摘要:

Addition of water to thelevo- andmeso-isomers of 2,3-butanediol increases the specific gravity to a maximum at 50 to 60% diol, beyond which it is gradually reduced. Contraction on mixing is strongly influenced by temperature and is slightly greater with thelevo- than with themeso-isomer. The coefficient of thermal expansion for thelevo-isomer is higher than that of themeso-form. Water exerts a pronounced influence on the specific rotation value of thelevo-isomer, reducing it from − 13° (anhydrous) to approximately − 9° for solutions containing 40 to 70% water; on further dilution, the specific rotation value rises. With increase in temperature, the optical rotatory power of the anhydrouslevo-isomer is reduced, whereas that of 30 to 90% aqueous solutions is increased. Refractive index data are provided for aqueousmeso-2,3-butanediol solutions at 25 °C. and for aqueouslevo-2,3-butanediol solutions at 20°, 25°, 30°, and 35 °C. From several lines of evidence it is concluded that the hydration tendencies of the two isomers are approximately equivalent.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-036

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Aqueous solutions of ethylbis(β-chloroethyl)amine and Reinecke salt react to yield a pink crystalline precipitate. The sensitivity of the test depends on a number of factors, but, under suitable conditions, Reinecke salt will detect less than 5 p.p.m. of this amine in aqueous solution.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-037

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The binary liquid–vapour equilibrium for the system hydrogen-cyanide–cyanogen-chloride has been investigated at 15 °C. The equilibrium liquid–vapour compositions were determined by slow isothermal distillation and the vapour pressures by mercury manometer. Analysis of the phases was by density, independent measurements having fixed the density–liquid composition curve. It is shown how true equilibrium compositions may be obtained from the measured (average) compositions of the distillates.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-038

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The vapour pressure of solutions of carbon dioxide in Freon has been determined at 10° and 20 °C. for pressures up to 25 atm. At both temperatures, the vapour pressure is roughly linear in the mole fraction of carbon dioxide, the deviations being positive for solutions low in carbon dioxide and negative for solutions high in carbon dioxide; for a given concentration, the deviation becomes more negative the higher the temperature.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-039

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Fully acetylated mucic acid, D-glucosaccharic anhydride, D-mannosaccharic anhydride, and α-D-glucopentahydroxypimelic acid have been prepared by the action of acetyl chloride on the neutral zinc salts of the corresponding acids. Fully benzoylated mucic, D-glucosaccharic, and D-mannosaccharic acids have been prepared in a similar manner. The action of acyl or aroyl halides on the neutral zinc salts of the dibasic sugar acids is proposed as a general method for preparation of the fully substituted derivatives.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-040

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

A systematic investigation of the synthesis ofdl-valine by the Strecker method, starting from isobutyraldehyde, has been made. The potassium-cyanide–ammonium-chloride procedure, as modified by us, has been found to be the most convenient for the large scale laboratory preparation of this amino acid, considering the over-all yield, the purity of the amino acid, and the time required, as well as the ease of preparation. A continuous ether extraction of the amino nitrile has been introduced. This accounts for the high yield and easy separation of the pure amino acid.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr46b-041

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1946

数据来源: NRC