摘要:

Comparative international community power research reintroduces and intensifies the problem of research design and method with which the researcher is confronted in comparative research within the United States. A number of design problems must be confronted in order to ensure accumulative findings: (1) selection of hypotheses and propositions for test; (2) construction of cross-sectional designs such that the researcher or others can use his concepts and methods for longitudinal study at a later time; (3) selection of cities appropriate for the design; (4) a standardization of methodology to include some combination of the positional, reputational, and decisional approaches; (5) a complementary standardization of power structure models. These problems are illustrated by original research experiences in Seattle, Washington; Bristol, England; Cordoba, Argentina; and Lima, Peru.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.261

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This article considers the question: What is the apparent role of the family, its kin and friendship networks in the use of health and welfare services? Eighty-seven working-class families (consisting of two subsamples of carefully defined “utilizing” and “underutilizing” respondents) were studied in Aberdeen, Scotland over a period of roughly one and a half years. After controlling for socioeconomic status, parity, education level, proximity to services, and length of residence in the city, noteworthy differences were found between the utilizers and underutilizers on various aspects of their social networks. The underutilizers relied on an undifferentiated group of readily available relatives and friends as lay consultants before using the service, while utilizers appeared to both differentiate between relatives and friends, and be independent of both of these sources of social control. An attempt is made to trace some of the implications of these differences for the understanding of help-seeking behavior.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.275

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The relationship of attitude to behavior is investigated through improvement in attitude measurement and the use of multiple variable analysis. The certainty of response to attitude items was used as a moderator variable to produce better attitude measurement. Regression analysis was used to consider the relation of a number of relevant personal and social variables to attitude, behavioral intention, and behavior. Data supporting the interpretation that certainty identifies individuals with developed attitudes are presented. Analysis of the relation of attitude and other variables to behavioral intention and behavior suggests when respondents are certain of attitude item responses, attitude is a major predictor of behavior and behavioral intentions, and additional personal and social variables fail to markedly improve behavior prediction. These findings are discussed in relation to selected aspects of Fishbein's (1967) analysis of the relation of attitude to behavior.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.292

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

An earlier case study confirmed some elements of a social-psychological formulation of Weber's organizational model and discontinued others. Close relationships among authority, control, formal training, and legitimacy were found, but impersonality was not characteristic of the organization, and no evidence was found to link organizational knowledge derived from experience to the distribution of formal training or to the distribution of unofficial control. The present research replicates this study in four additional organizations. Again the relationships among authority, control, training, and legitimacy are close, and strong evidence against impersonality is found. Finally, an unusual amount of the unofficial control is exercised in all the organizations, but no evidence indicates that this challenges the official structure of authority in any of the organizations.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.305

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

Georg Simmel's sociology is shown to be grounded on his aesthetics. Isomorphisms between his sociological and aesthetic approaches to their respective subject matters are found in their similar stress on (1) the visual modality, (2) the separation of the product from the process which created it, and (3) the method of generalization through particularization. Although Simmers sociology is usually said to be disorganized, considering his sociology to be modeled after his aesthetics reveals that it is actually more unified in conception than is commonly thought.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.320

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This study examines the transformation of the May Movement in Curacao, Netherland Antilles, in the context of social movement theory. Initiated by an economic strike, the movement became increasingly politicalized. Its initial protopolitical phase was characterized by a violent outburst, then moved into a political strike. The resulting labor solidarity led to the resignation of the government. The movement eventuated in the formation of a new labor party which was successful in a subsequently called election. The study suggests that internal conflict within the labor movement promoted, rather than hindered, political mobilization. The structural setting, however, maintained the movement, in Smelser's terms, at a norm-oriented rather than in a value-oriented direction.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.330

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This study explores two popular hypotheses as to the effects of the employment of excessive social control force on student demonstrators. One hypothesis suggests that experiencing social control violence will tend to radicalize students, while the other suggests that it will pacify them. A questionnaire survey of the entire student body and interviews with 233 Kent State University undergraduates measuring their attitudes toward violence, and the impact of the May 4, 1970 killings on their political outlooks indicate that radicalization is positively associated with the experience of social control violence.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.342

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

The 1967 Survey of Economic Opportunity data are employed to test hypotheses about differences in migration selectivity depending on the structural distance traversed in the migration process. Theoretically, the greater the structural distance crossed in the migration process, the more rigorous would be the selectivity. Conversely, where migration involves movement between similar places, little selectivity would be expected. Structural distance was defined as movement across both regional and rural-urban axes. Selectivity was defined by the relative incidence of poverty among the various residence and migration categories. Analysis of movement into and out of the rural South revealed empirical relationships between variables consistent with the theory employed, although important exceptions were found. These exceptions required a modification of the theory.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.348

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

摘要:

This is a study of rural-to-urban migrants in Ankara, Turkey—the relationship between maintaining village contacts after settling in the city and evidence of urban acculturation. Taking two aspects of urban acculturation, urban participation and belief-attitude changes, it was found that maintaining contacts with the villages promotes, rather than inhibits urban adaptation. The results were interpreted as supporting a contact-facilitation model of acculturation and the implications of this model for the social organization of Ankara and other newly urbanized cities was indicated. It was argued that the informal networks which migrants maintain with their villages serve as a support system for themselves and as an informal welfare system for newly arriving migrants.

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.355

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP

ISSN:0430-0696    

DOI:10.1093/sf/51.3.369

出版商:The University of North Carolina Press    

年代:1973

数据来源: OUP