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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, Vol. 25, No. 362 |
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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, London,
Volume 25,
Issue 362,
1909,
Page 251-282
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[Issued 29/11/09 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. -___---Vol. 25. No.362. Thursday, November 18th, 1909, at 8.30 pm,, Professor HAROLD B. DIXON,F.R.S., President, in the Chair. It was announced from the Chair that, on the motion of the PRESIDENT,seconded by Dr. Hugo Miiller, the Council of the Society had, that afternoon, unanimously passed the followiug resolution :-The Council of the Chemical Society have heard with deep regret of the death of Dr. W. J. Russell, F.R.S., Past President of the Society. The Council recall the long services of Dr. Russell to the Society extending over nearly half a century. Elected a Fellow of this Society in 1851, Dr. Russell was first chosen a member of the Council in 1863, and with one short interval he served the Society contiau- ously until his death.He was Vice-president in 1872, Secretary from 1873 to 1875, Treasurer from 1875 to 1889, and President from 1889 to 1891. Dr. Russell's communications to the Society began in the year 1855. Chemists throughout the world recognise the scientific importance of his memoirs on the atomic weights of Nickel and Cobalt, on the Absorption Spectra. of solutions, and on the action of metals and of wood on photographic plates; and all workers ou gas analysis are indebted to Dr. Russell for the new methods and apparatus he designed for the manipulation and measurement of gases. On behalf of the Chemical Society the Council desire to express their sense of the great loss that the Society and British Science have sustained, and beg to convey to the relatives of Dr.Russell their sincerest sympathy. Signed, on behalf of the Society, HAROLDB. DiXoN, President. 252 It wa,sstated from the Chair that the Society had become indebted to Professor Meldola, F.R.S., for an interesting photograph of the Paris Exhibition Jury, 1900. Certificates were read for the first time in favour of Messrs. : Arthur Jaques, B.Sc., 23, St. Oswin's Avenue, Cullercoats, North- umberland. Samuel Judd Lewis, R.Sc., Ph.D., 122, Newington Causeway, S.E. Herbert William Southgate, B.Sc., 130, Horseferry Road, West- minster, S.W. Stuart Jardine Norris Wolfenden, The Grange, Sidcup, Kent. Certificates have been authorised by the Couiicil for presentation to ballot, under Eye-Law I (3) in favour of Messrs.: Edmund Victor Flack, Mayville, Wigtown Road, Green Point, S. Africa. John Muller, R.A., Government Analytical Laboratory, Grahams- town, Cape Colony. Joas Cornelio Rodrigues Peixoto, 52, Rua N.S. Copacabana, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Charles Tapp,Cradock, Cape of Good Hope. Joseph Pretty Wright, 883, Burrard Street, Vancouver, B.C. The Council has ordered the following letter and report to be printed in the Jouxnal and Proceedings of the Society : COLLEGEIMPERIAL OF HCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, SOUTHKENSINGTON, LONDON,S.W. November 1'Ith, 1909. GENTLEMEN, I beg to present to the Council of the Chemical Society the Report of the International Committee on Atomic Weights, 1910, to which I have affixed, as desired by them, the signatures of Professors Ostwald and Urbain.Since the Commit tee last reported, new determinations have been made of the atomic weights of chlorine, nitrogen, carbon, iodine, silver, phosphorus, arsenic, chromium, tellurium, mercury, palladium, krypton, and xenon. Certain of the numbers obtained, if confirmed, would necessitate minor alterations in the tables, but as additional determinations are promised we prefer to make no very great changes until corroborative 253 evidence is forthcoming, We suggest, however, that the value of Cr should be 52.0 ; that of As should be changed to ’74.96 ;and we adopt the new values for krypton and xenon. I am, Gentlemen, Your obedient Servant, T.E.THORPE. The Hon. Xecretaries, The Chemical Society, BurZirtgton House, London, If< Report of the International Committee of Atomic Weights, 1910. Since the preparation of our last report there has been much activity in the determination of atomic weights. A brief summary of the results obtained is as follows : Chlorine.-A novel comparison of chlorine with oxygen is due to Guye and Fluss (J.Chirn. Phys., 1908, 6, 732). Nitrosyl chloride, NOC1, was first weighed, and then distille3 over silver to absorb chlorine, then over he-ttcd copper to absorb oxygen, and finalIy over metallic calcium, which retained ths nitrogen. The complete analysis of the chloride was thus effected. From the direct weights of the oxygen and chlorine, C1= 35.468.Nitrogen.-In the investigation just cited, Guye and Flus give data which correspond to N = 14.006. Guye and Pintza (Compt. rend., 1908, 147, 925) determined the density of the mixed gases produced by the decomposition of ammonia, and so measured its composition by volume. If H= 1.0076, then N = 14.014. The authors regard the determination as having only a significance corroborative of the lower value for nitrogen. The ratio AgCl :NH,Cl :: 100 : 37.3217 has been measured by Richards, Koethner, and Tiede (J.Anaer. Chem. Soc., 1909, 31,6). Reduced with Ag = 107*881,C1= 35.4574,and H =1.0076,N = 16.0085. If H =1.0078, N = 14.008. The values assigned to silver and chlorine are derived from former researches by Richards and his colleagues in the Harv’ard laboratory.Carbon.-From the ratio between silver and tetraethylammonium bromide, as measured by Scott (Trans., 1909, 95, lZOO), C=12.017 when Ag = 107.88. A single experiment with the corresponding methyl compound gave C = 12.019. These values are too high to be accepted until they have been confirmed by other methods. From the density of methane, Baume and Perrot (Compt. rend., 1909, 148, 39) find C = 12.004. From the density of toluene, as determined by Ramsay and Steele, Leduc (Compt. rend., 1909, 148, 832) computes C = 12.003. Iodine and Silver.-Baxter and Tilley (J.Amer. Chem. SOC.,1909, 31, 201) have determined the ratio between iodine pentoxide and silver. The pentoxide was reduced by means of hydrazine, and the hydriodic acid so produced mas balanced in the usual way against silver.From the ratio thus found, I,O, :: 2Ag : : 100 :64.6225 and 64.6230 (two series), combined with the ratio I :Ag : : 100 :84.8843, the authors find that the atomic weight of Ag lies between 107.847 and 107.850. The corresponding value for iodine is I = 126.891. Phosphorus.-From the density of phosphine, PH,, Ter Gazarian (Cow@. rend., 1909, 148,1397) finds P= 30.906. Arsenic.-Atomic weight redetermined by Baxter and Coffin (J. Amer. Chem. Xoc., 1909, 31, 297). The ratios Ag,As04 :3AgC1 and Ag,AsO, :3AgBr were determined by two methods, one by solu-tion and precipitation in the usual way, the other by heating the arsenate in a stream of hydrochloric or hydrobromic acid.The final mean result is As ='74.957 when Ag = 107.880. Chs.omium.-Frorn analyses of silver chromate by two methods, Baxter, Mueller, and Hines (J.Amev. Chem. Xoc., 1909, 31, 529) find Cr =52.008 when Ag = 107W3. With similar analyses of silver dichromate, Baxter and Jesse (J.Amer. Chem. Soc., 1909, 31, 541). find Cr=52*013. The mean value is 52.01. TeZZuriwm.--Lenher (J.Amer. Chem. Xoc., 1909, 31, 20) converted the double bromide K,TeBr, into 2KCl by heating, first in a stream of chlorine, and afterwards in hydrochloric acid. Sixteen very concordant experiments were made, giving the molecular ratio between the two compounds. The final mean value is Te = 127-55. Mercury.-Analyses of mercuric chloride have been made by Easley," who determined the proportion of mercury in the compound, and also the ratio HgC1, : 2AgC1.By the first method, Hg= 200.48 ; by the second method, Hg =200.62. These values are surprisingly high ;but as Easley is to continue his investigation, it would be unwise to accept themuntil his work is all done. It is quite possible that the increase may be ultimately verified. PaZZadium.-Atomic weight determined by Gutbier, Haas, and Gebhardt by analyses of palladosammine bromide. Th;!final most probable mean value when N,H,Br, =193.908 is Pd =106.689. Krypton and Xenon.-Moore (Trans., 1908, 93, 2181) isolated krypton and xenon in considerable quantities from the residues from * Private commwnication. Easley's work is soon to be published.-t J.pr. Chem., 1909, [ii], 79, 457. This includes the work of Haas, cited in the Report for 1909. 255 1910. Internc&onal Atmic Weights. 0 =16. 0 =16. Aluminium ................. A1 Antimony .................... Sb 27 -1 120.2 Molybdenum ...............Mo Neodymium .................Nd 96.0 144'3 Argon ...................... A 39 -9 Neon ........................... Ne 20.0 Arsenic ..................... As 74.96 Nickel ........................ Ni 58-68 Barium ........................Ba Bismuth ..................... Bi 137.37 208.0 Nitrogen Osmium ..................... ..................... N 0s 14'01 190-9 Boron ........................ B 11.0 Oxygen ........................0 16'00 Bromine ....................Br $9'92 Palladium.....................Pd 106.7 Cadmium ..................... Cd 112-40 Phosphorus ..................P 31-0 Caesium ....................... Cs 132-81 Platinum ..................... Pt 195'0 Calcium ........................ Ca 40'09 Potassium ..................... li 39-10 Carbon ........................ C 12.00 Praseodymium ...............Pr 140'6 Cerium ........................ Ce 140-25 Radium ........................ Ra 226'4 Chlorine ..................... C1 35.46 Rhodium .................... R.h 102'9 Chromium ..................Cr 52 '0 Rubidium .................... Rb 85.45 Cobalt ....................... Co 58.97 Ruthenium ..................Xu 101.7 Columbium ..................Cb 93.5 Samarium .................Sa 150.4 Copper ........................Cu 63.57 Scandium .....................Sc 44.1 Erbium ........................ErDysprosium .................DY 162.5 167.4 Selenium ..................... Se Silicon ........................Si 79'2 28.3 Europium..................... Fluorine ..................... Eu F 152.0 19.0 3oclium ........................Na ........................Silver Ag 107'88 23.00 Gadolinium .................. Gd 157 -3 strontium ..................Sr 87 -62 Gallium .................... Ga Germanium .................. Ge 69 -9 72.5 Sulphur .....................S Tantalum .................... Ta 32.07 181.0 Glucinum .....................G1 9 'I I'ellurium ....................Te 127.5 Gold ........................... Au 197.2 Ferbium ..................... Tb 159.2 Helium ........................ He 4.0 rhallium .................... Tl 204'0 Hydrogen ..................... H 1'008 rhorium ..................... Th 232'42 Indium ....................... In 114.8 rhulium ..................... Tm 168.5 Iodine ........................ Iridium ....................... I Ir 12692 193.1 Fin ........................... ritanium ..................... Sn Ti 119'0 48-1 Iron ........................... Fe Krypton ..................... Kr Lanthanum .................. La 55.85 83.0 139.0 rungsten ..................... Jranium ..................... Janadinm .....................W U V 184'0 238 -5 51.2 Lead ..........................Pb 207.10 eenon ........................Xe 130.7 Lithium ..................... Lutecium ..................... Li Lu 7 -00 174'0 ltterbium (Neoytterbium) Yb Ittriuni .....................Y 172.0 89'0 ManganeseMagnesium ..................Mn .................. Mg 24'32 54-93 5inc ........................... Zn Circonium.....................Zr 65-37 90.6 Mercury ..................... Hg 200.0 120 tons of liquid air. Calculated from the densities of the two gases, the atomic weights are Kr = S3.012 and Xe = 130.70. It will be seen from the evidence given above that few changes are needed iri the table of atomic weights. Chromium, 52.01, may be rounded off to 52, as compared with the 52.1 formerly accepted.Arsenic becomes 74.96, in accordance with the work of Baxter and Coffin. The new values for krypton and xenon should also be adopted. As regards mercury, action may be deferred until more evidence is received, F. W. CLARKE. W. OSTWALD. T. E. THORPE. G. URBAIN. Of the following papers, those marked * were read : *258. ‘‘ The resolution of asymmetrical derivatives of phosphoric acid.” By Bernard Dunstan Wilkinson Luff and Frederic Stanley Kipping. A full accouut was given of the experiments which were briefly described in a preliminary note (this vol., 203). “259. “The configuration of tropine and +-tropine, and the resolu- tion of atropine.” By Marmaduke Barrowcliff and Frank Tutin.Tropine and +-tropine both possess a structure indicated by the following formula : CH,*CH---CH,I kMe &H-OH I ICH,*CH--CH, It was considered by Willstatter (Bey., 1900, 33,1170) that the difference between these two bases is dependent on the relative positions in space of the hydroxyl arid methyl groups. In view of the fact that the tropine molecule contains two similar asymmetric carbon atoms (shown in heavy type), and could therefore exist in a racemic and an internally compensated form, it was thought that Willstiitter’s explanation should riot be accepted unreservedly without further investigation. Experiments have there- fore been conducted on tho resolution of tropine and +-tropine by fractionally crystallisirig their salts with certain optically active acids, and it has been shown that both bases are internally com-pensated, thus confirming the view held by Willstatter regarding their relationship.2.57 Atropine has been resolved by means of its d-camphorsulphonate, and salts of both the stereoisomeric hyoscyamines have been isolated iu a state of purity. It has been shown that the latter bases, when in the form of their pure salts, have [a], +32*1",a value considerably higher than has previously been observed for byoscyamine. The following new salts were described : Tropine d-camphor-sulphonate (m. p. 236"), benxoyltropeine d-camphorsulplhonate (m. p. 240°), $-tropine d-cnmpl~orsuZphoszate (m. p. 224-226') and d-bromo- camp?borsulphonate (111.p. 1SO"), bewoyL$-tropeine d-camphorsulphonate (m. p. 176-177') and d-bromocanxphorsulphonate (m. p. 190'), d-and 1-hyoscyaniilze d-camphorsulp?Lonates (m. p. 135' and 159" respectively), d-hyoscprnine auribromide (m. p. 160") and picrate (m. p. 163'). DISCUSSION. Dr. LOWRYinquired whether, apart from the question of optical activity, the isomerism of tropine and +-tropine might not be compared with that of borneol and isoborneol, depending on the orientation of the CH*OHgroup relatively to the loops of the ring system. Dr. W. H. MILLS pointed out that according to Willstiitter's formula, although tropine contains two asymmetric carbon atoms, it is necessarily internally compensated and non-resolvable. For since three of the groups attached to the one asymmetric carbon atom are linked to the corresponding groups attached to the other, re-arrangement of either ol the asymmetric systems with respect to the other (so as to pass from, for example, a + + to a + -form) is impossible.The first asymmetric carbon atom is necessarily the mirror image of the second. Since the planes of the piperidine and pyrrolidine rings are set at an angle, the relationship between tropine and $-tropine may be regarded as a case of cis-trans-isomerism, the hydroxyl in the CH-OH group being in the one case on the same side of the plane of the piperidine ring as the pyrrolidine ring, and in the other case on the other side. Purther, as the nitrogen atom is common to two rings lying in two different planes, it, together with its three valencies, will presumably lie in a third plane roughly bisecting the angle between the other two.The nitrogen atom will thus lie out of the plane of the rest of the piperidine ring, and consequently the cis-or trans-relationship of the hydroxyl group can also be referred to it. 25 8 *260. “Adsorption in relation to Gibbs’s theory. The mercury adsorbing surface.” By William Cudmore McCullagh Lewis. The author has continued his experiments carried out with a view to verify experimentally Gibbs’s expression for adsorption. Determina-tions were made with aniline, caffeine, mercuric SUlphate, and sodium glycocholate. The presence of electrocapillary and electrostatic effects was discussed, and a general application was made to the case of the mercury drop-electrode. DISCUSSION.Mr. A. E. DUNSTANasked the author whether the gelatinisation of the colloidal dyestuffs mentioned by him occurred during the process of dyeing; if so, what was the specific function of the mordant? Mr. LEWIS,in reply to Dr. Cain as to the r61e of adsorption processes in dyeing, suggested dyeing of fibres as due to simultaneous solubility effects in the bulk of the fibre with adsorption on the surface. That the process of dyeing cannot be simply adsorption is evidenced by the fact that a simple adsorption process in the sense of Gibbs’ theory is a reversible one; that is to say, if the fibre colour were simply due to adsorption, repeated washing should remove it.The fastness is probably due to gelatinisation (an irreversible process) on the surface of the fibre. 261. (‘The electromotive behaviour of cuprous oxide and cupric hydroxide in alkaline electrolytes.” By Arthur John Allmand. Electrode systems containing copper, cupric hydroxide, and alkali are unstable, owing to the production of cuprous oxide. The following 1systems are stable: (a) Cu I Cu,O alkali; (b) Pt‘$::)2alkali. The:single potential differences involved in these systems were measured. Sodium and potassium hydroxide were used in bot,h N-and N/10-concentration. The auxiliary electrodes used were calomel (N and N,lO),as hydrogen electrodes are found to behave unsatisfactorily in alkaline electrolytes. From the results of the measurements, the solubility products of cupric hydroxide and cuprous oxide were calculated.Theoretical values for the hydrogen electrode iu alkaline solution were assumed, and the E.M.F. of the cell Cu I Cu20 alkali Pt thus obtained. From this was calculated the dissociation pressure of cuprous oxide at the ordinary temperature, and also the temperature 259 at which cuprous oxide will dissociate when heated in air. The figures show satisfactory agreement with those calculated from thermal data by the use of Nernst's theorem. The influence of the size of grain of depolariser on potential measurements was recognised and emphasised. 262. ('The stereoisomeric modifications of aB-dibromobenzyl-acetophenone." By Ida Smedley.The action of bromine on benzylideneacetophenone was originally investigated by Claisen (Bey., 1887, 20, 657), who added a molecular proportion of bromine to one of benzylideneacetophenone in chloro-form solution; white needles melting at 157" separated, and were identified as the dibromo-additive product. Subsequently, the prepara- tion of this substance was described by Wislicenus (Annalen, 1899, 308, 219), and later by Ruhemann (Tmns., 1904, 85, 456). The latter observer points out that a better yield of the dibromo-compound is obtained if the bromination is carried out in carbon disulphide solution. On mixing together molecular proportions of bromine and benzyl- ideneacetophenone in chloroform solution, crystals separated, which melted at 15771580 whm recrystallised from alcohol, and mere identical with the dibromo-derivative previously described ; the yield of this was from 70 to 80 per cent. On further concentrating the solution, white needles melting at 11 1" crystallised out ; recrystal-lisation from alcohol raised their melting point to 112-1 13" : 0'1718 gave 0.3033 CO, and 0.0512 H,O.Cz48.15 ;H= 5.32. 0.2115 ,, 0.2158 AgBr. Br=43*37. 0.2750 ,, 0.2796 AgBr. Br= 43.28. C,,H120Br, requires C =48.91 ;H =3.26 ; Br =43.47 per cent. This compound is therefore isomeric with the benzylideneaceto-phenone dibromide melting at 157'. The more soluble isomeride (m. p. 113') becomes discoloured if the temperature is raised above its melting point, and shows signs of decomposition; after heating for some minutes at 180", the dark- coloured residue which solidified on cooling was pressed on a porous plate and crystallised from alcohol ;white needles were obtained, which melted at 156-1579 The identity of this sutistance with the less soluble isomeride was confirmed by the mixed melting-point method.263. ‘(The constituents of the fruit of Ecballiurn Elaterium.” By Frederick Belding Power and Charles Watson Moore. The results obtained by an examination of elaterium and of the “ elaterin ” therein contained (Pharm. J.,1909, [iv], 29, 501) have led the authors to undertake a complete investigation of the fruits of Ecballiztrn Elaterium. One of the objects in view was to ascertain whether any evidence could be obtained in support of the statement by Berg (Bull.SOC.china., 1897, [iii], 17,85) that elaterin exists in these fruits in the form of a glucoside. The expressed juice of the fruit was found to contain, in accordance with a previous observation by Berg (Zoc. cit.), an enzyme which is capable of hydrolysing P-glucosides. For the purpose of a complete investigation, 27 kilograms of the fresh, nearly ripe fruit were employed. The alcoholic extract of this material yielded a quantity of resin, from which the following substances mere isolated : a small amount of a hydrocarbon (m. p. 68”) ;a phytosterol, C27H460(m. F. 145’; [a], +3.2O); a substance (m. p. 258--260°) which appears to be related to ipuranol, C,,H,,O,(OH), ;a mixture of fatty acids ; and a product corresponding to the so-called ‘‘elaterin,” the characters of which have previously been elucidated by the authors (Zoc.cit.). It is now proposed to designate the laevorotatory constituent of crude elaterin as a-elaterin, and the dextrorotatory, physiologically active constituent as p-elaterin. The portion of the alcoholic extract which was soluble in water contained a quantity of inorganic salts and a sugar which yielded d-phenylglucosazone (m. p. 216’). It has been shown that the elaterin exists in Ecballium fruits in a free state, not in the form of a glucoeide, and no evidence could be obtained of the presence of any glucosidic substance. 261. (‘3-Nitrodurene.” By John Cannell Cain. As all endeavours to prepare mononitrodurene by the direct nitration of durene have hitherto proved unsuccessful-the dinitro-derivative always being obtained-Willstatter and Kubli have recently (Ber., 1909, 42, 4151) prepared aminodurene by first converting durene into the monobromo-derivative, then nitrating this to bromonitrodurene which is finally reduced with zinc dust and acetic and hydriodic acids to aminodurene.These authors were able to prove that a small amount of nitrodurene is formed when iododurene is treated with silver nitrite, but as the nitrodurene is accompanied by much unchanged iodo-derivative, it could not be isolated in the pure state. In continuation of his investigation of the derivatives of durene (Ber., 1895, 28, 967), the present author, in the year 1895, prepared nitro- and amino-durene, but as the work was interrupted the results were not published.3-~Viitrodurene, C,HMe;NO,, is readily obtained in good yield by diazotising 3-nitro-6-aminodurene (Zoc. cd.) in alcoholic solution and boiling until no more nitrogen is evolved. The solution is poured into water and distilled in a current of steam, when the pure nitro-hydro- carbon passes over as an oil which, on cooling, solidifies to colourless crystals melting at 70°. On boiling nitrodnrene with tin and hydro- chloric acid it is reduced to the amino-compound, which was, however, not further characterised. 265. ‘(Chemical affinity and electrons.” (Preliminary note.) By Bernhard Fliirscheim. In a recent paper it has been pointed out that the relations between molecular constitution and dissociation constants do not support the idea that atoms are linked by means of interposed electrons; since numerous organic reactions lead to the same conclusion, the author put forward the following alternative hypothesis : (1) The atomic mass (or aqgregate of positively and negatively charged particles) is surrounded by an ethereal layer or envelope, in which, by the action of free electrons within the atom, the form of energy called chemical affinity is induced similarly to the induction of molecular magnetism through Ampere currents.(2) The affinity thus induced varies, for different atoms, both in quantity and in quality. Its quantity depends on the capacity of the ethereal envelope, which is proportional to the surface of the uncom- bined and uncompressed atom.Its quality is a function of the electrical charges within the atom. If the latter contains equal amounts of positive and negative charges, no affinity is induced (inert gases : com-pare A. Michael, J. pr. Clienl., 1903, [ii], 68, 487). If positive or negative charges are in excess, the induced affinity assumes corresponding polarity. Its specific polarity, that is, the atom’s polar affinit,y (A,) per unit of its total affinity (A),corresponds with the pro- portion of the number (n)ol excess of electrical charges (e) to the surface of the uncombined atom (szc) : Ap/A =k x me/s,. The relative polarity of the atom is its specific polarity, expressed in fractions of maximal, that is electronic, polarity : A,, =APIA x e.(3) When two atoms are combined, their ethereal envelopes are contracted toward the point of linking, as a result of their mutual attraction. Thereby the atomic mass is compressed, until its resist-ance to compression produces an equilibrium (compare I. Traube, Ber., 1907, 40, 729). This resistance is a function of the density of the 262 uncombined atom, F(d),and of its specific polarity, F1(Ap/A).Between the force of mutual attraction (&) of two atoms, their uncombined volumes (vu), and their volumes in combination (v), we accordingly have the relation : k, x vu x F(d)x qAp/4v= --------. Q Q is the algebraic sum of the forces emanating from the polar (Ap)and non-polar (Anp) components of the affinities of the two atoms I and 11, and r being the distance of the atomic centres : +, becomes + for heteropolar and -for isopolar atoms, in which latter case atomic combination may become labile (fluorine) or cease (many metals).When one atom is linked to several others, Q and v €or all are the results of an equilibrium (compare J.pv. Chern., 1907, [ii], 76, 185). (4)Atoms transfer their own polarity to other atoms in proportion to the force with which they are linked to them. (5) These views are supported by ample evidence, especially by the changeable valency of strongly polar atoms, by substitution reactions, molecular volumes, and thermochemical constants. They are capable of throwing new light on various problems.Regarding migration velocity in electrolytes, for instance, it is seen that all existing calculations of ionic hydration based on conductivity measurements require modification ; for they all assume that the electrodes attract the constant ionic charges, e, whereas only that part of e which is not bound by the atomic affinity of the solvent and solute can exert any attraction on the electrodes; and this free portion of the electronic charge varies from ion to ion, being the outcome of an equilibrium, as explained above. 266. (( Synthesis of cotarnic acid.” By William Henry Perkin, jun., Robert Robinson, and Frederick Thomas. Starting with 5 : 6-meth~lenedioxy-l-hydrindone,the authors have succeeded in synthesising cotarnic acid in a way which clearly proves that its constitution is that represented by the usually accepted formula : OMe 263 267.(( The acyl-bornylamines. Part I. Fatty bornylamides.” By Percy Faraday Frankland and Fred Barrow. These compounds have been studied in connexion with the relation- ship between chemical constitution and optical activity. The authors have prepared the formyl, acetyl, propionyl, and n-butyryl derivatives, and have determined their rotatory power in methyl and ethyl alcohol, in glacial acetic acid, and in pyridine solution respectively. The formyl and acetyl compounds have been previously prepared and optically examined in ethyl-alcoholic solution by Porster (Trans., 1899, 75, 934, 1149).268. ‘‘The acyl-bornylamines. Part 11. Aromatic bornylamides.” By Percy Faraday Frankland and Fred Barrow. In continuation of the above work (preceding abstract), the authors have prepared the benzoyl, the 0-,m-and p-toluyl, and the 0-,m-and p-nitrobenxoyl derivatives. The optical activity was determined in methyl and ethyl alcohol, in glacial acetic acid, and in pyridine solution respectively. The benzoyl compound had been previously prepared by Forster (Trans., 1898, 73,393), and its optical activity determined in ethyl-alcoholic solution. For purposes of comparison, some hitherto unpublished results obtained by one of the authors and Miss M. B. Thomas with the tartaronitroanilides (0-,m-,and p-) mere described. 269. Synthesis of cydohexanone-3-carboxylic acid.” By Mary Elizabeth Dobson, John Ferns, and William Henry Perkin, jun. The authors have prepared ethyl pentane-a8&-tetracar6oxyZate, CO, Et CH,’C (CO,Et),* CH,*CH,*CH,-CO,Et, and find that this ester reacts with sodium with the formation of ethyl cyclohexanone-3 : 6-dicayboxylate (I) : CO,Et*CH<CJ3,.CH2Co-cH2>CH*C0,Et CH2<EgTg2>CH*C0,H.(1. ) (11.) On hydrolysis and elimination of carbon dioxide, this ester yields cyclohexanone-3-carboxylic acid (m. p. 73-75’) (11), which had previously been prepared by Perkiri and Tattersall (l’rccrts., 1907, 91, 480) from nz-hydroxybenzoic acid by rduction and oxidation of the cyclohexanol-3-carboxylicacid so produced with chromic acid mixture. 264 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. I.Donutions. Abegg, Richard, and Sackur,0. Physikalisch-Chemische Rechen-aufgaben. pp. 104. Leipzig 1909. (Recd. 21/10/09.) From the Publisher : G. J. Gijschen. Kollard, A., and Bertiaux, L. Analyse des metaux par Blectrolyse. 2nd edition. pp. 256. Paris 1909. (Recd. 21/10/09.) From the Publishers : Messrs. H. Dunod et Pinat. Mees, ChnrZes IZdward Kenneth. An atlas of absorption spectra. pp. 74. ill. London 1909. (Recd. 30/9/09.) From the Author. Meyer, Kirstine. Temperaturbegrebets Udvikling gennem Tiderne samt dets sammenhaeng med vexlende Forestillinger om Varmens Natur. pp. 182. Copenhagen 1909. (Recd. 8/9/09.) From the Author. XUSU-BO~,Roberto. Lo Zinco. pp. xvi + 219. ill. Milano 1909. (Becd.21/10/09.) From the Publisher : Ulrico Hoepli. Richards, Theodore WiZEiam, [and others]. Experirnentelle Unter-suchungen uber Atorngewichte. pp. viii +890. ill. Hamburg 1909. (Recd. 21/10/09.) From the Publisher : Leopold Voss. Savoia, Urnberto. Metallografia. pp. xvi +208. ill. Milano 1909. (Recd. 21/10/09.) From the Publisher : Ulrico Hoepli. 11. By Purchase. Handbuch der anorganischen Chemie. Edited by Richard Abegg and Fr. Auerbach. Vol. 111. Part 11. pp. xii+921. Leipzig 1909. (Reference.) Birckenbach, L. Die Untersuchnngsmethoden des Wasserstoff-peroxgds. (Die chemische Analyse, Vol. V11.) Stuttgart 1909. PRESENTATION TO PROFESSOR KOERNER. A Committee has been formed in Milan with the object of cele-brating the seventieth birthday of Profeqsor Koerner.It is proposed to devote subscriptions to the following purposes : 1. Foundation of a prize for work in pure and applied chemistry. 2. Reprinting Professor Koerner’s works. 3. Presentation of a gold medal to Professor Koerner. The Treasurer of the Chemical Society will be glad to receive subscriptions, and mill forward them to the Organising Committee. 265 RESEARCH FUND. A Meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in December next. Applications for Grants, to be made on forms which can be obtained fkom the Assistant Secretary, must be received on, or before, Monday, 6th December, 1909. All persons who received grants in December, 1908, or in December of any previous year, whose accounts have not been declared closed by the Council, are reminded that reports must be in the bands of the Hon.Secretaries not later than Wednesday, 1st December. The Council wish to draw special attention to the fact that the income arising from the donation of the Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths is to be more or less especially devoted to the encouragement of research in inorganic and metallurgical chemistry. Furthermore, that the income due to the sum accruing from the Perkin Memorial Fund is to be applied to investigations relating to problems connected with the cod tar and allied industries. At the next Ordinary Scientific Meeting on Thursday, December 2nd,1909, at 8.30 p.m., there will be it ballot for the election of Fellows, and the following papers will be communicated : ‘‘ A new method for the detection of sodium, calcium, and rubidium.” By W.C. Ball. “ The correction of the specific gravity of liquids for the buoyancy of air.” By J. Wade and R. W. Merriman. “Synthesis with the aid of monochloromethyl ether. Part 11. The action of monochloromethyl ether on the sodium derivative of ethyl acetoacetate.” By J. L. Simonsea and R. Storey. * “ Synthesis of hordenine, the alkaloid from barley.” By G. Barger. “Note on Dr. Scott’s paper on the molecular weight of tetra-ethylammonium bromide and the atomic weight of carbon.” By Sir Edward Thorpe. ‘‘The relation between the chemical constitution of monoazo-dyes and their fastness to light.” By E. R. Watson, A. C. Sirkar, and J.M. Dutta. ‘‘Synthesis in the epinephrine series.” By F. Tutin, F. W. Caton, find A. C. 0. Hann. 266 CER'I'IFICATES OF CANDIDATES FOR ELECTION AT THE NEXT BALLOT. N.B.--The names of those who sign from '' General Kiiowledge " are printed in italics. The following Candidates have been proposed for election. A ballot will be held on Thursday, December Znd, 1909. Aiyer, A. K. Yegna Narayan, Bangalore, India. Assistant Chemist, Department of Agriculture, Mysore State. Master of Arts and Gold Medallist in Chemistry of the University of Madras (India) and eight years' experience as Assistant Chemist iu the Department of Agriculture, Mysore. Morris W. Travers. H. V. Krishnayya. M. Goolab Roy. CEaude X.Fawcitt. Anklesaria, Jehangir Dhanjishaw, Ahmedabad, India.Pharmaceutical Chemist. Minor and Major Qualifications of the Pharmaceutical Society. Arthur W. Crossley. Chas, Horne Warner. Charles Gilling. F. Palmer Wynne. M. 0.Forster. Armstrong, James Alexander Hadden, Dumisa, Natal. Solicitor, Notary Public, Geologist and Metallurgist, presently acting as Metallurgist to the Dumisa Gold Mining Co. The holder of several certificates from Oxford and Cape Universities. Conducted much scientific research. Vide Annals S.A. Association for Advancement of Science (1907). Read a paper before the S.A. 267 Association on ‘‘ Diamondiferous and Sedimentary Deposits of Natal.” S. R. Edminson. Carl Lewis. A. M. Neilson. E.€€. Croghan. w.s.Wren. Barker, Donald William Elsom, 2, Hope Street, Wrexham, N.Wales. Manufacturing Chemist and Optician. Past Student of Muter’s School of Pharmacy. Member of the Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. Member of the Society of Chemist Opticians. Have been engaged in Manufacturing and Analytical Chemistry for over twelve years. My desire is to be up to date in the various branches of research work. John Muter. William D. Rogers. John T. Fleet. A. H. M. Muter. Will. F. Mawer. Baron,Harold, B.Sc., 21, Underhill Road, East Dulwich, London, S.E. Chemist, Westinghouse Patent Bureau, 2, Norfolk Street, Strand, W.C. Graduated Bachelor of Science, First Class Honours in Chemistry, Victoria University, 1903 ; Joint Author of “ Formation and Reactions of Imino-compounds, Part I ” (J.C.S., 1904) ; Author of Gartside Report, No.8, ‘‘Chemical Industry on tho (‘ontinent.” Harold B. Dixon. W. H. Perkin. Arthur Lapworth. Norman Smith. H. F. Coward. Best, Stanley Robert,M.Sc., Hope Villa, Wellington Road, Whalley Range, Manchester. Master of Science, Analyst and Assistant-Manager. Research Assistant to Dr. Jocelyn F. Thorpe, F.R.S., 1908-09, and have published four papers conjointly witb him in the Journal of the Society, namely, Trans.. 1909, 95, 8 ; ibid., 261 ; ibid., 685 ; ibid., 1508. Harold 13. Dixon. J. L. Simoneen. W. H. Perkin. A. N. Meldrum. J. F. Thorpe. R. Robinson. Bottomley, Hubert Frederick, The Cedars, Wavertree Road, South Woodford, Essex. Chemist. At present and for the past three years engaged as assistant in Chemical and Bacteriological research in connexiotl with Sanitary Chemistry for the Sanitits Co., Ltd., London.Previous to the above I assisted in experiments on the Chemical and Bacterial treatment of Sewage at Huddersfield. C. T. Kingzett, W. E. Speight. R. C. Woodcock. James Bruce. R.ill. €farland. Breakspear, Henry Shaw, 20, Walton Well Road, Oxford. Science Master. B.A. (Oxon.), Honours in Chemistry. W. W. Fisher. N. V, Sidgwick. Allan F. Walden. T. S. Moore. F. D. Chattaway. Burger, Dr. 0. K. H., 4,Mission Row, Calcutta. Analytical and Consulting Chemist. Ph.D. (Munich). Assistant at the Chemical Laboratory of the State in Munich (January, 1906-October, 1907).Publications : Author of several communjcations on Inorganic Chemistry, published in the BericAte der deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. Wishes to keep in touch with current literature while in India. E. Sommerfeldt. Adolf von Baeyer. Paul Briihl. William Tate. R. Willst atter. W. JI. Perkin. Bury, Frank Ward, Lyndale Cottage, Darwen, Lancs. Science Teacher, Hebden Bridge Secondary School, Yorks. 16.S~. Manchester. Teacher in Chemistry. Desire to keep abreast of researches in Chemistry. Harold B. Dixoa. H. F. Coward. W. H. Perkin. R. Robinson. Normam Smith. Arthur Lapwoyth. Callister, William Edward, B.Sc. (Manc.), L.C.P., The Rowans, Onchan, Isle of Man. Science Master, Douglas Secondary School. Assistant Science Master and Teacher of Chemistry at St. Margaret’s Secondary School, Manchester, 1902-1 904.Senior Science Master and Teacher of Chemistry at the Douglas Secondary School, Isle of Man, 1904 to present time. Fred. It. GI undey. F?%??kDiron. R. L. Taylor. J.L. Sirnousen. H. F. Coward. TV. H. Perkin. 269 Carey, William Gordon,‘‘ Wyngarth,” Harpenden, Merts. Analytical Chemist. Certificated Day Student in Chemical Depart- ment at City and Guilds Technical College, Finsbury (1901-1904). Analytical Chemist to the Clinical Research Association (I904-1 909). Associate of Institute of Chemistry (Branch E). R. Bodmer. J. S. H. Walker. Charles A. Eeane. A. Prideaux Bavson. Edwayd Hinks. Chamblis, Hardee, 56 W. 36th St., New York City, U.S.A.Chemist for past six years on the Research Staff of the General Chemical Company, New York. M. S. Vanderbilt University (lS99), where I was Scholastic Fellow. Ph.D. Johns Hopkins University (1900). Dissertation, ‘‘The Permanganates of Mg, Zn, and Ua.” Assistant in Chemistry, Columbia University, New York City (1900-01). Chemist, Moore Electricd Company, Newark, N.J., Patentees of More Tube Lights. T. Lyntoii Briggs. Friend E. Clark. Wm. 1,. Dudley. Chas. Baskerville. H. T. VultB. Chand, Lakshami, c/o Messrs. Ramchand, Bulaki das Naudau Sahni Street, Benares City, U.P. India. Student of the Municipal School of Technology, Victoria University. Manchester. B.A. of Allahabad University in English literature, B.Sc. (Tech.) of Victora University, Manchester.Desirous of keeping in touch with modern chemical research. E. L. Rhead. S. J. Peachey. F. G. Richards. Jas. Grant. C. Stanley Gibson. Dawson, James Ferguson, Glencoe House, Tarbert, Loch Fyne, N.B. Science Master. Bachelor of Science of the Manchester University. Science Master in the Higher Grade School, Tarbert, Loch Fyne, Scotland. Late Junior Science Master in the Academy, Alloa. Harold B. Dixon. W. H. Perkin. H. F. Coward. J. F. Thorpe. K.Robinson. Dunningham, Alfred Charles, 28, Victoria Eoad, Northwich, Cheshire. Schoolmaster (Science). Student at University College, London 270 (October, 1904--March, 1908). Internal Graduate in Science, of London University, with 2nd Class honours in Chemistry.At present Science Master in Sir John Deane’s Grammar School, Northwich. R. W. Gray. Samuel Smiles. N. T. M. Wilsmore. E. de Barry Barnett. Xdward C. Cyril Baly. Edgar, Edward Charles, D.Sc., Dalegarth, Romiley, Cheshire. Lecturer in Chemistry in the Manchester University. Joint author, with Prof. Dixon, of memoir on ‘‘The Atomic Weight of Chlorine,” PhiE. Trans. E.S., 1905, and author of second memoir on “The Atomic Weight of Chloriue,” Phil. Trans., 1908. Harold B. Dixon. Norman Smith. W. H. Perkin. H. F. Coward. Arthur Lapworth. W. N. Haworth. R. Robinson. Edge, Alfred, Ravenhurst, Clay ton Bridge, Manchester. Technical Chemist to the Berlin Aniline Go., Limited. Student for the full course at the Municipal Technical School, Manchester, and for two years at the Owens College, Manchester.Demonstrator in the Chemical Dept. Manchester Technical School. Works chemist at Messrs. J. Mandleberg & Sons, Rubber Manufacturers, Pe ndleton, Manchester, and as above. E. L. Rhead. Jas. Grant. F. G. Richards. Jul. Hubner. F. S. Sinnatt. C. Stanley Gibson. S. J.Peachey. Edwards, Frederick Watson, 64,Coppice Side, Swadlincote. Photographer and Journalist. Contributions to Photo-chemical Science in The Amateur Photographel. and The Practical Photoyapher : “Priissian Blue and Turnbull’s Blue : Their Application in Photo-graphy ” ; ‘‘The Theory and Practice of Gold Toning ” ; ‘‘ Pigments and Dyes : Their Application in Photography ” ; “ A Ferrocyanotype Process ” ; “ Factorial Development with Ferrous Oxalate ” ; “The Ferrous Oxalste Developer ” ; On Tinting Negatives ” ; ‘‘ Hardening Negatives.” Lectured on Radium, Polonium, and Photo-chemical 271 subjects before Burton Natural History Society and the local Photographic Societies.Arthur Slator. Jas. O’Sullivan. S. L. Courtauld. ohas. &o. Matthews. A. I;. Stwn. Ewins, Arthur Jarnee, 7, Towton Road, West Norwood, S.E. Research Chemist. B.Sc. (Lond.) ;joint author (with G. Barger) of various papers in the T7wns. Chem. Soc. during the last four years. George Barger. J. Bernard Coleman. George Stanley Walpole. J. C. Crocker. F. H. Lowe. Forrester, George Peters, 69, Beck Strasse, Darmstadt (Germany). Member of the Scientific Staff of E.Merck. Studied at University of Heidelberg, 1904-1 906, under Professors Curtius, Bredig, Quincke, Pfitzer, Jannasch, StollB, Gluck, Neumann. Passed German Pharma- ceutical State Examination with Note I. Collaborated with blr. Peter MacEwan in communication to the International Congress of Applied Chemistry on ‘‘ Variations in the Activity of Certain Toxic Drugs,” Elected Continental Secretary of the Commission to give effect to the Congress resolution on the subject. Peter MacEwan. N. H. Nartim. C. R. Hennings. E. F. Harrison. Leonard Dobbin. 3’.B. Power. Forshaw, Arthur, 104, Holly Road, Handsworth, Birmingham. Research Chemist, John Wright and Eagle Range Go., Essex Works, Birmingham. M.Sc., Honours in Chemistry (Manchester).Late Fellow of Leeds University. Author of memoir on ‘‘ Efliciency of Different Gases for Illuminating Power,” Trans. Inst. Gas Engineers. Harold B. Dixon. J. F. Thorpe. W. H. Perkin. J. I;. Simonsen. Norman Smith. R. Robinson. Arthur Lapworth. Freymuth, William Adolf, Rangoon, Burma, India. Analytical and Consulting Chemist iu Rangoon, Burma, India. Preliminary chemical training under C. M. Stuart, Esq.; two years 272 Charlottenburg not completed, lack of money ; some research under Stuart ;Metallurgy under H. L. Sulman, Esq. ; eight years’ service with Sulman and Picard ; special jobs, Cyanide Chemistry, Hutigaiy, Venezuela, Italy. Sent to Moreing, Frecheville, Curle, etc., as Metallurgical Assistant on mine examinations.AXetallurgical Process Research under Sulman and Picard. Management of Exploration Company, Burma, five years. Assoc. Member Institute of Nining and Metallurgy. Last two years spent on research in manufacture of lac. Discovery of greatly improved process of manufacture of refined lac. This and other manufacturing processes now under management in Rangoon and Calcutta. Charles M. Stuart. Thos. R. Duggan. Frank L. Teed. H. iCfansJieZd. M. K~ip-Welch. Furstenhagen, Otto, 28, Schlesische Strasse, Berlin, S.O. Technical Chemist to the Actien-Gesellschaf t f iir Anilin Fabrikation, Berlin. Publications : ‘(The Theory of Dyeing,” “A New Group of Wool Dyes,” (‘Some New Colouring Matters,” Some New Cotton Dyes,” etc.Jul. Hubner. E. L. Rhead. J. R. Appleyard. S. J.Peachey. C. Rawson. F. G. RicJbards. Walter 81. Gardner. F.S. Sinnatt. C. Stanley Gibson. Jus. Grcmt. Fwneaux, George Pomeroy, “ Harbour View,” Brixham, S. Devon. Science Master at Tettenhall College, Staffordshire. B. A. (Oxon.), Second Class Honours (Chemistry). W. W. Fisher. H. Brereton Baker. Allan F. Walden. Andrea Angel. N. V. Sidgwick. Gardiner, Alexander David, 6, Wellfield Terrace, Springburn, Glasgow. Analytical Chemist. Studied Chemistry, Metallurgy, and Bacterio- logy at the Glasgowand West of Scotland Technical College. For the last nine years Assistant to F. W. Harris, Esq., F.I.C., Public AnaIyst for Glasgow. F. W. Harris. T. Cockburn. Thomas Gray. Andrew S.Matchet. A. Humboldt Sexton. 2’73 Gardner, Henry Dent, jun.,M.Sc., Fairmead, The Goffs, Eastbourne. Resenrch Chemist. Passed B.Sc. and X.Sc. Examinations in Chemistry of University of Manchester. Joint author of ‘‘Researches on Anthraquinones and Phthaleins,” in JozLrlzaZ ChemicnZ Society, 1907. Harold B. Dixon. H. F. Coward. W. H. Perkin. J. L. Simonsen. A. N. Meldrum. R. Robinson. Harding,Victor John,M.Sc., Lonsdale Terrace, Whitefield, Manchester, Research Chemist. B.Sc. Manchester. 1st Class Honours in Chemistry, 1906. M.Sc. 1907. University Scholar and Beper Fellow. Joint author of ‘‘Experiments on the Synthesis of Hexylidene-acetic Acid, Part 11,’’and of other papers in Journal of Chemical Society. Harold B. Dixon.R. Robinson. W, H. Perkin. H, F. Coward. Norman Smitb. W. N. Haworth. Arthur Lapworth. Harvey, Arthur John, SSA, East India Dock Road, Poplar. Assistant Chemist to Messrs. E. Cook & Co., Ltd., Bow (Soap-makers), and Lecturer on “Soap Manufacture ’’ at East Ham Technical College, First Class Certificate and Bronze Medal “Soap Manu-facture ” City and Guilds, London. First Class Certificates, Stage 111, Board of Education, both Inorganic and Organic Chemistry. Member of the Society of Chemical Industry. A. E. Dunstan. F. Henry Streatfeild. W. H. Barker. George Dean. R. W. Wilson. S. Godfrey Hall. Hendry, Robert Douglas, 3, Glebe Terrace, Alloa. Chemist and Manager of Dyeworks. Trained as Chemist at Not-tingham University College ; Chemist and Manager for twelve years to Messrs.John Paton, Son & Co., Ltd., Alloa. Has specially studied Chemistry in its relation to wool and colour, and lectured on these and allied subjects. Wishes to become a Fellow for the purpose of keeping in touch with the latest thought and methods in the chemical world. Wm. B. Jackson. F. W. Harris. Alec B. Steven. Thomas Gray. Villiam S. Denham. 274 Holmyard, Eric John, 7, Manor Street, Cambridge (Sidney Sussex Coll.). University Undergraduate in Science. Keenly interested in Chemical Research and Chemistry generally. Intend to specialise in Chemistry. P.W. Dootson. C. Stanley Gibson. A. E. Bellars. J-. G. M. Dunlop. H. 0. Jones. H. J. H. Fenton. Leech, Benjamin, Beech Knoll, Macclesfield. Dyer and Chemist.M.A. Oantab. (Nat. Sci. Trip., Pt. I, 1899; Pt. 11, 1900). Formerly Scholar of Clare Coll., Cambridge. Horatio Ballantyne. H. J. H. Fenton. S. Ruhemann. H. 0. Jones. William H. Ballantyne. Lewis, William Cudmore McCullagh, Garmoyle, Bangor, Ireland. London Address : Chem. Lab., University College, Gower Street, W.C. Student. Degree : M.A. (R.U.I.). Queen’s College, Belfast ; Liverpool University ; Heidelberg University ; University College, London. Publications : (‘Adsorption in Relation to Gibbs Theory,” Phil. Mag., April (1908) ;‘‘On Sodium Glycocholate,” Biochem. JownaE, Vol. 111, No. 3 (1908) ; ‘i Adsorption” (second paper), Phd. Mctg., April (1909) ; tLZur elektrischen Ladring der Silberkolloide,” Zeitsch.fiiy Kolloide, Bd. IV., Heft 5 ;‘(Oel Wasser Emulsionen,” Zeitsch. fii. Kolloide, Bd. IT.,Heft 5, 1909. William Ramsay. F. G. Donnan. Edruund Albert Letts. A. J. Allmand. J. Norman Collie. N. T. M. Wilsmore. Lundholm, Carl Olof, F.I.C., 2, Eton Avenue, Hampstead, N.W. Consulting Chemist to the Nobel Dynamite Trust. Diploma as Chemical Engineer from the Technical High School, Stockholm, 1870. Publication in TeknisE Tiddcrift, Stockholm : ‘‘Manufacture of Fulminate of Mercury.” Chemist to Nobel’s Explosives Co., Ltd., from October, 1878 to May, 1889. Works Manager, Nobel’s .Explosives Co., Ardeer Factory, from 1/6/89 to 30/6/09. T. E. Thorpe. Otto Hehner. Henry de Mosenthal. Oscar Guttmann. Alfred Gordon Salamon Adwr N.Ling. B. E. R.Newlands. 275 Norris, Roland Victor, 1, Home Street, Higher Broughton, Manchester. Schunck Research Assistant in Chemistry, Mnnchester University. I3.Sc. (Honours) 1908, M.Sc. 1909. Joint author of papers on the “Derivatives of Naphthacene-quinone ” and of ‘‘Anthraquinone,” in the Journal of Chemical Society. Harold B. Dixon. Norman Smith. W. H. Perkin. H. F. Coward. R. Robinson. Ping, Francis Hugh, 10, Forest Place, Whipps Cross Road, Leytonstone, N.E. Teacher. Associate of the Royal College of Science (in Chemistry), 1904-07. Science Master in Jamaica College, Kingston, Jamaica, 1908-1909 (May). M. 0. Porster. Chapman Jones. James C. Philip. G. T. Morgan. William A. Tilden. Proud,Charles, 12, Chancellor Road, Southend-on-Sea.Teacher of Chemistry. Teacher of Chemistry at Technical School, Southend, seven years. Science Student at Univ. Coll., Nottingham, three years. Student of Chemistry at the East London College since Jan., 1909. F. Stanley Kipping. J. T. Hewitt. Clarence Smith. F. G. Pope. J. J. Fox. Ritchings, Walter, 89, Rosehill Road, Burnley. Science Master, Burnley Gram. Sch. Lecturer in Inorganic and Organic Chem., Burnley Tech. Institute. Degree of M.Sc. Manch., with First Class Honours in Chemistry. Woodiwiss Exhibitioner in Inorg. Chem., Omens College, 1902. Science Master at Burnley Gram. Sch. for five years. Lecturer in Hons. Chemistry, Burnley Tech. Sch., three years. Harold B. Dixon.R. Robinson. W. H. Perkin. W. N. Haworth. J. F. Thorpe. A. A? NeZdrurrz. H. F. Coward. l? Thomas. 276 Robinson, Frederic William, Grove House, Farnworth, Widnes. Research Student. B.Sc., First Class Houours, Chemistry (Liver-pool). Research on Double and Triple Ferrocyanides. J. Campbell Brown. W. Clollingwood Williams. Henry Bassett, jun, A. W. Titherley. F. G. Donnan. Sabherwal, Pindi Das, Bhera (Panjab), India. Student, University College, Reading. Cambridge University Diploma in Agriculture. Oxford and Reading Joint Committee (Diploma in Agriculture). Passed General Chemistry in Part I, and Agricultural Chemistry in Part 11,of National Diploma in Agricul- ture. J. K. H. Inglis. John W, Taylor. E. K. Hauson. J.W. Dodgson. W. W. Fisher. Sinha, Manindra, Calcutta, India. Senior Demonstrator in Chemistry, St, Xavier’s College, Calcutta, India. A graduate (with special mention in Chemistry), Senior Demonstrator in Chemistry, St. Xnvier’s College. Member Calcutta Chemical Club (under the Presidentship of Dr. P. C. Eiiy). P. C. Ray. Haradhan Ray. Atul Chandra Gmguli. Punchiinan Neogi. Bid hu Bhusban Dut t, Stanford, Spencer Boyd Oortis-, Glenwood, Dalmuir, D urubartonshire. Chemical Manufacturer (Works address : 123, Mansion Street, Possilpark, Glasgow). Studied Chemistry at the Glasgom and West of Scotland Technical College ; afterwards Assistant Analyst in the Glasgow Corporation Chemical Laboratory. For five years I was Chief Chemist and As5istant Manager of the Glasgow Corporation Sewage Department.At present senior partner of the firm of Stanford and Wylie, Chemical Manufacturers, Glasgom. Desirous of becoming a member of the Chemical Society to keep myself iu touch with the progress of Manufacturing and Scientific Chemistry. Wm. B. Jackson. Thomas Tyrer. F. W. Harris. D.Lloyd Howard. T. Cockburn. John C. Umney. Chas. Umney. 277 Stephenson, Guy, Alexandra Terrace, Crook, County of Durham. Analytical Chemist. Stu-died Analytical Chemistry for four years under Messrs. Pattinson and Stead, Middlesbro'. Had charge of laboratory for six years, at Crook. Chief Chemist to Messrs. Pease and Partners, Ltd., Crook, for six years. Nature of work : Analysis of the following-Coke, Coal, Ironstone, Limestone, Pire Clay, Bricks, etc.; all the Tar Products made on the Plant. Water Analysis; and Chemical supervision oE the working of the various plants. J. C. Stead. Ernest W. Jackson. H. Fran kland. Alfred Hutchinson. ?Villiain A. Bone. Stones, George Bertram, Bank Villas, Tyldesley, near Manchester. Teacher of Chemistry. M.Sc. (Victoria University? Manchester). One year Private Assistant to Prof. W. H. Perkin, Victoria University, Manchester. Teacher of Chemistry at Bablake Secondary School, Coventry, since September, 1906. W. H. Perkin. It. Robinson, J. L. Simonsen. W. N. Haworth. J. F. Thorpc. H. F. Coward. Strachan, James Thallon, 10, Nelson Street, Sunderland. Technical Chemist. Student at Heriot-Watt College (Evening Chemistry Classes), Edinburgh (I898-1902) ; Assistant Chemist in laboratory of J.and G. Cox, Ltd., Glue and Gelatine Manufacturers, Gorgie Mills, Edinburgh (Sspt., 1901, to Oct., 1903); Day Student at Heriot-Watt College, Edinburgh (Oct., 1903, to Nov., 1906) ; Courses in Chemistry : Inorganic, Organic, Physical and Technical (Theor. and Pract.); Advanced Sound, Light and Heat, and Electricity and Mag- netism (Theor. and Pract.) ; Advanced Mathematics (Pixre and Applied) ; Short Course in &!Iicroscopical and Bacteriological work (Edinburgh University Higher Prelim.). Demonstrator in Chemistry to First Year Evening Class Students, Heriot-Watt College (Oct., 1903, to Nov., 1906). Demonstrator in Chemistry to First Year Day Class Students, Heriot-Watt College (Nov., 1905, to Nov., 1906).Chemist, Hendon Paper Works Co., Ltd., Sunderland (since Nov. 1906). Elected Member of Society of Chemical Industry (April, 1909). Desirous of keeping in touch with all the recent developments in Chemical Science. J. Gibson. C. F. Baker. J. P. Longstaff. Chas. Meads. A. P. Laurie. Leonard Bobbin. 278 Taplin, Edward Walter, Church House, Heavitree, Exeter. Brewer and Brewer’s Chemist. For the past eleven years have been engaged as a Brewer and Brewer’s Chemist and Analyst. Hold the Silver Medal in Honours (Full Technological Certificate) of the City and Guilds of London Institute’s Examination in Brewing. Two pupils of mine have also taken the Silver Medal in Honours.Am interested in Manufacturing Chemistry generally, especially as applied to brewing and the carbohydrates, and desire to keep in touch with current developments in Chemistry. F. W. Brown. Arthur Xmithells. Alfred C. Young. Thomas liairley. Alf. Chaston Chapman. H. W. Watson. A. J. Murphy. B. A. Burrell. Thorns, Professor Dr. Hermann, Berlin-Steglitz, Hohenzollernstr. 3. Universitatsprofessor. Direktor des Koniglichen Pharmazeutischen Instituts der Universita t Berlin, als solcher verpflichtet Vorlesungen iiber Pharmazeutische Chemie, Toxikologische Chemie u. Nahrungs-mit telc hem ie zu ha1ten. Frederick B. Power. Peter MacEwan. Frank Tutin. W. L. Howie. E. F. Harrison. Tingle,Joseph Grantley, Nauru, Marshall Islands, Central Pacific.Chemist on Nauru to the Pacific Phosphate Go., Ltd., Leadenhall Street, London; Melbourne and Sydney. Many years engaged in analytical and other chemical work in London, India, Australia, and the phosphate islands of tho Pacific. E. F. Harrison. W. Phillip Want. Peter MacEwan. C, Edwd. Sage. E. J. Millard. John c. Hewlett. Tizard, Henry Thomas, 23, Geneva Road, Kingston-on-!Ehames. B.A. Oxford, 1908. Engaged in Research in Chemistry. 1).H. Nagel. J. E. Marsh. N. Garrod Thomas. F. D. Chattaway. Harold Hartley. N. V. Sidgwick. Allan F. Walden. T. S. Moore. D. L. Chapman. 279 Turner, Herbert, 217, Middleton Street, Moss Side, Manchester. Form Master ; Certificated Teacher, St. Margaret’s Higher Elemen- tary School, Manchester.Bachelor of Science (Physics and Chemistry) Univ. of Manchester. In addition to usual three years’ training, also two pears’ special work in .Chemistry and Physics at the Manchester University and School of Technology. Two years’ work in the University of Leeds in classes specially conducted for the training of Science-teachers. R. L. Taylor. Harold B. Dixon. G. H. Bailey. F. H. Perkin. J. L.Simonsen. Van Essen, Everard Cecil, 28, Hereford Road, Snaresbrook, N.E. Analytical and Technical Chemist. Chemist since 1905 to Messrs. Hemingmay and Co., Colour and Chemical Manufacturers, Marshgate Lane, Stratford, London, E. Formerly (1902-1905) Chief Assistant to Arthur P. Strohmenger, Esq., Analytical Chemist and Electro- metallurgist, Caxton House, Westminster, S.W.A. M. Glass. Arthur P. Strohmenger. Frank Hemingway. B. E. R.Newkcnds. Stanley J. Peachey. Watson Smith. Bernard Dyer. Waliaschko, Nikolai, Hohenzollernstr. 12, 11,l., Leipzig, Deutschland. Magister der Pharmacie und Magistrant der Chemie der Universitat, Charkoff (Russland). Als Privatdozent der Chemie und Pharmacie hat der Unterzeichnete die Vorlesungen uber die Pharmazeutische Chemie, uber die Organische Chemie und uber die Stereochemie in Jahren 1906-8 in der Universitat Charkoff gehalten. Gedruckte Arbeiten:“Ueber das Adonidin Pharmaz. Bote” (russisch), 1902; “Ueber die Konstitution der Flavone,” Travaulx de Za SociStb des Sciences physico-chimipules b 1’ Universitd de Charkof, 1902 ;‘‘ Ueber das Rutin der Gartenraute,” Magister-Dissert.Arch. d. Pharmacie, 1904 ;“ Ueber das Robinin,” Arch. d. Pharm. und JozcmaZ de la XociStS physico-chimique Russe (;PQtersbourg), 1904 ;‘‘Ueber Polia Digitalis,” iJfSdecin. Journal, Charkoff (russisch), 1907 ;‘‘Ueber das Kampferol aus dem Robinin,” Travaux de Icc Socibte‘ des Sciences phys.-chimiques Chrhfl, 1908; ‘(Ueber die Bestandteile der Priichten von Rhamnus 280 cathartica ” (mit N. Krassovski), Journal de la Socitti physico-chirnipues Russe (PBtersbourg), 1908. P. W. Robertson. W. B. Tuck. J. Lister. Edward C. Cyril Baly. F. G. Dowan. Weizmann, Charles, 57, Birchfields Road, Rusholme, Manchester. Senior Lecturer in Chemistry in the University of Rlanchester.Ph.D. Freiburg ;D.Sc. Manchester. Author of some twenty papers in the Journal of Chemicccl Society and the Berichte on (‘The Naphthacene- quinones and Allied Compounds.” Harold B. Dixon. Norman Smith. W. H. Perkin. H. F. Coward. Arthur Lapworth. R. Robinson. Wheeler, Richard Vernon, The Colliery House, Altofts. Chemist to the ‘(British Coal-Dust Experiments ” Committee. D,Sc. University of Manchester. Joint author of following memoirs : “The Combination of Hydrogen and Oxygen in Contact with Heated Surfaces,” YhiZ. Trans., A., 1906 ; ‘‘Slow Oxidation of Methane at Low Temperatures,” J.C.S., 1902 ;Part 11,,Ditto, 1903 ; “ Combustion of Ethylene,” J.C.S., 1904. Harold B. Dixon. H. F. Coward. W. H. Perkin. R. Robinson. J.F. Thorpe. Arthwr Lapworh Williams, Herbert Ernest, 70, Wellington Road, Chnrlton, Kent. Analytical and Manufacturing Chemist, Consulting and Analytical Chemist to John Dewrance, Esq., 165, Great Dover Street, and Chief Chemist of the Albion Chemical Company, Riverside, Charlton, Kent. Have also carried out considerable research on the Compounds of Cyanogen and patentee of a process for the Manufacture of Cyanides. John M. Dougall. Arthur H. Coote. T. Wilton. Ernest Scott. H‘m. Pearce. Young,Roland Francis, c/o Taquah Mining and Expn. Co., Tarkwd, Gold Coast. Chemist and Metallurgist. Attended three years’ course at Finsbury Technical College, 1899-1 901, obtaining College certificate. Chemist 281 to Wouldham Cement Co., 1901-03.Assistant Chemist, Gas Light & Coke Co.’a Tar Works, Beckton, 1903-07. Cyanide Asst., Taquah Mining 6: Expn. Co., 1907-presen t time. (Acting Cyanide Manager, Abosso G. M. Co., July-December, 1908.) R. illeldola. R. Lessing. J. Louis Foucar. F. W. Linch. W. H. Glover. The following Certificates have been authorised for presentation to Ballot by the Council under Bye-lam I (3) : Flack, Edmund Victor, Mayville, Wigtown Road, Green Point. Government Analyst. Connexion with Analytical Chemistry. Analyst at the Govt. Analytical Laboratory, Cape Town, S. Africa. George N. Blackshaw. Muller, John, Government Analytical Laboratory, Grahamstown, Cape Colony. Government Analyst, and Public Analyst for Eastern Province of Cape of Goqd Hope.B.A. of Cape University, 1895. Specialised for nearly six months at request of Government in Agricultural Chemistry in Halle a/S Germany, 1896. Assistaut Analyst in Government Analytical Laboratory, Capetomn, 1895-1902. Analyst in charge of Government Analytical Laboratory, Grahamstown, Cape Colony, 1902-1909. Walter D. Severn. Peixoto, Jogs Cornelio Rodrigues, 52, Rua N.S. Copscabana, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Analytical Chemist. Two years at the Polytechnic School of Rio de Janeiro. Two years at the University of Brussels. Fourteen months at tbe Institute Meurice of Practical Chemistry, Brussels (Diploma). I desire to keep in touch with recent research work in England. T. H. Lee. Tapp, Charles, Cradock, Cape of Good Hope. Analytical Chemist.Minor Diploma Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain, Certificate of the Apothecaries Society, London. Honours in Chemistry, Westminster College, London. Late Assistant 282 Analyst to Mr. E. G. Hogg, of London. Member South African Pharmaceutical and. Chemical Societies. John Cussons. A. John Gregory. Thos. H. Moore. P.Ski.nne?-Clark. J.Fred Davis. J. H. Dinwoodie. Wright! Joseph Pretty, 883, Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia. Cement Expert and Tester for the Corporation of the City of Vancouver, British Columbia. Five years as Cement Expert to City of Vancouver. Pharmaceutical Society, England, 1886. J. O’Sullivan. John A. Hall. !L CLAY ANU SONS, LTD., EREAU STREET HILL, E.C., AND BUNCAY, SUFF0I.K
ISSN:0369-8718
DOI:10.1039/PL9092500251
出版商:RSC
年代:1909
数据来源: RSC
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