydrate, C,oH,&OH)2,H,O (m. p. ll8O), from which terpin itself, was readily obtained by dehydration. These experimeats are being continued and extended to the study of the behaviour of ethyl 7-ketohexahydrobenzoate and other similarly constituted substances towards magnesium methyl iodide. "82. ('A laevorotatory modification of quercitol." By Frederick Belding Power and Frank Tutin.Quercitol, C,H,,O,, has hitherto only been found in the fruits (acorns) of certain species of Quercus, in which it exists as a dextro-rotatory modification. The laevorotatory modification described by the authors was obtained from the leaves of Gymnemcc sylvestre (Br.), a plant belonging to the family of Asclepiadacem, and indigenous to Banda and the Deccan Peninsula. I-Quercitol is a colourless, crystalline substance, which, when crys-tallised from water, has the formula C,H,,O,,H,O; it loses its mole-cule of water at llOo, melts at 1'74', and has [a], -73.9". The dried substance separates from ethyl alcohol in the anhydrous state. Penta-acetyl-I-puercitoI,CGH7(O*C,'H,0)5,crystallises from dilute alcohol in needles, melts at 124-125', and has [.ID -26.0'.Pentabenxoyl-l-quewitol, C,H7(0*C7H,0),, separates from a mixture of alcohol, ethyl acetate, and petroleum in needles containing a polecule of alcohol, which, when heated slowly, melt at 148'; it has [.ID -79.0'. On oxidising I-quercitol with sodium hypobromite and treating the pro- duct with Fhenylhydrazine, diketotrihydroxylLexuhydrobenaenedihydr-axone, C,H,(OH),(:N*NH*C:,H,),, was obtained, which separates from alcohol in yellow needles and melts at 209". On oxidising with cold potassium permanganate solution, malonic acid was obtained, and was identified by means of its ethyl ester. Kiliani and Schaefer (Rer., 1896, 29, 1762) have shown that d-quercitol is a pentahydroxyhexahydrobenzene, by the formation, on the one hand, of malonic acid, and, on the other, of a diketone, C,H,O,.The Substance isolated by the authors, designated as I-quercitol, is, therefore, one of the eight possible isomerides of pentahydroxyhexa- 88 hydrobenzene, but, until a further nuuber of these have been isolated, it will be impossible to assign to either of the known quercitols a definite configuration. "63. " The constituents of the essential oil of Californian laurel." By Frederick Belding Power and Frederic Herbert Lees. The Californian laurel, Umbellularia Californica (Nuttall), a hand-some, evergreen tree, occurring in California and Oregon, is also knowb 6' '6as mountain laurel," cajeput," spice tree," '' California olive," "California bay tree " and "pepper-wood." The essential oil of the leaves had a pale yellow colour and an odour which was at first agreeably aromatic, but when more strongly inhaled became exceedingly irritating to the mucous membranes of the nose and eyes, producing the effects that have previously been described.The oil had a sp. gr. 0.9483 at 16'/16', and [u] -22' in a 100 mm. tube; it was completely soluble in 1.5 parts of 70 per cent. alcohol. It was found to contain an inappreciable amount of esters and a very small quantity of a mixture of free fatty acids, including formic acid. The essential constituents of the oil were found to be : eugenol, I-pinene, cineol, safrole, eugenol methyl ether, veratric acid, and a new, unsaturated, cyclic ketone, umbellulone, CZOH140,which is a colourless liquid with a somewbat mint-like odour, having in a high degree the peculiar pungency of the original oil.It boils at 219-220° (corr.), has a sp. gr. of 0.9581 at 15'/15', and [a], -37'. This ketone does not react normally with semicarbazide and hydroxglamine, affording with the former, semicarbaaidodihydro-umbellulonesemicarbccxone, C,,H,,: N*NH*CO*NH,(CH,ON,) (m. p. 2 17'), and with the latter, hydroxylaminodihyd.l.oumbellulonoxime, CloH,,(:NOH)*NH*OH (compare Bey., 1897, 30, 230, 251; 1900, 33, 562, and 1903, 36, 4377). The relative proportions of these constituents of the oil were approximately as follows : umbellulone, 60 ; cineol, 20 ; eugenol methyl ether, 10; pinene, 6, and eugenol, 1.7 per cent.respectively, together with a very small amount of safrole. "64. '' Some derivatives of umbellulone." By Frederic Herbert Lees. With the view of elucidating the constitution of umbellulone, C10H140,the new ketone isolated by Power and the author from the essential oil of Californian laurel, the following derivatives have been prepared. 89 Umbellulone combines directly in the cold with only 2 atomic pro-portions of bromine, forming zcmbeZZuZorte dibromide, C10H140Br2,an unstable oil. Umbellulone would therefore appear to contain only on8 ethylenic linking, and in consideration of this circumstance and the fact that, like the ap-unsaturated ketones generally, it behaves abnormally towards hydroxylamine and semicarbazide, one molecule of the ketone interacting with two molecules of these bases respectively (compare preceding abstract), it is regarded as an up-unsaturated cyclic ketone containing two closed rings, When umbellulone dibromide is heated under diminished pressure, it loses hydrogen bromide, yielding an unsaturated brorno-ketone, C,,H,,OBr (b. p.140-1 45'/20 mm.), and dibrornodihydroumbellulo~a, C10H140Br2, which forms needles melting at 119-1 19.5' and having [aJD+6.4' in chloroform. When the Unsaturated bromo-ketone is reduced with zinc dust and acetic acid, a saturated ketone, C,,H,,O (b. p. 214-217"), is produced; the sernicarbaxone of the latter CloH1,:N*NH*CO~NH,, forms needles which melt at 171-1 72". When dibromodihydroumbellulone is reduced with zinc dust and ace tic acid, it is converted into bromodihydrournbellulolne, Cl,Hl,OBr, which forms needles melting at 58-59' and having- [a],, -70.1" in chloroform.When this bromo-derivative is reduced with sodium and alcohol, it gives tetrahydrozcmbeZZuZoZ,C,,H,,*OH (b. p. 207--208°/760 mm.), which has a sp. gr. 0.9071 at 15'/15'and [a],-6.6'. Umbellulone is readily oxidised by cold potassium permanganate, yielding a Zactone, C,H,,O,, together with several acids which have not yet been investigated. The author wishes to reserve the further investigation of umbellu-lone. 65. (( Ammoniacal double chromates and molybdates." BySamuel Henry Clifford Briggs. A number of double salts of ammonium chromate belonging to a series of compounds having the general formula M~M1i(R04)2,2NH,have already been described (Tmns., 1903, 83, 391).Other members of the same series have now been prepared, MI being either NH, or K ; Mi' being Cu, Zn, Cd, Go, or Ni, and R indicating either Cr or Mo. The corresponding tungstates could not be obtained. The compounds CuCr0,,3$NH3,&H20; CuMo0,,2NH3,H,0 ; CuW0,,4NH,, and Zn W0,,4NH,,3H20 have been incidentally pre- pared during the investigation. 90 66. ‘( The hexahydrated double chromates. Magnesium and nickel compounds.” By Samuel Henry Clifford Briggs. The double chromates M~M11(Cr0,)2,6H20,in which MI’ is magnes-ium or nickel and MI is K, Rb or Cs, have been prepared. The nickel compounds were obtained by adding a solution of the alkali chromate to a solution of nickel acetate, at the ordinary tem- perature for the rubidium and casium salts and at -6O for the potassium compound.The magnesium compounds crystallised out when cold concentrated solutions of their components were mixed, the preparation of the potassium salt being carried out at -10’. Both the potassium compounds are vory efflorescent at the ordinary temperature, whilst in the case of the series of salts in which M” is the same, the stability increases with the atomic weight of the alkali metal.’ This variation is in the same sense as that found by Tutton (Trans.,1896, 69, 521) for the relative stabilities of the corresponding double sulphates. 67. ‘( Hydrocellulose.” By Charles Frederick Cross and Edward John Bevan.The residues described by Stern (Trans., 1904, 85, 336) having the empirical composition of cellulose are no doubt products of hydrolysis and reversion, and are constitutionally different from the original cellulose; but they are in no case identical with those described by Girard, and therefore this investigator’s exhaustive account of the actions of acids on cellulose remains unaffected by the criticisms con- tained in the above-mentioned paper. The statements (Zoc. cit.) as to the causes of the attendant structural changes are, moreover, im-probable. Cellulose is a chemically labile and structurally plastic aggregate, occupying an intermediate position between the two extremes, determined by the action of (a)alkali hydroxides, (b) the halogen hydracids, both in presence of water. It is suggested that the terms hydracellulose and hydrocellulose respectively may for the present be retained to designate the two groups of derivatives obtained by the processes (a) and (b).91 68. (( Bornylcarbimide.” By Martin Onslow Forster and Herbert Moore Attwell. The appearance of a paper by Doht and Haager (Monatsh.,1903, 24, 844) dealing with the production of phenylcarbimide by the action of nitrous acid on phenylcarbamide leads us to record a similar observation which we have made in connection with bornylcarbamide. Bornylcarbirnide, C,,H,,*N:C:O, prepared by adding solid sodium nitrite to bornylcarbamide nitrate suspended in water at O’, is a colourless, crystalline substance which melts at 72’ ; it is very volatile, and the vnpour is intensely pungent, A 2 per cent, solution in benzene has [.I1, + 46.5”.It is hydrolysed by acids and alkalis, yielding bornyl- amiue, whilst aniline converts it into bornylphenylcarbamide, previously obtained from hornylamine and phenylcarbimide (Trans., 1898, 73, 393). DibornyZt kiocarbarnide, S: C(NH*CloH17)2,obtained on heating bornyl- amine with carbon disulphide and alcohol until hydrogen sulphide is no longer liberated, melts rtt 227’. BornyEamine bornyzdithiocarbarnate, C,,Hl~~NH~CS*SH,C,oH~7~~H~, is produced at the same time and melts at 78’. Bornykamine thiocyanate crystallises from hot water in long, lustrous needles melting at 178’; above this temperature, it changes into dibornylthiocarbamide.69. ‘‘ Reduced silicates.” By Charles Simmonde. The substance left when lead silicates are reduced by heating in hydrogen (Tram., 1903, 83,1449) is in general shown to be a compound which can be regarded as a combination of the metal and silica, in the same sense as the original silicate is a combination of the metallic oxide and silica. In some cases, however, a certain proportion of metallic lead is mixed with the substance: this occurs when the original silicates (for example, orthosilicates and basic silicates) contain a greater number of basic than of acidic oxides in the silicate molecule. The reduced residues are generally more refractory than the original silicates. Treatment with the commoner acids and oxidising agents has little effect on them, but they are decomposed by hydrofluoric acid and by fusion with alkali carbonates, The term ‘(silicites ” is suggested for these reduced silicates.Similar results were obtained with the silicates of copper, iron, nickel, and cobalt, 92 70. ('Picryl derivatives of urethane and thiourethane." By James Codrington Crocker and Frank Harold Lowe. The authors show that the reaction between picryl chloride, thio- cyanates, and alcohols is due to the formation of the +-thiourethanes, PiN:C(SH)*OX, as intermediate products, which subsequently react with picryl chloride and pass into the picriminothiocarbonates, PiN:C(SPi)*OX. The results obtained with the cyanates, picryl chloride, and alcohol confirm this view.Under these conditions, the corresponding urethanes, PiNH*CO*OX, are formed, and in the case of ethyl alcohol, the picriminocarbonate, PiN:(OEt)=OPi, is also pro-duced. The following compounds are described : Picryl isopropyl picriminothiocarbonate, melting at 147O, and the corresponding amyl ester (m. p. 138*5'), picrylmethylurethane (192O), picryl-ethylurethane (147'), picryl-n-propylurethane (1 39'), picryl-isopropylurethane (1 77-5'), picryl-isobutylurethane (134'), picryl-amylurethane (131°), picryl ethyl picriminocarbonate (222'). Picrgl thiocyanate is a crystalline powder which does not melt, but decomposes on heating. The urethanes are tautomeric, the solutions in associated solvents being coloured, whilst those in non-associated solvents are colour-less.71. '' The oxime of mesoxamide (isonitrosomalonamide) and some allied compounds. Part 111. Tetra-substituted derivatives." By Martha Annie Whiteley. In a previous communication (Trans., 1903, 83, 43) reference was made to isonitrosomalondimethylanilide,C17H170,N,(m. p. 109')-a tetra-substituted derivative of isonitrosomalonamide-and to a com-pound (m. p. 192'), described as isomeric with it, which was obtained together with the corresponding ketone (m. p. 172') by the action of nitrosyl chloride on malondimethylanilide. Although the examination of this abnormal reaction is still incomplete, the present note is put forward in consequence of the appearance of a paper on isonitroso-malonamide by Ratz (Monatsh., 1904, 25, 55).The compound melting at 192' (mol. wt. in naphthalene =311) has the formula, C17H1,03N3or CltHl7O3N3, and on reduction with zinc dust and acetic acid or with aluminium amalgam, yields a com-or C17H1902N3,pound, C17H170,N3 which crystallises in colourless, prismatic needles and melts at 185-lS6'. When treated with alcoholic potassium or sodium hydroxide, it forms crystalline alkali 93 salts, and from their solutions, mineral acids precipit tte a crystalline acid, C9H8O3N2, melting with decomposition at 256', which yields an ethyl ether, CSH,O,N,Et (mol. wt. in naphthalens =222), crystallising in octahedral prisms and melting at 168'. AminomalondimethylaniZide, (CO*NPhMe),CH*NH,, prepared by reducing isonitrosomalondimethylanilide with zinc dust and acetic acid, forms highly refractive prisms melting at 108'.Nitromalondimethylnilide,(CO*NPhMe)2CH*N0,, obtained together with the compound melting at 192' by the action of fuming nitric acid on isonitrosomalondimethylanilidedissolved in chloroform oatur- ated with nitrosyl chloride, forms colourless prisms melting with decomposition at 156", yields crystalline, yellow alkali salts, and is readily reduced by zinc dust and acetic acid to mesoxdimethylanilide. When boiled with piperidine in alcoholic solution, nitromalondimethyl- anilide yields a white, crystalline compound melting at 184', probably dihydroxymulondimethylanilide,(CO*NPhMe),C(OH),, which has also been prepared from isonitrosomalondimethylanilide by a similar method or by the action of potassium hypobromite.Nalontetraphenylumide, (CO*NPh,),CH,, prepared by the action of diphenylamine on malonyl chloride, crystallises in colourless prisms melting with decomposition at 2 19-220'. The isonitroso-derivative, (CO*NPh,),C:N*OH, forms pale yellow prisms melting with decomposi- tion at 237-238'. The potamiurn salt, (CO*NPh,),C:N.OK, forming slender, yellow needles, gives with ferrous sulphate the rich bluish-purple precipitate characteristic of this group of oximes, and regenerates the isonitroso-compound on treatment with mineral acids or carbon dioxide. The ucetyl derivative (pale yellow prisms, ~111. p. 190'), the benzoyl derivative (colourless prisms, m.p. 175O), and the ethyl ether (m. p. 164-165') have been prepared. The umino-derivative, (CO*NPh,),CH*NH,, crystallises in colourless prisms and melts at 200-2 01'. hritromalmaniZide, (CO*NHPh),CH*NO, (m. p. 141'), is obtained together with a compound melting at 128' by the action of fuming nitric acid on isonitrosomalonanilide dissolved in chloroform saturated with nitrosyl chloride. The amino-derivative, (CO.NHPh),CH*NH,, forms white scales melting at 141-142'. Malonmonophenylamide, NHPh.CO*CH,*CO*NH,, crystallises with iH,O and, when anhydrous, melts at 153*-154' (Freund gives 163') ; the isonitroso-derivative, NHPh*CO*C(CO*NH,):NOH, forms needles melting at 180-181' with decomposition. The investigation of the derivatives of isoni trosomalonamide is being continued. 94 ERRATUM.PROC., 1903, v01. 19, Page. Line. 283 7 for “ 2/3-iIornial” mtcZ “ normal.” RESEARUH FUND. A Meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in June. Applications for grants, to be made on forms which can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, must be received on or before June 6th. At the next Ordinary Meeting, on Thursday, May 5th, 1904, at 8 p.rn., the following papers will be communicated “The slow combustion of ethane.” By W. A. Bone and W. J3. Stockings.‘‘Note on the hydrolysis of starch by diastase.” By J. S.Ford. “The resin acids of the Conifere. Part I. The constitution of abieticacid.” By T. H. Easterfield and G. Bagley. “The action of radium caps on the halides of the alkali metals and analogous heat effects.’’ By W.Ackroyd. 6‘ The dynamic isomerism of glucose and of galactose. Solubility as a means of determining the proportions of dynamic isomerides in equilibrium.” By T. M. Lowry.‘‘A study of the substitution products of ur-tetrahydro-a-naphthyl-amine. 4-Brorno-a~-tetrahydro-a-naphthylamineand ar-tetrahydro-a- naphthylamine-4.sulphonic acid.” By G. T. Morgan, F. M. G. Micklethwait, and H. B. Winfield. 95 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. I. Donations. Classen, A. Ausgewahlte Methoden der analytischen Chemie. Unter Mitwirkung von H. Cloeren. Band 11. pp. xvi+831. ill. Braunschweig 1903. Prom the Publishers. Curie, Mme. S. Untersuchungen iiber die radioaktiven Substanzen.Uebersetzt und mit Iitteratur-Erganzungen versehen von W. Kauf-mann. pp. viii + 132. Braunschweig 1904. From the Publishers. Green, Arthur G. A systematic survey of the organic colouring matters. Founded 011 the German of G. Schultz and P. Julius. 2nd edition. pp. x+ 280. London 7 904. From the Author. Guinness Research Laboratory. Transactions. Edited by Horace T. Brown, Vol. I. Part I. pp. 141. ill. 1903. From Messrs. A. Guinness, Son st Co. Heumann, Karl. Anleitung zum Experimentieren bei Vorles-ungen uber anorganische Chemie. Von 0. Kuhling. Dritte Auflage. pp. xxix + 818. ill. Braunschweig 1904. From the Publishers. Imperial Institute. Technical reports, and scientific papers. Edited by Wyndham R. Dunstan. With a preface by the late Sir Frederick Abel, Bart.pp. xlvii + 236. London 1903. From Professor W. R. Diinstan. Peterson-Kinberg, Willy. Wie eine moderne Teerdestillation mit Dachpappenfabrik eingerichtet sein muss. pp. viii + 224. ill. Wien und Leipzig 1904. From the Publishers. 11. By Yurclmse. Bischof, Carl. Gesammelte Analysen der in der Thonindustrie benutzten Mineralien und der daraus hergestellten Fabrikate. pp. 165. Leipzig 1901. Bohmer, C. Die Kraftfuttermittel, ihre Rohstoffe, Herstellung, Zusammensetzung, Verdaulichkeit und Verwendung, mit besonderer Berucksichtigung der Verfalschungen und der mikroskopiscben Unter- suchung. pp. xi + 650. ill. Berlin 1903. Gildemeister, Eduard, and Hoff mann, Friedrich. The volatile oils. Authorised translation by Edward Kremers.pp. 733. ill. Mil-waukee 1900. Maercker, Max. Handbuch der Spiritusfabrikation. Achte, voll-standig neubearbeitete Auflage, hrsg. von Dr. Max Delbriick. pp. xx+ 940. ill. Berlin 1903. 96 Mann, J. Dixon. Forensic medicine and toxicology. 3rd edition, revised and enlarged. pp. 692. ill. London 1902. Nernst, Walther. Theoretische Chemie vom Standpunkte der Avogadroschen Regel und der Thermodynamik. 4 A ufl. pp. xiv + 749. ill. Stuttgnrt 1903. Oppenheimer, Carl. Die Fermente und ihre Wirkungen. 2 Aufl. pp. viii + 440. Leipzig 1903. Robine, R., et Lenglen, M. L’industrie des cyanures. Etude theorique et industrielle. pp. 463. ill. Paris 1903. Schmidt, Julius, Uebor die basischen Eigenschaften des Sauerstofls und Kohlenstoffs.pp. 111. Berlin 1904. Seger, Hermann August,. Gesammelte Schriften. Herausgegeben von H. Hecht und F. Cramer. pp. xv + 90s. Berlin 1896. Swithinbauk, Harold, and Newman, George. Bacteriology of milk. With special chapters on the spread of disease by milk and the control of the milk supply. pp. xx+605. ill. London 1903. Tammann, Gustav. Kristallisieren und Schmelzen. Ein Beitrag zur Lehre der inderungen des Aggregatzustandes. pp. x + 348. ill. Leipzig 1903. Walker, James. ,Introduction to physical chemistry. 3rd ed. pp. 368. ill. London 1903. Weber, Wilhelm, und Kohlrausch, Kudolf. Fiinf Abhandlungen uber Absolute elektrische Strom- und Widerstandsmessung. Heraus-gegeben von Friedrich Kohlrausch (Ostwald’s Klassiker, No.142). Leipzig 1904. 111. Pamphlets. Atwater, W. O., and Benedict, E. G. Experiments on the meta- bolism of matter and energy in the human body. (U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, OEce of Xxperiment Stations. Bulletin No. 136.) Washington 1903. Baskerville, Charles. The elements : verified and unverified. (From the Proc. Amer. Assoc. Advance. AS&, 53, 1904.) Baskerville, Charles, and Kunz, George P. Effects on rare earth oxides produced by radium-barium compounds and on the production of permanent!y luminous preparations by mixing the latter with powdered minerals. (From the Amev. J. Sci.,17.) Baskerville, Charles, and Turrentine, J. W. Contributions to the chemistry of the rare earths. (From the J. Anier. Chem. Xoc., 26.) 97 CERTIFICATES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTION AT THE NEXT BALLOT.N.B.-The names of those who sign from “General Knowledge ” are printed in italics. The following Candidates have been proposed for election. A ballot will be held on Thursday, May 5tb, 1904. Barbour William, M.A., B.Sc. Grove Villa, Waltharn Cross. Chemist, Royal Gunpowder Factory, Waltham Abbey, Essex. Medallist in Mathematics and Chemistry and Berry Scholar in Science, St. Andrews ; joint author with Professor Purdie of paper on ‘‘ The Influence of Solvents on the Rotatory Powers of Dimethoxysuccinates and Tartrates ” (Trans., 1901, vol. 79) ; Science master, Grammar School, Southwell, Notts. ;chemist, R.G.P.F., since July, 1901. Thomas Purdie. Alex. Findlay.Alex. McKenzie. G. Druce Lander. James IValket*. Benn, R.H.Durward, Westmount, Montreal, Canada. Analytical Chemist, wi+h Dr. J. T. Donald, Dom. Uovt.. Analysto. Engaged in the study and practice of Pharmaceutical and Analytical Chemistry over eight (8) years. Studied partially at McGill Uni-versity and partially at Bishop’sCollege. Member SOC.Chem. Industry, Canadian Sect. B. J. Harrington. T. E. Vasey. J. Bemrose. G. P. Girdwood. Jefrey H.&udts.nd. 98 Bridgett, Robert Currie, 32, Queen Anne Street, Dunfermline, Fifeshire. Science and Mathematical Teacher, The Academy, Rothesay, N.B. M.A., B.Sc. St. Andrews. Late Berry Scholar in Chemistry, St. Andrews. Joint author with Professor Purdie, St. Andrews, of a paper entitled ‘‘ Trimethyl a-Methylglucoside and Trimethyl Glucose ” (Trans., 1903, 83,1037).Thomas Purdie. G. D. Lander. Alex. McKenzie. W. A. Greaves. James Vulker. Clayton, Ellis, 6, Spring Hurst Road, Saltxire. Chemist to Messrs. Sir Titus Salt., Bart., Sons & Co., Ltd., Saltaire. Late Demonstrator in Dyeing, Bradford Municipal Technical College. Three years assistant dyer and chemist, Newton Bank Print Works, Hyde. In 1899 held local scholarship of the value of 210 (Worship-ful Company of Drapers) in Chemistry and Physics at the Hagin- bottom Technical School, Ashton-n.-Lyne. In 1900 obtained 1st place and silver medal in Honours calico printing (City and Guilds), and was awarded the Dyers Scholarship, value 263 per annum for 3 years, open to all those in England engsgod in dyeing, printing, &c., and tenable in the Chemistry and Dyeing Department of the Bradford Municipal Technical College.Contributed two papers on dyeing, Src., to the Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists. In 1903 obtained Diploma of the Bradford College, and silver medal in silk- dyeing, 1st place Honours (City and Guilds). Have taken 1st class advanced certificates in practical and theoretical Inorganic and Organic Chemistry (Board of Education), and also 1stclass Honours Certificates in Cotton Dyeing, Wool Dyeing, Silk Dyeing, Calico and Linen Bleaching, and Calico Printing under the Clty and Guilds of London Institute. George W. Slatter. Barker North. Walter M. Gardner. A. B.Knaggs. Samuel F. Stell. Finlow, Robert Steel,* The Research Station, Pemberandah, Dalsingh Serai Tirhoot State Railway, Bengal. Assistant Chemist at the above Research Station. General Eluca- tion at . Sandbach School, Cheshire (1887-1893). Proceeded to University College, Bangor, 1893. Graduated B.Sc. (Wales) 1899. * This Research Station is supported entirely by the Government of Bengal. 99 Private Assistant to Professors Dobbie and Hartley in their work on “ Absorption Spectra of Organic Compounds,” 1899-1 900. Assistant Chemist under Dr. Geo. McGowan to the Royal Commission on Sewage Disposal, 1900-1903. Assisted Dr. RlcGowan in his work for the Royal Commission on Arsenical Poisoning, 190 1-1 903. Joint author with Dr.McGowan of the following papers : (1) ‘‘ Methods Employed in Testing for Arsenic in various Samples of Foods and other Sub- stances . . . . ” ; (2) “Mechanical Analysis of Soils and Subsoils, together with deductions drawn from this ” (in course of publication). At present engaged with Pzofessor Bloxam at the Dalsingh Serai Research Station, in the investigation of the chemistry of Indigo. James J. Dobbie. W. Popplewell Bloxam. George McGowan. Alexander Lauder. William Ramsay, X.B. Floris. W. N. Hartley, Morris W. Travers. Hammond, Harold Sankey, Government Laboratory, Kingston, Jamaica. Assistant to the Government Analytical and Agricultural Chemist in Jamaica. Worked for two years with Mr. Sidney Harvey, Public Analyst. Obtained Diploma of S.E.Agricultural College, Aug., 1S99, “Experiments upon the Effect of Boracic Acid and Formalin upon the Live Weight, Growth, and Food Assimilation of Young Pigs,” by A. D. Hall and H. S. Hammond; in collaboration with Professor Tunnicliff e, M.D. (Report of the Committee on Food Preservatives). “The Determination of Available Phosphoric Acid and Potash in Calcareous Soils,” by H. H. Cousins and H. S. Hammond (Andyst, Aug., 1903.) Sidney Hal vey. E. J. Russell. A. D. Hall. H. H. Cousins. Albert Howard. N. H. J. Miller. Bernard Dyer. Horn, George Mathieson, Ivylands, Epping. Analytical Chemist. Eighteen months at Marburg University, Hessen-Nassau, Chemistry. Two years at S.E.A. College, Wye, studying Technical Chemistry. Alfred Edward Beanes.W. S. Simpson. F. Evershed. R.J. F’l.iswel2. John Spiller. 100 Le May, Percy Kent, 6, Lothair Villas, Hatfield, Herts. Head Brewer to the Hatfield and Harpenden Breweries, Limited. Have studied Chemistry as applied to Brewing and Malting under 1Slr. John Heron at his Laboratory, 110, Fenchurch Street, and am desirous of being admitted to the Chemical Society in order to extend my knowledge of Pure Chemistry. I am continually at work in tho Laboratory here. Lyndon C. Wilson. Alfred C. Young. John Heron. Leonas.d (I’emple Thoribe. Francis Jewson, B. lfapes Jefers. Mander, Alfred, Berkswell, Malveim. Pharmaceutical Chemist. Bell Scholar 1887. Chemistry, 1st course, 1st Certificate of Honour. Botany, 1st course, 1st Certificate of Honour.Session Chemistry, 1st Certificate of Honour. Botany, Silver Medal ; Pharmacy, Silver Medal ; Practical Chemistry, 3rd Certificate of Honour, 1888. Major Examination, 1888. Pharmaceutical Society’s Medal (Silver), 1889. Pharmacist in analytical work. Author of ‘‘ The Analysis of Snow ” (Pharm. Jouvnal, 1891), ‘* Ghatti and other substitutes for Gum Arabic ” (Plinrnt. Journal, 1888), ‘‘The Climate of Malvern ” (Stevens & Co.), 1903. Elected Fellow of the Royal Meteorological Society, November, 1899. John Attfield. Joseph Ince. Wyndham R.Dunstan. 2’l~owmsA. Henry. Zrnest Gozcldiizg. Moore, Tom Sidney, 99, Rann Street, Ldywood, Birmirigbarn. Lecturer and Demonstrator in Chemistry at the University of Birmingham. B.A.(Oxford 1st Class Hons. in School of Nat. Sci.), 1902. B.Sc. (London, 1st Class Hons. and Schalarship in Chemistry), 1903. PubZisJd pupei*s : Uber die Salz- und Hydrat-Bildung der Azo-phenole [with J. 7’.Hewitt and A. E. Pitt] (Ber., 1898, pp. 2114--2123), The Reversibility of Voltaic Cells (PJd. Mag., 1900, pp. 491-496), Modification of Zeisel’s Method for Estiniation of Methoxyl Groups [with J. T. Hewitt] (J.C. S., 1902, pp. 318-391). Percy. F. Pran kland. Alex. Findlay. J. T. Hewitt. Alex. NCKenzie. Thomas H. Pope. 101 Smith, Gerald Oscar Morgan, The Studio, Trowse, Norwich. Science Master. Studied Chemistry for three years at the Man- Chester Technical School. Teacher of Science in the Wallingford Grammar School for two years.Board of Education advanced Certifi- cates for Inorganic Chemistry (Pract. and Theor.), and Metallurgy (Pract.). City and Guilds of London Institute Certificate for Science of Brewing. At, present waiting for the Examination for post of Assistant Chemist at Woolwich. George Embrey. Jas. Grant. R. S. Cahill. J. JL Collett. E.C. WomersEey. Oldfield, Laurel Cecil Francis, Lincoln College, Oxford. Student of Chemistry. H. Brereton Baker. N. V. Sidgwick. Allan F. Walden. R. Tabor Lattey. D. H. Nagel. Page, William Davidge, Constitutional Club, London, W.C. Engineer. Proprietor of a monthly technical journal, 1L Page’s Magazine.” Interest in Chemistry. Desirous of attending Meetings and of receiving the Transactions, and of making use of the Library.David. A. Louis. F. Evershed. J. Lewkomitsch. Frederick Jas. M. Puge. R.J. PrisweEl. Pinchbeck, Gerald, 96, Albany Street, Regent’s Park, N.W. Pharmaceutical and Analytical Chemist, Major graduate of the Pharmaceutical Society. Member of the Pharmaceutical Society, Late Demonstrator in practical Chemistry and Physics at the London College of Chemistry. Contributor of the following scientific articles and notes published in the Pharmaceutical Journul:-‘‘ Arsenic in Sulphuric Acid ” (1 900), “Floral Calendar for January ” (1899), “A Curious Hypertrophy of Citrus Aurantium Risso” (1903), ‘6 The Morphology and Pharmacognosy of Berberis vulgaris ” (1900). J. Bernard Coleman. J. Archyll Jones. John M.Thomson. Falter Hills. E: S?rm ley Kipi3iny. 102 Porter, Thomas Linton Daniel, 161, Downsell Road, Stratford New Town. Schoolmaster. For 2 years a Science Student at King’s College, London. Medallist and Exhibitioner in Natural Science, King’s College. For the past 24 years Head Science Master at the Park Higher Grade School, Ilford, Eesex. Bachelor of Science, London University. John M. Thomson. Patrick H. Kirkaldy. Herbert Jackson. W. D. Halliburton. D. ~Vorthall-Laurie. Riley, Louis John Ezekiel, Port of Spain, Trinidad, R.W.I. Student of Chemistry. Received general education at St. Mary’s College, Port of Spain, Trinidad, I;.W.I., obtaining Junior and Senior Cambridge Local Examination Certificate8 in 1896 and 1897 respec- tively.Studied Chemistry and allied subjects at University of Edin- burgh during 1899-1901. Same studies were continued at the Glasgow and West of Scotland Technical College, 1900-1 903. Passed the Intermediate Examination of the Institute of Chemistry, July, 1903, and now preparing for the Final Examination of the Institute at King’s College, London. John M. Thomson. Thomas Gray. G. G. Henderson. Herbert Jackson. Patrick H. Kirkaldy. Robertson, Franklin Ernest, Gloster House, Harders Road, Peckham, London, S.E. Chemist and Manager of Dyeing (father’s business). Studied Chemistry and Dyeing at the Bradford Municipal Technical College under Mr. W. M. Gardner, Dr. Sutherst, Dr. A. W. Gilbody, and Mr. Knaggs, taking a special two years’ course.Holder at the College of the Dreyfus Scholarship, open to all engaged in the dyeing trade. Have t,he Chemistry and Dyeing certificates of the Bradford College, Board of Education advanced Certificate in Chemistry, City and Guilds Honours in Silk and Cotton and ordinary Certificates in Woo1 dyeing, Since leaving the College have continued my studies in Dyeworks in Zurich, Elberfeld (Bayers), Barmen and under Mr. Loewenthal at Cassella’s (Frankfort). Author of ‘‘Note on the Effect of Sodium Chloride in the Estimation of free Alkaline Hydrate and Carbonate in Soap,” Published Jou~m.SOC.Dyers and Colorists, July, 1901. C. F.Cross. Walter M. Gardner, Fredk, Hudson-Cox. A. B. Rnagga. B. North, 103 Shacklady, Thomas George, Addiscombe Villas, Cliff-at-Hoo, Rochester, Kent.Technical chemist.. Chief chemist Messrs. Curtis and Harvey, Explosive Factory, Cliff e. Member Society of Chemical Industry. W. B. Roberts. E. Dowzard. F. H. Tate. Fwd. R.Stone. Charles J. Smith. Smith, Clarence, Denmark Lodge, St. James’, Hatcham, S.E. Lecturer at E. London Technical College, Mile End Road. 1897-9 Teaching-Scholar, Royal College of Science, S. Kensington. 1903. Lecturer and Demonstrator, University College, Gower Street. 1903-present time, Lecturer and Demonstrator, E. London Technical College. D.Sc. (Lond 1903). Thesis : ar-Tetrahydro-P-naphthylamine. William A. Tilden. H. Burrows. J. T. Hewitt. Chapman Jones. G. T. Morgan. James C. Philip, Smith,Henry Heron, 76, Plumstead Common Rd., Plumstead.Analytical Chemist. 1st Assistant Metdlurgist, Royal Gun Factories, Royal Arsenal, Wool wich. We3ley J. Lambert. W. Kellner. Richard J. Red ding. J. C. Aylan. H. Russell Pitt. A. H. Mundey. Stanger, Reginald Harry Hursthouse, 33, Ladbroke Grove, London, W. Inspecting, Testing, and Consulting Engineer, and in conjunction with his engineering profession engaged in carrying out investiga-tions, &c., at his Chemical Laboratories and Testing Works, 2, Broad-way, Westminster, s.W. Horace T. Brown. L. Pyke. Henry E. Armstrorrg. H. Harding. Gerald T. Moody. William Robertson, de Jersey Fleming-Struthers, Robert, Exeter College, Oxford. B.A. of Oxford University. Has studied Chemistry for four years at Oxford University, and graduated with Honours in this subject, 104 Is at present engaged in research work on Chemistry with Mr.Marsh. John Watts. W. W. Fisher. William Odling. Allan F. Wslden. J. E. Marsh. Tong, Walter, “Holmdene,” Pole Lane, Eailsworth, Manchester. Analyst, &c., in the ernploy of Rlessrs. Grirnshaw Bros. & Co., Ltd., Clayton, Manchester. I have studied Chemistry 3 years at the Municipal School of Technology, having obtained Hons. Part I In-organic (Practical) ;also part author of a paper read before the Society of Chemical Industry (Manchester Section), March, 1903, on the Analysis of Manufactured India-rubber. The paper was read by Messrs. Grimsham, Tong, 85 Barnes. William J. Pope. F. 5. Sinnatt. John Allan. J. H. WolEenden. L. G. Radcliffe. Stanley J. Peachey. R. ULAY AND SONS, LTD., BREI\D ST. HILL, E.C., AND BUNGAY, SUFFOLK.

ISSN:0369-8718    

DOI:10.1039/PL9042000077

出版商:RSC    

年代:1904

数据来源: RSC