摘要:

The differential response of black and white youth to protests and racial change in the mid-1960s was investigated in terms of (1) attitudes toward civil-rights and black nationalist organizations, (2) the relation between these attitudes and change strategies (black solidarity and integration), and (3) the psychosocial origins of racial-group orientations—Muslim support among black youth and the rejection of Negro organizations by white boys. In both racial groups, approval increased sharply from the Black Muslims, to the direct-action groups such as CORE, and to the NAACP. Support for black self-defense, leadership, and political unity was most frequently reported by black and white youth who approved of CORE and especially the Muslims. Desire for racial integration was least prevalent among blacks who approved of the Muslims and among whites who rejected both civil-rights and nationalist organizations. These youth were also most likely to view racial identity as a source of status and achievement. Resistance to racial change in the white sample and especially Muslim support among black youth were related to limited access to achievement opportunities, while interracial distance was only predictive of white opposition.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.445

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

There is an insufficiency of demographic knowledge about interracial marriage in the continental United States, and also a contradiction of facts and viewpoints. Without much statistical confirmation it has been argued that mixed-race marriages are and are not increasing, and that Negro-White marriages, in particular, are and are not more stable than homogamous ones. An analysis of a set of data on the State of Iowa covering almost 30 years, although of small size, discloses that mixed Negro marriages have increased in the last decade. The divorce rate for Negro-Negro couples is about twice as high as that for whites. But the divorce ratios of other minority couples, and their mixed marriages with whites, are higher or lower than the average, depending upon the particular minority involved. Most remarkably, the information for Iowa indicates that as regards divorce Negro-white marriages are more stable than Negro-Negro marriages, and Negro husbands with white wives have a lower divorce outcome than do white couples.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.461

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The present research attempts to determine if the notion of separate theories for prejudice and discrimination, as put forth by Rose, is viable. The paper examines, as a result of differential responses to selected situational variables, some of the reasons why nonprejudiced subjects discriminate against blacks and prejudiced subjects do not. The situational variables (social constraint and social distance) were experimentally introduced in a field setting. The paper concludes by agreeing with Rose's contention that separate theories for prejudice and discrimination are necessary. However, the authors take exception with the idea that theories of discrimination are sufficient to explain discriminatory behavior. In particular, in order to better understand discriminatory behavior, the argument is set forth that instead of restricting the scope of investigation, as suggested by Rose, it should be enlarged by including other relevant variables which have been shown to have an impact on discriminatory behavior. Other studies have indicated that conformity tendencies are often involved in producing behaviors which are inconsistent with attitudes. It is suggested that some measures of these, as well as of attitudes, should be included in future studies of discrimination.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.473

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Previous studies of the relationship of authoritarianism and anomia to prejudice have yielded inconsistent results. This study of1,018college and university students finds that authoritarianism is more highly correlated to prejudice than is anomia. Possible reasons for the varying results of the studies are examined. McDill's contention that there is a common general factor—a negative world view—underlying each of the scales is rejected on the basis of a factor analysis which reveals six distinct factors, none of which accounts for more than13.5percent of the total variance. It is concluded that the previous studies may have been compromised by acquiescence and other response biases and that there is little profit in attempting to determine the relative importance of authoritarianism and anomia as correlates of prejudice until better measures of the variables are developed which are relatively free of response bias.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.485

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Wallace supporters are compared with a representative sample to test two hypotheses: (1) Wallace supporters are disproportionately status inconsistents, and (2) Wallace supporters tend to have higher incomes than their education and/or occupation ranks would appear to warrant. The data indicate that both hypotheses hold for the subject community.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.493

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Utilizing Merton's concept of anticipatory socialization, the relationship between upward mobility potential and the political attitudes of Catholic, male, working-class adolescents is analyzed. Political attitudes are measured in terms of Lipset's hypotheses of economic and noneconomic liberalism. Using correlation and multiple regression analyses, the mobile group is found to be more liberal on noneconomic issues than the nonmobile group. No empirical relationship is evident in regards to economic issues. Minimal support is discovered linking anticipatory socialization to the observed attitude differences. It remains significant that the differential attitudes are formulated before rather than after the process of mobility.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.499

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This paper discusses the use of unmeasured variables in path models. Problems of estimation of the path coefficients of a path model are explored when unmeasured variables are utilized as both causes and effects (intervening variables). The paper concludes with a discussion of conditions for the identification of a path model containing unmeasured variables and some remarks on the substantive interpretation of unmeasured variables.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.506

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Utilizing the basic assumptions of a stochastic model of dominance frequently encountered in the literature, but generally untested on human groups, the research reported here develops and tests in a preliminary manner a dominance model for three-person groups. Results indicate that the simple assumptions of the model presented need to be reexamined but also point to the ability of relatively simple models to account for interactive behavior in human groups operating in structured situations. Alterations in assumptions which appear necessary for more precise models are examined.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.511

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This article examines the role that married women play in the initiation and maintenance of friendships. It also describes the number and duration of friendships, the likelihood that friendships established prior to marriage will be maintained, and the criteria used in the selection of friends. It compares friendship patterns of middle- and working-class women based on interviews with over200married women. The findings are that relatives are not substitutes for friends, that working-class women are more likely to perceive their neighbors as close friends, and that middle-class women are more likely to report having friends that they share with their husbands. Middle-class women are more active in initiating “couple” friendships and they spend more time with their friends as couples. They also claim that about the same proportion of their friends before marriage have become “couple friends” as have friends of their husbands prior to marriage.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.520

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/48.4.526

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1970

数据来源: OUP