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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, Vol. 23, No. 326 |
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Proceedings of the Chemical Society, London,
Volume 23,
Issue 326,
1907,
Page 141-156
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摘要:
Issued 301510'7 PROCEEDINGS OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY. Vol. 23. No. 326. ~~~ ~~ Thursday, May 16th, 1907, at 8.30 p.m., Prof. R. MELDOLA,F.R.S., Past President, in the Chair. Mr. E. Gardner was formally admitted a Fellow of the Society. It was announced that the following address would be presented to the Socikt& Chimique de Prance on the occasion of the celebration of its Jubilee. FROM THE CHEMICALSOCIETYADDRESS TO THE SOCIETECHIMIQUEDE FRANCE. The ties of sympathy connecting the Chemical Society of France and fhe Chemical Society resemble the bonds uniting members of the same family rather than those associating friends drawn together by mere community of interests. On the occasion of our Jubilee celebration in 1891 your representa- tive, M.Gautier, then President of the Socibte Chimique de Paris, reminded us that, prior to your foundation in 1857, M. Wurtz had paid a special visit to London in order to study the organisation of our Society, which had then been in existence for sixteen years, and further remarked '' La Societk Chimique de Londres a etB le modble et la grande sceur de la Societe Chimique de Paris." It is now the privilege of the elder sister to send through her appointed delegates the congratulations of all English chemists to the Societk Chimique de France on completing fifty years of active work in 142 widening the boundaries of a science which has conferred such in-estimable benefits on humanity, How magnificent have been the contributions to knowledge made by your Society during those five decides is witnessed by your Bulletin, which in itself represents a historical survey of modern chemistry.The satisfaction with which our Society embraces this opportunity of taking part in your rdunion is not untinged by sadness, for we can no longer hope to meet amongst you two of the most illustrious of our confrkres, whose loss your country, and indeed the whole world, have so recently had to deplore. This loss is felt all the more deeply by us since one of them was the doyen of our Honorary and Foreign Fellows. In the genius of Marcellin Berthelot, the gifted founder of chemical synthesis and of thermochemistry, were united the savaut and the statesman, a combination of qualities which must be rare in any age ; whilst in Henri Moissan we mourn a colleague, the products of whose industry have been well described as taking a place amongst the greatest achievements in inorganic chemistry.(Signed) WILLIAM President.RAMSAY, ALEXANDER Treasurer.SCOTT, M. 0. FORSTER, } Honorary ARTHURW. CROSSLEY,Secretaries. HORACE B’oreign Secretcwy.T. BROWN, Certificates were read for the first time in favour of Messrs. : William Arthur Colebourn, 34, Camp St., Broughton, Manchester. Robert Cornthwaite, Agricultural Laboratory, Halifax. Charles William Lamb Jensen, Oakhill, Nr. Bath. Charles Home Warner, 24, Gordon Street, Gordon Square, W.C. A certificate has been nuthorised by the Council under Bye-Law I (par. 3) in favour of Ruchi Ram Sahni, M.A., Government College, Lahore, India.Of the following papers, those marked * were read : *loo. The relation between the crystalline form and the chemical constitution of simple inorganic substances.” By William Barlow and William Jackson Pope. The authors pointed out that only two simple homogeneous close- packed assemblages of equal spheres exist ; one of these possesses holohedral cubic symmetry, and the other holohedral hexagond sym- metry with the axial ratio, a : c = 1 : 0.8165. They showed that close- packed homogeneous assemblages made up of two or more kinds of spheres of nearly the same size must approximate in marshalling to one or other of the above types of assemblage or some homogeneous combination of these. All the known crystalline forms exhibited by the elements can be interpreted in the light of the above geometrical principles ; the latter also explain how binary compounds composed of two elements of the same valency, such as the alkali halogen com-pounds, crystallise in the cubic system and how silver iodide, which crystallises in the hexagonal system, exhibits the axial ratio, a : c = 1: 0.8196.An examination of the isomorphous series of tri-halogen compounds, to which the compounds CsT, and RbI, belong, shows that the axial ratios of these orthorhombic substances are also in accordance with the geometrical principles stated above. Descriptions were given of the homogeneous assembIages corre- sponding to the above substances and to the ammonium salts is+ morphously related to certain of them.The crystalline forms oE certain of the chlorates, carbonates, and nitrates mere also discussed. DISCUSSIOK. Dr. DIVERSpointed out that, for the purposes of the authors, it was surely unnecessary and, as introducing complexity, unde3irable to do more than equalise the axial ratios of similar crystals by applying the law of the rationality of the axes. When the authors went on to multiply the equalised ratios by the factor, YIV/ac, and entitled the results, ‘‘ equivalence parameters,” they served no useful end, since no further equivalence ” could be conferred upon ratios (or anything else, except their more complex expression) by multiplying them by this or any other factor.He feared that the authors mere risking failure to convince many chemists of the sufliciency of the assumption of their “valency volumes ” to correlate chemical with crystalline structure, by de- manding for the purpose of appropriate close packing that considerable deviations from simply proportioned volumes must be allowed them ; for example, that volumes of a given valency are not quite equal, even under similar conditions, when they are of different chemical elements ; and that, under different conditions, these volumes may vary con- siderably, even when of the same element ; and that, also, for close packing along with preservation of mechanico-chemical structure, the valencies must be, sometimes, exceptionally chosen ;that, for example the alkali metals are to be univalent in their trihalides; sulphur 144 bivalent in sulphates ;nitrogen, tervalent in nitrates, and oxygen in hydroxyl compounds, sometimes of no valency.What seemed to him to be, also, a serious objection to the packing of atoms to represent chemical constitution mas that juxtaposition of atoms expressed chemical union in some cases and not in others. He also doubted whether with close packing and pressing out all inter-spaces the appropriate distances between the centres of the spheres, shown undeformed in the models and diagrams, would be sufficiently preserved. But, wit,hout the experience of the authors, that was too difficult a point for others to deal with adequately. Dr.TUTTONsaid he was glad that Prof. Pope in his exposition of the authors’ paper had removed the doubt which had been created by their first paper as to the light in which they regarded the use of topic axial ratios. It mas now made clear that Lheir equivalence parameters were intended to supplement, for unrelated or only morphotropically related substances, the teaching of topic axial ratios with respect to the strictly related members of isomorphous series, and that the value of topic axial ratios for expressing the structual relationships of the members of suchseries was undoubted by them. He pointed out that these ratios depended solely on constants determinable with the highest experimental accuracy, namely, the crystallographic axial ratios, the molecular weight, and the specific gravity, and that whilst the molecular volume represented the total relative change of volume on passing from one member to another, the topic axial ratios gave the actual changes in the separation of the struct,ural units, the chemical molecules, in the three directions of space.The equivalence para- meters of the authors suffered from an apparent want of such precision, essentially so from the different nature of the problem, and Dr. Divers had seized on this apparent weak point. He (Dr. Tutton) felt sure, however, having now had time to consider the previous paper of the authors and having seen the present one by their courtesy, that they would be able fully to justify their position, and that they wereon the right track.He believed that the topic axial ratios and the equivalence parameters would.together afford a complete account of the relationship between crystalline structure and chemical constitution, and it was pleasant to think that the papers introducing both had been communi- cated to this Society. *101. ‘‘Experimental investigation into the process of dyeing.” By Julius Hubner. The author has examined quantitatively the absorption of basic, acid, and direct dyeing colouring matters by cotton, wool, silk, and 145 other fibrous materials at different temperatures, with and without the addition of other substances t’o the dye-bath. Parallel series of measurements mere made on the absorption of the several classes of colouring matters by charcoal, graphite, China clay, and lampblack, and the following conclusions were established from the comparison.Fibres of animal origin behave towards colouriug matters in the main like charcoal, whilst cot ton behaves similarly to graphite. Thus both cotton or graphite are practically unaffected by acid dye- stuffs, either hot or cold, whilst wool or charcoal absorb the colouring matter freely. The parallel behaviour of cotton and graphite and of wool and charcoal is also illustrated by the effect of acids, sodium sulphate, &c., added to the dye-bath in the case of both acid and direct dyeing colouring matters. Similar analogies of behaviour are observed in the absorption of basic colours by the materials mentioned.The relative absorptions were determined at different temperatures. DISCUSSION. Dr. DIVERSpointed out the importance of this work as showing that dyeing was not of a chemical, but of a physical, nature. The fact that absorption by charcoal was of the same order of things a.s absorption of colours by fibres was of much interest. Mr. GRANTHOOPERsaid that in the brief rSsunzS of the paper which the author had given the conclusions had not been stated, and he asked whether the increased amount of colouring matter taken up by disintegrated cotton as compared with the unbroken fibre was not explained by the fact that the colour more easily gained access to the interior of the fibre when the latter wits torn. He suggested that the imbricated structure of wool probably facilitated the access of dye substance to the interior of that fibre, and so accounted in a similar manner for the comparative readiness with which wool also took up colouring matter.He further asked whether, in view of such apparent action and of the results obtained in the experiments with fibrous material on the one hand and charcoal and inorganic substances on the other, the conclusion was drawn that the dye was retained by a process of adsorption. Dr. FEILMANNremarked that Suida had also published extensive accounts of experiments on the dyeing of mineral .substances, &c., some two years or more ago, and that Suida’s results seemed to show that a kind of double decomposition occurred, so that the process was of a more or less chemical character, whereas Mr.Hubner’s 146 experiments, on the other hand, tended rather to show that the process was mainly physical, depending on absorption. 102. (( Esterification constants of substituted acrylic acids. Part 11.” By John Joseph Sudborough and Ebenezer Rees Thomas. As an extension of the work already published (Trcms., 1905, 87, 1840), the authors have determined the esterification constants of a number of unsaturated acids with methyl alcohol at 15’. The acids experimented with were cinnamic, phenylisocrotonic, P-ethylacrylic, ethylidenepropionic, and ally lacetic. The results indicate in a decisive manner the retarding effect which a double bond in the up-position has on the velocity of esterification.The constants for phenyliso- crotonic and cinnamic acid are in the ratio 74 : 1, and of the P-ethylacrylic, ethglidenepropionic, and allylacetic acids in the ratio k : 50 : 26.7. 103. “The addition of bromine to the U-and P-chloro- and bromo- cinnamic acids and their methyl esters.” By John Joseph Sudborough and Gwilym Williams. The products obtainei by the addition of bromine to the a-and P-bromo- and chloro-cinnttmic acids and their methyl esters have been examined in order to determine whether in each case the a-or P-compound and the stereoisomeric cdlo-compound yield the same dibromide. The addition of bromine to the a-compounds does not take place readily in the dark. In daylight both a-bromo-acids yield the same aap-tribi.omo-P-phe?zyIpropionic acid, m.p. 151-1 52”. The corresponding methyl ester melts at 47-48’. The two P-bromo-acids combine with bromine, both in the dark and in light, yielding the same aPP-tribromo-P-phe?zylpropionicacid, m. p. 146-1 47’. The corresponding methyl ester melts at 42-43’ (decomp.). The a-chloro- acids do not combine with bromine in the dark, and in clay-light each yields a mixture of two dibromides, which, so far, have not been separated. The two P-chloro-acids combine more readily with bromine, yielding the same ~-cl~Zoro-a~-cZibro~~zo-~-~he~zyZ~ropionicacid, M. p. 143-144’ (decomp.). 104. (‘The addition of bromine to unsaturated compounds. Part I.” By John Joseph Sudborough and John Thomas.The work, of which a preliminary note has already appeared (Proc., 1906, 22, 318), has been continued. The rate of addition of bromine to various olefine acids has been determined at 15’ in carbon tetra- chloride solution. The accelerative effect of sunlight has been con-firmed. Of the following acids examined, cinnamic, crotonic, phenyl- isocrotonic, undecylenic, oleic, elaidic, erucic, brassidic, P-ethylacrylic, ethylidenepropionic, and allylacetic acids, all those containing the double linking in the up-position unite with bromine but slowly in the dark, whereas all the other acids absorb bromine with great readiness under the same conditions, the reaction being practically complete in a few minutes. The characteristic behaviour of the up-unsaturated acids may be used as the basis of a method €or determining whether a double link- ing is in the up-position with respect to the carboxylic group or not.105. (‘Separation of cadmium from zinc as sulphide in the presence of trichloroacetic acid.” By John Jacob Fox. A convenient method of separating cadmium from zinc as sulphide is furnished by the use of trichloroacetic acid. The quantity of trichloroacetic acid required is at least 10 grams per 100 C.C. of solution, but much greater concentrations can be used without affecting the precipitation of cadmium as sulphide. Even when the amount of the cadmium is small (5 milligrams per 100 c.c.), con-centrations OF trichloroacetic acid as great as 30 grams of acid per 100 C.C.do not prevent the whole of the cadmium being precipitated. In this respect, trichloroacetic acid differs from both hydrochloric and sulphuric acids. For the complete separation of cadmium and zinc, two precipitations are desirable; this is unnecessary, however, when the proportions of cadmium and zinc are about equal or when the cadmium is present in excess. If the presence of trichloroacetic acid is objectionable in the subsequent treatment of the solutions, a first partial separation of zinc and cadmium may be effected by the use of 1 gram of hydrogen chloride per 100 C.C. of solution. 148 106. The mechanism of bromination of acylamino-compounds." Preliminary notice. By Julius Berend Cohen and William Ernest Cross.In the ordinary process of brominating acylamino-compounds in acetic acid solution, the crystalline product which is first formed yields, on pouring it into water, the nuclear brominated compound. This intermediate compound has been isolated in the case of aceto-p-toluidide and crystallises in brilliant, yellow needles containing two atoms of bromine. It is very unstable in the dry state, slowly losing bromine and changing into the original compound. The same result is more rapidly effected by shaking the ethereal solution with mercury or dry potassium carbonate. The ether then contains the unchanged aceto-p- toluidide. If, on the other hand, the bromine compound is poured into water or shaken with pyridine, &c., hydrogen bromide is at once elim- inated and a quantitative yield of 2-bromoaceto-p-toluidide is obtained.The following provisional explanation is offered. An additive com- pound with one molecule of bromine is first formed, which in contact with water loses hydrogen bromide and gives the nitrogen bromide compound. The latter rapidly isomerises to the nuclear substituted product : This view would conform to that of Chattaway and Orton (Bey., 1899, 32, 3576), in which the formation of the nitrogen bromide compound is found to precede the isomeric change from side-chain to nucleus. Up to the present, however, the authors have failed to obtain evidence of the presence of the nitrogen bromide compound. 107. '' Mixed semi-ortho-oxalic compounds." By George Druce Lander.The amide chlorides of methyl and ethyl oxanilates are stable below looo. On decomposition by heat they pass by loss of hydrogen chloride into the imide chlorides, which are further resolved into alkyl chloride, carbon monoxide, and phenylcyanate, thus : CO,R*CCl,*NHPh -+ C0,R'CCl:NPh + HCl --+0:C:NPh + RC1+ CO. 149 With sodium alkyloxides the amide chlorides yield triethyl andido- semi-ortho-oxahte, CO,Et*C(OEt),*NHPh, m. p. 69-'70.5", b. p. 172-1 74'11 2 mm., and trinzethyl ccnilidosemi-ortho-oxdate, similarly constituted, and having m. p. SO-S2", b. p. 182'/20 mm. When heated under atmospheric pressure these compounds yield ethyl isodiphenyloxaluric ethyl ester, PhN:C(OEt)*NPh*CO*CO,Et, m. p. 101-104", and the corresponding methyl iso-ester, m.p. 131-1 33' respectively. Both iso-esters on hydrolysis with hydrogen chloride give diphenylparabanic acid. 108. '' Some derivatives of 7-pyranol allied to certain derivatives of brazilein and haematein." (Preliminary communication.) By William Henry Perkin, jun., and Robert Robinson. o-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and its derivatives condense with certain acetophenone or hydrindone derivatives to form derivatives of y-pyran 01. Thus P-resorcylaldehyde and acetophenone condense readily when their solution in acetic acid is saturated with hydrogen chloride, and the 7-hydroxy-2-phenyl-I ;4-6enxopyranoZ hydrochloride, H C1 \/0 thus produced, is identical with the substance prepared by Biilow and Sicherer (Ber., 1901,34, 3890) from benzoylacetaldehyde by condensa- tion with resorcinol.If the acetophenone is replaced by 1-hydrindone, 7-hydro y-2 ;3-indeno-l :4-6tmzopyranol hydrochlovide, is produced. This substance crystallises with 2 molecules of water and yields, with platinum chloride, the double salt (~,6H,,O,,HC1),PtC1,and, with gold chloride, the sult C,,H1,0,HCl,AuC1,,H20. 150 7-Hydroxy -5 :6 -clirrzethoxy-2 :3-hdeno-1 :4-benxopyranol hydro-chloride, H C1 \/0 is obtained when P-resorcylaldehyde and 5 :6-dimethoxy-1 -hydrindone are condensed by hydrogen chloride in methyl-alcoholic solution. Similar condensations have also been carried out with salicylaldehyde and p-methoxysalicylaldehyde and 5 :6-dimethoxyhydrindone. The pyranol derivatives thus produced may also be obtained by the action of alcoholic hydrochloric acid on the corresponding o-hydroxy- benzylidene- 1-hydrindones and, conversely, the latter are again pro- duced from the pyranols by the action of alcoholic potash, The follow- ing example will serve as an illustration of these important changes : H C1 Alcoholic potash0 /v\c--/\()Me Alcoholic hydrogen chlori& \ I1\/\/8\/\/ 1 IO~~eCH(0H) CH, The authors wish to reserve, for a short time, the further investiga- tion of the above and similar condensations.109. “Arsenic di-iodide.” By John Theodore Kewitt and Thomas Field Winmill. The authors have prepared and analysed the arsenic di-iodide described by Bamberger and Philipp (Bey., 1881, 14, 2643).The molecular weight determined by the elevation of boiling point in carbon disulphide solution shows the compound to have the formula As,I,. The substance is, however, useless for the preparation of aromatic analogues of cacodyl, since the only product isolated from the action of magnesium phenyl bromide is triphenylarsine. Pyridine decomposes the compound immediately with liberation of arsenic. 151 110. ‘6 The formation and reactions of imino-compounds. Part IV. The formation of 1 :4-naphthylenediamine from ethyl 7-imino- a-cyano-y-phenylbutyrate.” By Jocelyn Field Thorpe. In continuation of the work already published in Parts I1 and 111 of this series it was shown that derivatives of benzene having a side-chain of three carbon atoms substituted at the a-carbon atom by a nitrile group and at the 7-carbon atom by an imino-group pass on treatment with cold concentrated sulphuric acid into derivatives of 1:4-naphthylenediarnine, ring formation taking place between the ortho-hydrogen atom of the benzene ring in respect to the side-chain and the carbon atom of the nitrile group.The general formula for this reaction can therefore be represented as follows : C:NH c:NH Ethyl 7-imino-a-cyano-y-phenylbutyrate(1)passes on treatment with cold concentrated sulphuric acid into ethyl 1:4-naphthylenediumine-3-carboxylate (2) : C:NH This ethyl salt yields 1 : 4-naphthylenediamine-3-carboxylicacid (3) on hydrolysis, from which 1 : 4-naphthylenediamine (4)can be prepared on heating at 200’ in a current of hydrogen: it111.Mercury derivatives of pseudo-acids containing the group *CO*NH*.” By Samuel James Manson Auld. Unlike cyanuric acid which forms two isomeric mercuric salts (Hantzsch, Be?.., 1902, 35, 2717), all the pseudo-acids containing the group *CO*NH*examined have given only one derivative, in all cases 252 an N-salt containing the group *CO*Nhg-. Some of these N-mercury salts act as “mercury acids ’’ and form alkali salts. Violuric acid, for instance, forms a series of coloured alkali mercurivioluratee, which can be obtained both in the hydrated and anhydrous states. The pseudo-acids examined include uric acid and its alkyl deriv- atives, +uric acid, methyluracyl, viol uric and dimethylvioluric acids, saccharin, benzoylcyanamide, and carbostyril.112. “The influence of substitution in the nucleus on the rate of oxidation of the side-chain. 111. Oxidation of the nitro- and chloronitro-derivatives of toluene.” By Julius Berend Cohen and Henry James Hodsman. The authors have studied the rate of oxidation of the nitro- and chloronitro-toluenes, the same method being employed as that pre- viously described (Trans., 1904, 85, 174, 1622). Excluding the 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene, which occupies an exceptional position in the series, the general result of the oxidation of the ten isomeric chloro- nitrotoluenes may be summarised as follows. The compounds with the nitro-group in the ortho-position are least oxidised, those with the nitro-group in the para-position are most oxidised, whilst the meta- compounds stand midway between the two. The same result is obtained with the three isoiiieric nitrotoluenes.The position occupied by 4-chloro-2-nitrotoluene appears to depend on the length of time during which the substance is in contact with the oxidising agent, the quantity of acid formed varying inversely with the time of oxidation. This has been explained by showing that in all the o-nitro-compounds the acid first formed undergoes further oxidation and that this is especially the case with the 4-chloro-2-nitro-compound. The result is that the quantity of acid as well as the total yield of products is low, in other words, the more protracted the oxidation, the more of the acid, first formed, is destroyed.The authors also described the preparation of 3-chloro-2-nitrotoluene which was originally obtained by one of them in conjunction with H. G. Bennett, so that all the isomeric chloronitrotoluenes are now known. 113. ‘‘ The reducibility of magnesia by carbon,” Preliminary note. By Roland Edgar Slade. Three distinct methods were attempted for establishing the re-ducibility of magnesia by carbon. The first consists in heating magnesia and carbon together in an enclosed furnace, with arc or resistance heating, and collecting and aiialysing the gaseous products 1.53 of reaction ; considerable quantities of carbon monoxide and some carburised magnesium were in this way obtained. The second method is an application of that employed by R.S. Hutton and J. E. Petavel (Proc. Roy. Xoc., 1907, A 79, 155) for investigating the reduction of alumina, and consists in employing a bath of molten electrolytic copper as a solvent and condenser for the metal vapour. These experiments were carried out in carbon tube furnaces and in crucibles heated under the electric arc ; alloys of copper and magnesium were obtained at temperatures as low as 1700’. In the carbon tubes the sublimed magnesia also reacts with the heated walls of th? tubes, from which a powder containing carburised magnesium can be col- lected on cooling. The third method has not up to the present proved successful, but consists in heating a mixture of magnesia and carbon to known temperatures in a current of nitrogen gas, the product being examined for nitride.The temperature of reduction of magnesia seems to be above the limit of temperature at which the nitride is stable. The two methods which hare furnished a positive result give independent confirmation of the recent experiments of Lebeau (Compt. rend., 1907, 144, 799). Whereas this author considers that the re- duction only occurs at or above the boiling point of magnesia when the vapour of carbon and magnesia come in contact, the present research seems to show that the reaction can take place at temper- atures below the melting point of this oxide. 114, The reaction between organo-magnesium halides and nitro- compounds.” Preliminary note. By Robert Howson Pickard and Joseph Kenyon.Aromatic nitro-compounds react very vigorously with an organo-magnesium halide in ethereal solution. p-Nitrotoluene thus forms an indefinite amorphous yellow compound, which, when treated with acids, yields principally p-nitrosotoluene, p-tolylhydroxylamine, pp’-azoxytoluene (probably by the interaclion of the two former compounds), and p-toluidine. The authors wish to reserve for a time the study of this new reaction, 154 115. “A method for the determination of the equilibrium in aqueous solutions of amines, pseudo-acids and bases, and lactones.” By Tom Sidney Moore. The compounds mentioned in the title resemble each other in that their aqueous solutions contain, in addition to ions, two non-ionised forms.The relat,ions may be represented by the equations: (1)_ (3For a pseudo-acid :H*X:O-X-OH ZXO’+H’ (2)For an amine : N-X,+H,O (1) NX,H*OH ZNX,H’ +OH’ The reaction constants of the reactions (1) and (2) cannot in general be determined directly, although their determination is a matter of considerable importance; for the constant of reaction (2) is the true ionisation constant of the acid or base; and the constant of reaction (1) represents the relation between the two forms of the pseudo-acid, or between the amine and its hydroxide as thecase may be. The author showed that these constants, as well as their temperature coefficients, may be calculated from the results of measurements of the partition of the substance between water and another solvent, and of the ‘‘apparent ” ionisation constant (as calculated from the electrical conductivity, or from degree of hydrolysis of salts) at different temperatures .116. The true ’ ionisation constants, and the hydration constants 6‘ of piperidine, ammonia, and triethylamine.” By Tom Sidney Moore. The equations developed in the preceding paper were applied to the results of the partition experiments of Hant>zsch and Sebaldt, Hantzsch and Vagt, and of Damson and 1\4cCrae, and the values of the true ionisation constants (kl)and of the hydration constants (k,)determined for different temperatures. k2C~x3= CKX~IIOH and R,CNX~HOH= CWH’ x COH’, At 20° the results were : x 100. k,. Piperidiue ...............0.156 2.83 Ammonia .................. 0.0052 0.56 Triethylam ine .......... 0*O6 4 1.S6 Pui ther, the heat of neuttalisntion of the three bases and the heat of solution of ammonia were calculated and found to agree satisfactorily with the experimental values. 155 ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY. I. Bmtions. Alessandri, P. E. Merceologia tecnica. Vol. I. Materie prime graggie e semi-lavorate di us0 commerciale ed industriale. Vol. 11. Prodotti chimici inorganici ed organici. pp. xi + 530, xi + 515. ill. Milano 1907. (Recd. 9/5/7.) From the Publisher : Ulrico Hoepli. Lister Institute of Preventive Medicine. Collected papers, No. 3. London 1906. (Recd. 15/5/7.) From the Director. Matthews, J. Merritt. The textile fibres : their physical, micro-scopical, and chemical properties.2nd edition. pp. viii + 480. ill. New York 1907. (Recd. 6/5/7.) From the Publishers : Messrs. John Wiley and Sons. National Physical Laboratory. Collected researches. Vol. 11. pp. 310. ill. [London 1907.1 (Recd. 1/5/7.) From the Director. -Report for the year 1906. pp. 61. ill. ‘reddington 1907. (Recd. 1/5/7.) From the Director. Roth, W. A. Physikalisch-chemische Ubungen. pp. xii + 174. ill. Hamburg 1907. (Recd. 25/4/7.) From the Publisher : Leopold Voss. Settimj, Lzcigi. Caoutchouc e gutta-percha. pp. xvi + 253. ill. Milano 190’7. (Recd. Y/5/7.) From the Publisher : Ulrico Hoepli. Sheppard, 8. E.,and Mees, C. E. Kenneth. Investigations on the theory of the photographic process. pp. x + 342.ill. London 1907. (Recd. 10/5/7.) From the Authors. Van Nostrand’s Chemical Annual, 1907. A handbook of useful data. Edited by John C. Olsen. pp. x +496. London 1907. (Recd. 6/5/7.) From the Publishers : Messrs. A. Constable & Co. Vogel, Hermnn Wilhelm. Photochemie und Beschreibung der photo- graphischen Chemikalien. Fiinf te Auflage, bearbeitet von Ernst Konig. pp. xi+ 376. ill. Berlin 1906. (Recd. 13/5/7.) From the Publisher : Gustav Schmidt. 11. By Purclme. Allen, Alfred H. Commercial organic analysis. 3rd. Edition. Vol. 11. Part 111. Acid derivatives of phenols, aromatic acids, resins, and essential oils. Revised by the Author and Arnold Rowsby Tankard. pp. xiii +547. London 1907. (Recd. 22/4/7.) Lassar-Cohn. Arbeitsmethoden f iir organisch-chemische Labora-torien. Spezieller Teil : Erste Halfte.Vierte Auflage. pp. 864. Hamburg 1907. (Recd. 15/5/7.) Wedekind, Edgar. Zur Stereochemie des fiinfwertigen Stickstoffes. Zweite Auflage von EmiZ Frohlich. pp. 93. Leipzig 1907. (Recd. 15/5/7.) 156 RESEARCH FUND. A meeting of the Research Fund Committee will be held in June next. Applications for grants, to be made on forms which can be obtained from the Assistant Secretary, must be received on, or before, Saturday, 8th June, 1907. Those Fellows who received grants in June, 1906, or whose grants, allotted in June of previous years, have not been closed, are reminded that reports must be in the hands of the Hon. Secretaries nut later than Saturday, 1st June, next.On Thursday, June 13th, 1907, Professor J. B. Farmer, F.R.S., will deliver a discourse entitled ‘<Some Borderline Problems in Botany.” ERRATUM. 1907. P. 137, line 12 from top, fop-~V/100” rend ‘I N/lOOO.” At the next Ordinary Meeting, on Thursday, June 6th, 1907, at 8.30p.m., the following papers will be read : ILThe relation between absorption spectra and chemical constitution. Part VII. Pyridine and some of its derivatives.” By F. Baker and E. C. C. Baly.(‘The interaction of methylene chloride and the sodium derivative of ethyl malonate.” By F. Tutin. Molecular weight of P-naphthol in solution in solid naphthalene.” By E. P. Perman and J. H. Davies. ‘(Synthesis of hexat,riene derivatives.” Preliminary notice. By ‘‘The constitution of the diazo-compounds.” I. Smedley. By J. C. Cain. “p-Cresol sulphoxide and sulphide.” By S. Smiles and T. P. Hilditch. p-Dioxyphenylsulphoxide.” By S. Smiles and A. W. Bain. K. CLAY ANT SOKE, LTP., CREAI) 37’. HII.1, E.C., AKD BUKGAY, SUWOLK.
ISSN:0369-8718
DOI:10.1039/PL9072300141
出版商:RSC
年代:1907
数据来源: RSC
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