摘要:

Dark colored commercial erucic acid oils from rapeseed, and from mustard seed screenings (Brassicaspecies), have been subjected to various refining and bleaching treatments. Superfiltrol bleaching clay was superior to Neutrol clay or an unactivated Manitoba bentonite. Lecithin-free, partially alkali refined, and alkali refined oils were bleached readily by heating for 20 min. at 100 °C., as little as 2% clay yielding oils similar in color to commercial table oils. Crude oils could be bleached without preliminary refining treatment if the temperature were raised to 200 °C., though some increase in free fatty acid occurred. With Stanolax as a color standard, relative transmissions at a wave length of 440 mμ were 4.5% for crude rapeseed oil, 5.0% for alkali refined rapeseed oil, and 58, 78, and 91%, respectively, for the alkali refined oil bleached with 1, 2, and 4% Superfiltrol. The behavior of mustard seed oils was closely similar though more bleaching clay was required. For both rape and mustard, spectrophotometric analyses indicated generally similar transmissions for crude, lecithin-free, and partially alkali refined oils in the range from 225 to 500 mμ, while fully alkali refined oils showed reduced transmissions in the triene region (260 to 280 mμ) with slightly increased transmission over the range from 320 to 500 mμ. Bleached oils were characterized by high transmissions in the range above 320 mμ.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr48f-037

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1948

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

Canadian grown rape and mustard seed oils were alkali refined with 10° Bé. sodium hydroxide, bleached for 20 min. at 212° F. with 2 or 4% Superfiltrol, and deodorized at 464° F. for one hour. These oils were lighter in color and more viscous than commercial corn oil, had smoke points over 400° F., and were clear at refrigerator temperature (40° F.). Consumer acceptance tests indicated that the erucic acid oils, either fresh or aged for 10 days at 100° F., were generally as acceptable as corn oil when used as salad oils or for the preparation of mayonnaise and pastry. The fresh oils were generally not as satisfactory as corn oil for the preparation of doughnuts, although some of the aged oils gave results comparable with those for aged corn oil.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr48f-038

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1948

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The experiments described show that town gas containing hydrogen in large concentration can be used as fuel for a carburetor type Otto cycle engine at compression ratios rising to 10:1 and in mixtures with air in any proportion, if the accumulation of fluffy carbon in the combustion space be prevented. The carbon is produced mainly by pyrolysis of the lubricating oil. Confirmation of the nuclear theory of ignition, advanced in Part IV to explain the cause of detonation in engines, is thus obtained. Performance data are given for the variation of power and economy with mixture strength and ignition timing at compression ratios of 6, 8, and 10:1.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr48f-039

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1948

数据来源: NRC

摘要:

The corrosion of a steel ship in sea water has been investigated by studying the electrical potentials in the sea close to the hull. The surveys were made in conjunction with a drydocking program during which the state of the hull was deliberately altered so that the corrosion patterns could be followed under a variety of hull conditions, and were supplemented by visual inspections of the ship when in drydock. Typical results are described and discussed. Some failures of the present anticorrosive technique are indicated and some possible remedies suggested.

ISSN:1923-4287    

DOI:10.1139/cjr48f-040

出版商:NRC Research Press    

年代:1948

数据来源: NRC